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The infrastructure for the third generation of mobile telephony, UMTS, is under construction in Sweden. Within three years four operators were to build competing systems to cover 99,98 % of the population. The case of the 3G infrastructure illustrates how sustainability issues are handled in planning and environmental management, with conflicting goals between institutional levels and contradict

In the cinemas of small European nations, infrastructural support systems aimed at endorsing and strengthening audiovisual production, tend to play an increasingly pivotal role. Since additional systems have been added, with the intent to, for instance, encourage co-production or to attract filming and post-production work to assorted places – and always coming with various provisions attached – o

Water and salt mass balances for the Dead Sea were modeled. Precipitation, evaporation, river discharges, ground water flows, input/output from potash companies and salt production, and brine discharge were included in the models. The mixing time in the Dead Sea was modeled using a single-layer (well-mixed) atwo-layer (stratified) system.Using the single-layer approach the water level was predicte

Aims: Infectious complications frequently occur in intensive care unit patients admitted after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. There is debate on the effects of temperature management on the incidence of infections, as well as on the efficacy and choice of antibiotic prophylaxis. In this substudy of the targeted temperature management (TTM) trial, we describe the microbiological profile of infecti

Background: Hosts are often simultaneously infected with several parasite species. These co-infections can lead to within-host interactions of parasites, including mutualism and competition, which may affect both virulence and transmission. Birds are frequently co-infected with different haemosporidian parasites, but very little is known about if and how these parasites interact in natural host po

This text discusses the transformations of the Katyn memorial site near Smolensk in western Russia, where, in 1940, the mass murder of more than 4,000 Polish military officers who were prisoners of war occurred. After the Soviet Union’s admission of guilt in 1990, it seemed for two decades that Katyn could also serve as a place for mutual reconciliation between post-communist Poland and post-Sovie

In upholstery applications, it is common to use polyurethane (PUR) foam when flexibility is desired. However, as PUR is a carbon-based material produced using toxic isocyanates, it is environmentally beneficial to replace PUR with bio-based alternatives. The challenge, however, lies in finding suitable bio-based replacement materials, capable of mimicking the foam-like functionality of PUR since m

IntroductionAn important hallmark of cancer is escaping the immune system. Despite advances in immunotherapy, only a subset of patients experiences clinical benefits. It was shown that adoptive T cell or checkpoint inhibition therapy rely on the presence of conventional dendritic cells type 1 (cDC1). cDC1 excel in recruiting and priming protective CD8+ T cells through cross-presentation. However,

I Sverige kommer ungefär 2-3 % av befolkningen någon gång att drabbas av paniksyndrom med eller utan agorafobi (PS/A), ett tillstånd som består av plötsliga, oväntade panikattacker som följs av ihållande rädsla för nya attacker och/eller betydande livsstilsförändringar. PS/A debuterar oftast i slutet av tonåren eller i tidig vuxenålder och ger om den förblir obehandlad ofta kroniska psykiska besväApproximately 2-3% of adults in Sweden will experience unexpected panic attacks that cause them to develop fears of future attacks and to alter their lives, defined as Panic Disorder with or without Agoraphobia (PD/A). The condition often onsets in late adolescence or early adulthood, with high levels of psychiatric comorbidity, social difficulties, diminished study and work ability, an elevated r

Targeted temperature management (TTM) may moderate the injury from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Slowing the metabolism has been a suggested effect. Nevertheless, studies have found higher lactate levels in patients cooled to 33°C compared with 36°C even days from TTM cessation. Larger studies have not been performed on the TTM's effect on the metabolome. Accordingly, to explore the effect of TT

Background: Chronic breathlessness adversely impacts people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and their caregivers (family and friends), who may, in turn, experience significant burden due to their caregiving role. Sustained-release morphine may reduce chronic breathlessness in some patients, which may have an impact on caregivers’ perceived burden. Aim: To explore the impact on caregiver

This paper describes a general picture of efforts to provide women with equal opportunity both on a national political level, and within academia. A report of recent activities within the newly formed National Division for Women in Physics within the Swedish Physical Society is also given

Recent years have brought new directionality to university’s work with innovation – increasing the focus on addressing societal challenges and contributing to much broader frames for impact. Working with complex challenges, where no one actor can do everything by themselves, requires collaboration across actor groups (private sector, academia, public sector, civil society), industrial sectors, dis

Introduction: A subgroup of severe Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) patients, known as ultra-severe (us-TBI), is most commonly defined as a post-resuscitation Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) of 3–5. There is uncertainty on whether these critically injured patients can benefit from neurosurgical intervention. Research question: The available evidence regarding the decision-making and outcome following managem

This chapter provides an overview of the different optical sectioning methods that enable performing three dimensional (3D) imaging of possibly complex samples. It discusses their benefits and limitations regarding their penetration depth, their imaging speed, their photo-toxic effect or their complexity. Focusing on fluorescence imaging, the chapter dives into approaches that make it possible to

Introduction: Divers are reported to have a lower ventilatory response to elevated levels of carbon dioxide (CO₂) than non-divers. Hypoventilation with CO₂ retention during diving is potentially dangerous. It is unknown if CO₂ retention is largely inherited or develops during diving training. We aimed to investigate if a military dive training course would influence the ventilatory response to CO₂

Introduction: Using time-limited trials of low-dose, sustained-release morphine to reduce chronic breathlessness to evaluate net effects may generate opioid withdrawal symptoms if medication is ceased. This sub-study of a larger randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial aimed to evaluate if this occurred. Methods: People with modified Medical Research Council breathlessness scores of 3 or