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Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a complex disease characterised by chronic hyperglycaemia. The effects of elevated glucose on global gene expression in combination with DNA methylation patterns have not yet been studied in human pancreatic islets. Our aim was to study the impact of 48 h exposure to high (19 mM) versus control (5.6 mM) glucose levels on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, ge
A commercially available NaI(Tl) based spectrometer-dosimeter has been used to separate contributions of the terrestrial radionuclides (238U series, 232Th series and 40K) and 137Cs to the total ambient dose equivalent rate (ADER), Ḣ*(10) , outdoors. The device had been initially calibrated by the manufacturer to measure: 1) the total ADER; 2) activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, 40K and ‘effec
Background: High levels of blood glucose are thought to be associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) and hyperinsulinemia, an interstage in the development of CRC. The purpose of this study was to examine associations between incident CRC and blood glucose; plasma insulin; and the homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA2-IR), respectively, and to determine whether these association
BACKGROUND: Many therapists practise PC6 acupuncture for emesis (nausea and vomiting) during pregnancy, different cancer therapies, palliative care, after surgery, or to induce relaxing effects in general. Knowledge of side effects is central to shared decision-making.AIM: To describe the type and frequency of side effects and the level of needle-induced pain during PC6 acupuncture.METHODS: We inc
Background: The New Approach Rivaroxaban Inhibition of Factor Xa in a Global Trial vs. ASA to Prevent Embolism in Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source (NAVIGATE-ESUS) trial is a randomized phase-III trial comparing rivaroxaban versus aspirin in patients with recent ESUS. Aims: We aimed to describe the baseline characteristics of this large ESUS cohort to explore relationships among key subgroups.
AIMS: Human α1-microglobulin (A1M) is an endogenous reductase and radical- and heme-binding protein with physiological antioxidant protective functions. Recombinant human A1M (rA1M) has been shown to have therapeutic properties in animal models of preeclampsia, a pregnancy disease associated with oxidative stress. Recombinant A1M, however, lacks glycosylation, and shows lower solubility and stabil
PURPOSE: Neurectomy of the inguinal nerves may be considered for selected refractory cases of chronic postherniorrhaphy inguinal pain (CPIP). There is to date a paucity of easily applicable clinical tools to identify neuropathic pain and examine the neurosensory effects of remedial surgery. The present quantitative sensory testing (QST) pilot study evaluates a sensory mapping technique.METHODS: Lo
Background: Viral infections, including COVID-19, are associated with an increased risk for type 1 diabetes (T1D), but potential underlying mechanisms remain unexplored. We evaluated whether COVID-19 or influenza A infection is characterized by differential DNA methylation at immune and T1D susceptibility genes in young children at risk for T1D. Methods: Epigenome-wide association analysis using t
Gross primary production (GPP) of the vegetation is the largest carbon exchange process of the global carbon cycle. Currently, within satellite-based remote sensing, GPP is generally modelled using linear light use efficiency models where GPP is related to photosynthetically active radiation absorbed by the green vegetation (APAR). These models work well on moderate to low spatiotemporal averaging
The increased demand, driven by a growing population and changing dietary habits, has created immense pressure on agroecosystems throughout the globe. In semi-arid areas, this increased pressure has led to excessive use of agrochemicals in agriculture, which poses a threat of potentially toxic metal (PTM) contamination in agricultural soils. PTMs in agricultural soils result in significant environ
More than 21 million tons of cheese whey are produced annually worldwide, posing an environmental risk if not properly managed. Due to widespread lactose intolerance, cheese whey, which contains lactose, can pose health problems for many individuals. Thus, the management of the cheese whey is necessary to avoid environmental and health problems. This study presents a sustainable approach for whey
Background: A wrist-worn wearable device for acquiring limb and chest ECG leads (wECG) may constitute a promising approach to detection of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, it remains to be demonstrated whether the information conveyed by the wECG is sufficient for AMI detection. Objective: To explore explainable machine learning models for detecting AMI using the wECG. Methods: Two type
In recent years, the environmental impact of warfare has made front-page news. Discussions about “ecocide”—a term first proposed in 1970 by Yale biologist Arthur W. Galston to describe the large-scale destruction of ecosystems during the Vietnam War—have come into the spotlight. The preparation and conduct of war, along with the social, economic, and scientific reorganisation that accompany it, of
The Velika Vrbica loess-palaeosol sequence, situated on the south-western bank of the Danube River in northeastern Serbia, represents one of the key Quaternary records in the lower Danube basin, covering the MIS 5-MIS 1 period. Previous investigations of the upper 500 cm established a high-resolution chronology and revealed unexpected patterns of dust accumulation during interstadial phases. In th
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) include many types of organic compounds, such as alkanes, olefins, aldehydes, etc. They have attracted widespread attention in various fields such as food and flavor analysis, environmental and atmospheric research, safety, or healthcare. Developing efficient, practical, and high-value industrial VOC utilization technologies is crucial for sustainable social and h
Despite the importance of mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM) in long-term soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) persistence, and the significant contribution of fungal necromass to this pool, the factors controlling the formation of fungal-derived MAOM remain unclear. This study investigated how fungal necromass chemistry, specifically melanin, interacts with soil mineral properties and microbial
This study inventories, classifies, and evaluates the hydrological heritage of North Macedonia, categorizing key features into four main groups: (1) river basins, including rivers and waterfalls; (2) springs, classified as karst and thermal; (3) natural lakes, subdivided into tectonic, glacial, landslide, denudation, and karst types; and (4) marshes. Recent measurements have shown a significant de
The effects of high hydrostatic pressure (up to 8 kbar) on bacteriochlorophyll a Qy electronic absorption bands of LH2 photosynthetic antenna complexes have been studied at ambient temperature. A variety of samples were studied, including intact membranes and isolated complexes from wild type and mutant photosynthetic bacteria Rhodobacter sphaeroides, Rhodopseudomonas acidophila, and Rhodospirillu
