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Den 2 juli 2025 infördes en ny paragraf i svensk rätt. Paragrafen införde brottet förolämpning mot tjänsteman som särskilt brott. Denna uppsats ska undersöka den nya paragrafen och dess betydelse för svensk rätt. Vid införandet av paragrafen var den allmänna uppfattningen att en ny lag införts som nu gjorde det olagligt att förolämpa tjänstemän. Mest uppmärksammat blev förolämpningar mot poliserA new section was introduced into Swedish law on July 2, 2025. The section introduced the crime of insulting a civil servant as a special offense. This essay will examine the new section and its significance for Swedish law. When the section was introduced, the general perception was that a new law had been introduced that now made it illegal to insult civil servants. Most of the attention focuse

The purpose of this study is to examine the significance of the office environment for organizations’ attractiveness as employers, as well as how the office environment may influence both efficiency and employee satisfaction in the workplace. The study particularly focuses on workplaces characterized by innovative, aesthetic, and experience-based office solutions. By analyzing the relationship bet

Protein biosynthesis follows a hierarchical process, as genes are transcribed into mRNA, translated into a chain of amino acids, and ultimately folded into functional proteins. This implies that the protein structure is merely determined by the amino acid sequence. Yet, studies on translation efficiency indicate that codon usage, which is organism dependent, significantly impacts protein folding k

Information management is a central part of organizations in today´s society, and critical research is continuously made to assess the reliability of sources. Previous studies have suggested that information with confidential sources tends to be perceived as more credible compared to open sources. The aim of the thesis was to analyze the perceived credibility of information from confidential versu

Cyklometallering är en reaktion som används i alltifrån tillverkning av nya material till katalys av industriella kemiska processer, så att de sker snabbare och energisnålare. I denna reaktion reagerar en metall med en organisk molekyl (en ligand) och bildar en cykel och en ny metall-kolbindning. En typ av komplex som bildas genom cyklometallering är pincer-komplex, och dessa komplex kan bland annCyclometallation reactions and pincer complexes are both essential in organometallic synthesis and catalysis. The C-H bond activation is a key step in cyclometallation and metallacycles such aspincer complexes can thus be used to study this bond activation event. Much research has been conducted on the PCsp2P pincer complexes and their cyclopalladations, but not as much on their analogous sp3-hybr

With the definite dialectic relationship between the fashion industry and models, this bachelor’s thesis seeks to research the usage of models’ body types in relation to two different fashion companies. These two companies consist of Très Bien and Zalando, which occupy different spaces of the larger fashion landscape, with Très Bien being a smaller and more alternative fashion company and Zalando

The understanding of the link between the water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) sector and gender has been extensively researched and is widely accepted as foundational for achieving safe and equal provision of WASH-facilities. Interventions aimed at improvements in the sector are common in low- and middle-income countries, however, there is a limited number of approaches for measuring their outcom

Abstract Aim: The purpose of this research is to investigate cultural differences in the perception of brand image when portraying gay lifestyle in advertising in Sweden and Spain. Approach: This study is based on a qualitative approach. One round of focus groups has been conducted, with one group of Spanish participants and one group of Swedish participants. The insights of each group have been

Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka den historiska upprinnelsen till statschefens rättsliga immunitet som går att återfinna i 5 kap 8 § RF. Motsvarande immunitet går att hitta i nästan alla moderna konstitutionella monarkier, och i förarbetena som ledde upp till bestämmelsen finner man att ett av motiven bakom att ha kvar den är att den är nära förbunden med monarkins begrepp. Genom att göraThe aim of this thesis is to examine the historical origin of the head of state's legal immunity, which can be found in Chapter 5, Section 8 in the Swedish constitution. This immunity can be found in almost all modern constitutional monarchies, and legislative history and government inquiries have stated that one of the motives was that it was in close association with the concept of monarchy.

