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The use of electron probes for in situ imaging of solution phase systems has been a long held objective, largely driven by the prospect of atomic resolution of molecular structural dynamics relevant to chemistry and biology. Here, we present a nanofluidic sample cell with active feedback to maintain stable flow conditions for pathlengths varying from 45 nm to several 100 nm, over a useable viewing

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the test-retest reliability and the validity of the self-reported questionnaire Olerud-Molander Ankle Score (OMAS) in subjects after an ankle fracture. Methods: When evaluating the test-retest reliability of the OMAS, 42 subjects surgically treated due to an ankle fracture participated 12 months after injury. OMAS was completed by the patients on t

The electronic structure of strongly correlated systems is usually calculated by using an effective model Hamiltonian with a small number of states and an effective on-site interaction. The mode, however, neglects the frequency dependence of the interaction, which emerges as a result of dynamical screening processes not included in the model. The self-energy calculated in this kind of model within

Background: Women working in the public human service sector in 'overstrained' situations run the risk of musculoskeletal symptoms and long-term sick leave. In order to maintain the level of health and work ability and strengthen the potential resources for health, it is important that employees gain greater control over decisions and actions affecting their health - a process associated with the

Traditional, pre-industrial farming was adapted to the natural environment-topography, geology, hydrology, climate, and biota. Traditional land use systems are still to be traced in Scandinavia as an "infield/outland landscape", and in Japan as a "Satoyama landscape." There are obvious similarities and differences in land use-the main difference being that pasturing of cattle and sheep has been le

Efficient pretreatment is necessary to make the wood-to-ethanol process more feasible. In this study, chips of different sizes were impregnated with SO(2) and steam-pretreated. Dilute-acid pretreatment together with subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis resulted in solubilization of between 69% and 73% of the fermentable sugars (glucose and mannose) in the raw material for the combinations of impregnati

BACKGROUND: The two-gene expression ratio HOXB13:IL17BR has been proposed to predict the outcome of tamoxifen-treated breast cancer patients. We intended to examine whether this ratio can predict the benefit of 5 years vs. 2 years of tamoxifen treatment of postmenopausal patients. A further objective was to investigate any prognostic effects of the ratio in systematically untreated premenopausal p

The overall aim of the thesis was to investigate and explore job satisfaction, strain and stress of conscience (SC) among nurse assistants (NAs) working in residential care for older people. The thesis had a descriptive, cross-sectional and correlational design and consisted of one paper where qualitative methodology was used and three where quantitative methodology was used. The qualitative study

Here we report the first survey of galectin binding to glycoproteins of human serum. Serum was subjected to affinity chromatography using immobilized galectins, and the bound glycoproteins were analyzed by electrophoresis, Western blotting, and mass spectrometry. Galectins-3, -8 and -9 bound a much broader range of ligands in serum than previously known, galectin-1 bound less, and galectins-2, -4

Hormone-mediated maternal effects play an important role in the formation of a differentiated phenotype. They have been shown to influence a wide array of offspring traits, both early in life and in adulthood. One important offspring trait that is under the influence of maternal androgens is the immune system. In birds, a growing number of studies show that yolk androgens modulate immune function

Abstract For activity quantification based on planar scintillation camera measurements, photon attenuation is an important factor that needs to be corrected for in a patient- and organ-specific manner. One possibility for obtaining attenuation correction maps is to use X-ray CT scout images. Since the intensity of scout images is in relative numbers, their image values need to be multiplied by a f

Susceptibility Weighted Imaging is an MRI- and post-processing technique that utilize the phase information from the MR signal to enhance the contrast in areas with different susceptibility than surrounding tissue in T2*-weighted images. This technique is becoming more and more important as a clinical tool. Susceptibility-weighted imaging has been commercialized by Siemens Healthcare under the acr

Urbanization and Density in Zanzibar - Recommendations for Sustainable Urban Development from Swahili houses to low-rise multi-storey houses. The rapid urbanization process in Africa is a major challenge for politicians, urban planners and society in general. The archipelago of Zanzibar in Tanzania is in the middle of this process. Traditionally, low and middle income families live in Swahili hous