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Popular Abstract in Swedish Bakgrund Kroniskt obstruktiv lungsjukdom (KOL) är en vanlig orsak till död världen över och dödligheten ökar främst bland kvinnor. Patienter med kronisk syrebrist på grund av KOL behandlas med hemsyrgas (LTOT), men har mycket hög dödlighet. Kunskapen är idag bristfällig kring könsskillnader och tidstrender i dödlighet och dödsorsaker, betydelsen av andra sjukdomar (samsBackground Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major and rising cause of mortality worldwide, especially in women. Patients with chronic hypoxia owing to COPD are treated with long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) but have high morbidity and mortality. Knowledge is limited on sex-related differences and time trends in mortality, effects of comorbidity on mortality and whether cardiovascula

In this paper we propose a scheme for test planning and test access mechanism (TAM) design for stacked integrated circuits (SICs) that are designed in a core-based manner. Our scheme minimizes the test cost, which is given as the weighted sum of the test time and the TAM width. The test cost is evaluated for a test flow that consists of a wafer sort test of each individual chip and a package test

The field of tissue engineering has a growing need for suitable scaffold materials to become attractive as a clinical therapy. To use a completely autologous construct to repair a damaged or diseased tissue is an appealing thought. As a model system, two types of scaffolds were prepared from biological fluids: blood and plasma. The prepared scaffolds formed a macroporous structure with elastic mec

For vehicles using grid power to charge the battery, traction circuit components are not normally engaged during the charging time, so there is a possibility to use them in the charger circuit to have an on-board integrated motor drive and battery charger. An isolated high-power three-phase integrated motor drive and charger based on a split-phase permanent magnet motor is presented in this paper.

The philosophy of social science is today, from the perspective of the scientists themselves, dominated by the notions of quantitative and qualitative research. Social scientists make distinctions between a wide range of different aspects of research in terms of what is quantitative and qualitative. The purpose of this paper is to integrate these distinctions into a useful conceptualization. First

The biotechnology industry is an evolving sector of this century having potential to significantly influence our lives. It has unidentified potentials to contribute to sustainable development, but is also feared by society for its possible known and unknown impacts. Amplified transparency brought about by media, new concerns and expectations of society towards business as well as social criteria a

The importance of gender differences during conflict and peace-building have raised as a specific area of study both in the academy as well as among global institutions such as the UN. Among those, there is almost a pre-assumption that strengthening women's movements is positive for a peaceful and just solution. However, they fail to address the complex relationships between the conflicting pa

OBJECTIVES: The National Board of Health and Welfare in Sweden published the national guidelines for Parkinson's Disease 2016. The aim of this study was to summarize this evidence review and development of the guidelines, focusing on the economic evaluation of device-aided therapies (deep brain stimulation, pump-based infusion of levodopa-carbidopa intestinal gel or apomorphine) for Parkinson's di

Objectives: This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows:. To determine the effects of systemic opioid analgesics in neonates (term or preterm) undergoing surgery, on mortality, pain and major neurodevelopmental disability, compared to placebo or no drug, non-pharmacological intervention, other opioids, or other analgesics or sedatives.

Much contemporary critical infrastructure research has been devoted to studies of the effects of risks stemming from interdependencies between critical infrastructures, here referred to as interdependency-related risks. However, this research has placed limited emphasis on infrastructure actors’ efforts to manage such risks in practice, and it remains unclear to what extent and how critical infras

The analysis of the verb phrase poses interesting problems. This paper suggests a binary solution where the auxiliary is treated as one constituent and the main verb complex as another. Auxiliaries are thus not treated as main verbs as was suggested by Ross 1967 (and followed in the first version of Referent Grammar, Sigurd 1987). The auxiliary may be lacking (latent, empty), in which case the mai

The emergence of fourth-generation synchrotrons is prompting the development of new systems for experimental control and data acquisition. However, as general control systems are designed to cover a wide set of instruments and techniques, they tend to become large and complicated, at the cost of experimental flexibility. Here we present Contrast, a simple Python framework for interacting with beam

The present study aimed to model reconnaissance drought index (RDI) time series at three various time scales (i.e., RDI-6, RDI-9, RDI-12). Two weather stations located at Iran, namely Tehran and Dezful, were selected as the case study. First, support vector regression (SVR) was utilized as the standalone modeling technique. Then, hybrid models were implemented via coupling the standalone SVR with

We propose a new model that estimates the long- and short-run components of the variances and covariances. The advantage of our model to the existing DCC-based models is that it uses the same form for both the variances and covariances and estimates these moments simultaneously. We apply this model to obtain long- and short-run factor betas for industry test portfolios. We find that the risk premi

Purpose: Distal cholangiocarcinoma and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma are malignancies with poor prognoses that can be difficult to distinguish preoperatively. Thrombospondin-2 has been proposed as a novel diagnostic biomarker for early pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. The aim of the present study was to evaluate thrombospondin-2 as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in combination with curr

This article seeks to provide a new analytical framework based on factor endowments to understand growth in rural economies without structural transformation. More concretely, it explores the variation in farmers’ ability to respond to new commercial opportunities. To complement the extensive literature on the economic and institutional effects of factor endowments, this paper revisits two influen