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To improve the accuracy and transferability of molecular mechanics force fields, one needs a simple physical description of intermolecular polarization based on quantum chemistry. Ideally, in the quantum-chemical description, each molecule is treated separately and the interactions with other molecules are included as a perturbation. We propose a simple formulation of this perturbation, viz. to mo

HLA DR4-DQ8 and DR3-DQ2 haplotypes account for 89% of newly diagnosed cases of type 1 diabetes (T1D) in Sweden. The presence of a single copy of DQ6 confers protection. The aim of the present study is to evaluate whether the risk conferred by high risk HLA DR and DQ to T1D is similar in all regions of Sweden and see whether there are any significant regional differences. The subjects comprised 799

The quality of powder is determined by its functionality such as dissolution, encapsulation and flowability. The functionality of powder is in turn determined by their primary properties such as morphology and composition which need to be studied. Hence morphology and surface composition has been largely investigated in spray dried powders and individually dried particles. On the contrary, there i

The post-war years were a time of expansion in Swedish publishing. The economy was growing, people became better educated, the rise of a large middle-class meant new costumers, new publishing and sales strategies added to the increasing market, and overall there was higher sales, more titles published and more people reading. Despite the success story there has been hardly any research done on the

Popular Abstract in Swedish Hemolytiskt uremiskt syndrom (HUS) är den vanligaste orsaken till njursvikt bland barn i västvärlden. HUS kännetecknas av hemolytisk anemi (sönderfall av och brist på röda blodkroppar), trombocytopeni (brist på blodplättar) och akut njursvikt. Den vanligaste formen av sjukdomen, typisk HUS orsakas av Shigatoxinproducerande bakterier, främst olika stammar av EscherichiThis thesis addressed the diagnosis, pathogenesis and clinical course of specific renal diseases hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) and dense deposit disease (DDD). HUS may be associated with infection caused by Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) or with complement dysfunction due to complement mutations or auto-antibodies (atypical HUS, aHUS). EHEC is a non-invasive highly virulent bacterium

Individual metering and charging (IMC) allows energy costs to be apportioned among tenants in multi-apartment buildings based on their own energy use. This can result in reduced energy use due to an increased saving behaviour by tenants, which has caught the attention of the European Parliament. In the EU-directive 2012/27/EU there is a requirement for IMC to be installed by December 31, 2016 in m

Eiglera flavida and Epilichen scabrosus should be deleted from the Danish checklist. The collections of Caloplaca citrina are revised and most of them referred to C. flavocitrina. Amandinea pelidna, Arthonia peltigerae, A. phaeophysciae, Caloplaca britannica, C. polycarpa, Clauzadea metzleri, Cyphelium karelicum, Dendrophoma lecanorae, Didymellopsis collematum, Endococcus protoblasteniae, Ephebe p

The article analyses how Islam, traditions and modernity are socially negotiated and reconstructed in the Arab Gulf states under the influence of globalization and new communication technologies. Although these concepts are subjected to 'reifications', they are important in the official rhetoric for the legitimization of political power. The author bases her study on conventional anthropological f

Objective: Evaluation of colposcopic and histopathological findings in women screened for cervical human papillomavirus deoxyribonucleic acid persistence. Study design: A total of 12527 women, aged 32 to 38 years old, attending the population-based cervical cancer screening program in Sweden were randomized 1:1 to mock testing or human papillomavirus deoxyribonucleic acid testing by general primer

The role of electrostatic interactions in the assembly of a native protein structure was studied using fragment complementation. Contributions of salt, pH, or surface charges to the kinetics and equilibrium of calbindin D-9k reconstitution was measured in the presence of Ca2+ using surface plasmon resonance and isothermal titration calorimetry. Whereas surface charge substitutions primarily affect

Long-term time series of hydrogen chloride (HCl) and chlorine nitrate (ClONO2) total column abundances has been retrieved from high spectral resolution ground-based solar absorption spectra recorded with infrared Fourier transform spectrometers at nine NDSC (Network for the Detection of Stratospheric Change) sites in both Northern and Southern Hemispheres. The data sets span up to 24 years and mos

One of the central questions in theoretical particle physics, since already several decades, has been that of "masses and mixings of the quarks. With the entry of neutrino oscillations into the field, the issue of lepton masses has added a new dimension to the problem. In the literature one finds many models of quark and lepton mass matrices. However, the mass and mixing problems remain unsolved.

AV Nodal Duality and Concealment. Introduction: Both concealed conduction and dual pathway physiology are important electrophysiologic characteristics of the AV node. The interaction of AV nodal concealment and duality, however, is not clearly understood. Methods and Results: The properties of AV conduction curves in the presence and absence of a conditioning blocked impulse were prospectively stu

Population fluctuations may occur in synchrony among several rodent species at a given site, and they may occur in synchrony over large geographical areas. We summarize information on synchrony in lemmings and voles from the Canadian Arctic for the past 20 years. The most detailed available information is from the central Canadian Arctic, where snap-trap samples have been taken annually at several

The authors studied the association between female and male alcohol intakes at the time of conception and the risk of spontaneous abortion, including early pregnancy loss detected by urinary human chorionic gonadotropin. After a nationwide mailing to about 50,000 members of four trade unions in Denmark in 1992-1994, 430 couples without previous pregnancy attempts were enrolled when birth control w