2018 infördes det andra betaltjänstdirektivet, PSD2. Direktivet har till syfte att skapa en harmoniserad och öppen betaltjänstmarknad, samt att stärka konsumentens roll på marknaden. I och med PSD2 utvidgades begreppet betaltjänst och omfattar nu betalningsinitieringstjänster och kontoinformationstjänster, samt leverantörer av dessa betaltjänster, så kallade tredjepartsleverantörer. Med PSD2 kom oIn 2018 the new payment service directive, PSD2, was implemented within the EU. The goals of the directive is to harmonize the payment service market and to strengthen the consumers role on the market. In the directive the definition of a payment service is extended to include two new types of services; Account Information Services and Payment Initiation Services, as well as the providers of these

The use of solar cells as a solution for different energy harvesting applications has seen a significant growth during the last few years. With recent advances in the power conversion efficiency and manufacturability of organic photovoltaic cells these systems can be made even cheaper and more available for consumers, opening up new ways for solar technology to be implemented into products. This p

Crisis in the financial sector have come to be a natural part of the economic cycles, as well as the compulsory regulatory measures that follow. These processes have been documented since the beginning of financial revolutions where the states and financial institutions are intertwined in an eternal dance ever since. Both external chocks and internal innovations can spark booms or busts. But how m

Barnkonventionens artikel 3 och 12 ger uttryck för två centrala principer inom barnrätten, vilka även är fastställda i andra svenska lagar som föräldrabalken och lagen med särskilda bestämmelser om vård av unga. Principen om barnets bästa innebär att vid samtliga åtgärder som rör barn ska barnets bästa vara avgörande. Vid denna bedömning ska varje barn få chansen att uttrycka sina åsikter, vilka sArticles 3 and 12 of the Convention on the Rights of the Child state two central principles regarding children’s rights. These are also established in other Swedish laws such as the Parental Code and the Swedish Care of Young Persons Act. Article 3 states that the child’s best interests must be decisive in all measures concerning children. Within this assessment, the children must be given the opp

Bumblebee abundance and diversity have been declining in the last few decades. Habitat change, mainly due to intensified agricultural practices, has been pointed out as the main driver in this process. Being central place foragers bumblebees are highly dependent on the landscape surrounding the nest and the resources available there. According to the optimal foraging theory bumblebee individuals i

Vad hände sedan? EN ALUMNUNDERSÖKNING AV STATSVETARE I YRKESLIVET 2 SLUTRAPPORT ALUMNEKÄT 2013 3SLUTRAPPORT ALUMNEKÄT 2013 1. Inledning Statsvetenskapliga institutionen inledde för några år sedan ett arbete med att synliggöra sambandet mellan våra utbildningar och studen- ternas framtida yrkesliv. Vi har på relativt kort tid byggt upp en av de största alumndatabaserna vid Lunds universitet, utveck

https://www.svet.lu.se/sites/svet.lu.se/files/vad-hande-sedan.pdf - 2026-07-20

Sedan 1950-talet har omfattningen av anståndsreglerna i skattelagstiftningen utökats och gjorts mindre och mindre restriktiva. Lagstiftaren har gång på gång uttalat en önskan om att utöka möjligheterna till anstånd för att bättre ta tillvara den enskildes intresse av att inte behöva betala felaktigt påförd skatt och gång på gång har reglerna visat sig tillämpas allt för restriktivt vilket i sin tu

This paper argues that expected utility theory for actions in chancy environments should be formulated in terms of centered chances. The subjective expected utility of an option A may be seen as a weighted sum of the utilities of A in different possible worlds, with weights being the credences that the agent assigns to these worlds. The utility of A in a given world is then definable as a weighted

Popular Abstract in Swedish Studiens övergripande mål är att beskriva olika användningar « seul » och « seulement », och att förklara dessa användningar inom en generativ ram. Efter första kapitlets introduktion presenteras ett antal tidigare studier i det andra och tredje kapitlet. Fjärde kapitlet redovisar ett empiriskt material med exempel på seul och seulement, tagna från dagspressen. Den empiThe overall aim of this study is to describe a number of different uses of the French "seul" and "seulement", and to account for the observed differences within a generative framework. After an introductory chapter, chapters two and three present a survey of earlier studies. The fourth chapter concerns an empirical study of authentic occurrences of "seul" and seulement", drawn from the press. The

Wheelchair-seated passengers on European and Swedish urban transit buses can travel rearwards, resting against a bulkhead, without the use of tiedown equipment. However, users sometimes disapprove of being the only passengers who have to travel rearwards, and also unrestrained. In order to investigate comfort and safety as perceived by wheelchair-seated bus passengers riding either forwards or rea