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Aim: To perform a model-based analysis of the short- and long-term health benefits and costs of further increased implementation of empagliflozin for people with type 2 diabetes and established cardiovascular disease (eCVD) in Sweden. Materials and Methods: The validated Institute for Health Economics Diabetes Cohort Model (IHE-DCM) was used to estimate health benefits and a 3-year budget impact,
As a result of climate change warmer temperatures are projected through the 21st century and are already increasing above modelled predictions. Apart from increases in the mean, warm/hot temperature extremes are expected to become more prevalent in the future, along with an increase in the frequency of droughts. It is crucial to better understand the response of terrestrial ecosystems to such temp
Patient organisations contribute to many areas of pharmaceutical policy. In developing their organisational capacity, many turn to financial support from pharmaceutical companies, which may create conflicts of interests. However, the transparency of the industry’s self-regulatory approach to the disclosure of payments to patient organisations has evaded scrutiny. Using company reports disclosing p
Members of the order Haemosporida are protist parasites that infect mammals, reptiles and birds. This group includes the causal agents of malaria, Plasmodium parasites, the genera Leucocytozoon and Fallisia, as well as the species rich genus Haemoproteus with its two subgenera Haemoproteus and Parahaemoproteus. Some species of Haemoproteus cause severe disease in avian hosts, and these parasites d
Reducing the prevalence of mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is essential to improve animal health and reduce economic losses for farmers. The clinical outcome of acute mastitis and risk of progression to persistent mastitis can, at least to some extent, be related to genetic variants of the strain causing the infection. In the present study we have used microarrays to investiga
This study addresses gender assignment in six North Scandinavian varieties with a three-gender system: Old Norse, Norwegian (Nynorsk), Old Swedish, Nysvenska, Jamtlandic, and Elfdalian. Focusing on gender variation and change, we investigate the role of various factors in gender change. Using the contemporary Swedish varieties Jamtlandic and Elfdalian as a basis, we compare gender assignment in ot
The MAX IV facility in Lund, Sweden consists of two storage rings for production of synchrotron radiation. The smaller 1.5 GeV ring is presently under construction, while the larger 3 GeV ring is being commissioned. Both rings will be operating with top-up injections from a full-energy injector. During injection, the electron beam is first delivered to the main injector from a thermionic pre-injec
Objective: Investigate effects of estrogen at gene expression and functional levels in vascular wall cells treated with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Materials and methods: Aortic segments from ovariectomized mice were treated with LPS for 24 h in the absence or presence of 17 beta-estradiol (E-2). Gene activity was determined by Affymetrix microarray analysis and real-time RTPCR. Adhesion o
Recombinant DNA technology has made it possible to produce specific Fab and scFv antibody (Ab) fragments in prokaryotic host cells. Using vectors designed for periplasmic expression of encoded Ab fragments, we have been studying how the sequence and genetic localization of the light chain (L-chain) variable region gene of a mouse Ab (CB-Nm.1) determined the level of Ab production. The variable reg
Genes encoding subunits of complex I (EC 1.6.5.3) of the mitochondrial respiratory chain vary in their locations between the mitochondrial and nuclear genomes in different organisms, whereas genes for a homologous multisubunit complex in chloroplasts have to date only been found on the plastid genome. In potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), the gene coding for the mitochondrial 76 kDa iron-sulphur prote
This essay explores how a critical reading of the novel The Grapes of Wrath (1939) can inform teachers when discussing inequality issues in the ESL classroom. The main questions being investigated are how the novel The Grapes of Wrath reveals oppressive and unequal power relationships, and how a critical reading of the novel can be used when teaching and informing others about inequality. In this
Our thesis examines how social services are portrayed and reviewed in media. We chose to focus on two cases from two different townships, brought to attention by a Swedish TV show called Uppdrag granskning during two different coverages. The cases are called “Mardrömmen” and “Processen”. These cases involve children and their families who have been in contact with social services regarding allegat
The purpose of this thesis was to explore the sustainability of a renewable village grid micro hydropower project in the Murung Raya district of Central Kalimantan Province, Indonesia, according to indicators for five dimensions of sustainability: economic, environmental, social, technical, and institutional. The theoretical discussion and subsequent analytical framework are rooted in dimensions o
Syftet med arbetet är att undersöka och analysera rättens prövning av medicinsk sakkunnigbevisning samt att utreda om denna prövning är rättssäker. Regler om sakkunnigbeviset återfinns i 40 kap. RB. Med en sakkunnig åsyftas i uppsatsen en person som besitter särskild fackkunskap och kan höras om denna i en rättegång. För att uppnå arbetets syfte används ett antal frågeställningar. Inledningsvis The objective of this bachelor thesis is to investigate and analyse the court’s evaluation of medical expert evidence and examine if the evaluation is legally secure. Expert evidence is regulated in the code of judicial procedure, in chapter 40. The thesis uses the term expert evidence to define a person who possesses expert knowledge and can be consulted by the court. The aim of the essay has b
Popularvetenskaplig sammanfattning: Storkprojektet i Skåne – nutid och framtid Den vita storken (Ciconia ciconia) har varit utdöd i Sverige sedan 1954. Orsaken till storkens försvinnande tros ha varit en kombination av utdikningar av våtmarker, ökad dödlighet samt en generellt nedåtgående trend hos storkpopulationerna i övriga Europa. Sedan 1989 pågår ett återintroduceringsförsök i Skåne. Genom Abstract: In 1954 the last breeding attempt by the White Stork (Ciconia ciconia) in Sweden failed and the species was declared extinct from the Swedish fauna. Reasons for the extinction are thought to be a combination of issues such as habitat conversion, increased mortality and an overall decline of the European White Stork populations. Since 1989 an ongoing reintroduc-tion programme for the Whi
Syftet med denna uppsats är att utreda det faktiska omfånget av BrB 6 kap. 10 § andra stycket vilket föreskriver straffansvar för sexuellt ofredande. Den som genom ord eller handling ofredar annan på ett sätt som kan anses ägnat att kränka den utsattes sexuella integritet träffas av bestämmelsen. Brottet sexuellt ofredande är subsidiärt till övriga sexualbrott och väcker många gränsdragningsfrågorThe purpose of this thesis is to investigate the scope of the 6th chapter, 10th paragraph of the Swedish Penal Code, which prescribes criminal liability for sexual abuse. Anyone who through word or deed abuses another person in a way that can be considered to be violating of the sexual integrity of the victim is performing a criminalized act. The offense of sexual abuse is subsidiary to other sexu
