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Background: Mechanical ventilation (MV) can induce or exacerbate ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI), particularly in mechanically heterogeneous lungs with pre-existing injury. Methods: We investigated VILI in a rat model of bleomycin-induced lung injury and compared it with healthy controls using a combined in-vivo and ex-vivo imaging approach. Previously acquired in-vivo data from four-dimensi

In this work, we investigate the application of Barnes–Wall lattices in post-quantum cryptographic schemes. We survey and analyze several constructions of Barnes–Wall lattices, including subgroup chains, the generalized k-ing construction, and connections with Reed-Muller codes, highlighting their equivalence over both Z[i] and Z. Building on these structural insights, we introduce a new algorithm

BACKGROUND: Within most academic sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) curricula, topics considered sensitive within the broader social context are frequently addressed. To gain a better understanding of how active learning can be promoted in education about potentially sensitive topics, this study aimed to explore the experiences of active learning among an international student cohort

Introduction: Testicular germ cell cancer (TGCC) is hypothesized to originate from disruptions of fetal testis development, potentially caused by environmental chemicals. One potential risk factor is 4-hydroxychlorothalonil (4-OH-CHT), a primary transformation product of fungicide chlorothalonil, which is banned across the European Union. Objective: To investigate maternal serum 4-OH-CHT concentra

Eye-height is a reliable metric that help us scaling the surrounding world, understanding objects’ dimensions, how they move, and their distance from us. Previous studies have shown that inaccuracies in how people perceive their own eye-height can lead to significant errors in spatial estimation within immersive virtual reality (IVR). This study investigated how the visual context influences peopl

Background Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a heterogenous disease with challenging prognosis despite clinical improvements in the last years. The tumor-microenvironment (TME) is a major factor with many cell types involved as well as distinct spatial organization. We assessed the global immune landscape and spatial architecture of excluded immune cell types within the stroma of NSCLC tissues

Objective To identify risk factors for dispensed opioid prescriptions after benign hysterectomy. Design A nationwide register-based cohort study including 50,601 hysterectomies with complete data from the Swedish National Quality Register for Gynecological Surgery (GynOp). Data were linked to the Swedish National Drug Register, the National Patient Register, and Statistics Sweden. Logistic regress

Background: Aerosol therapy is commonly performed during invasive mechanical ventilation. Although heated humidification is standard practice, studies suggest that humidity can reduce the delivered dose. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether the delivered dose can be increased by decoupling humidity control from heating during aerosol drug delivery. Methods: In a bench study setup, albute

AIRs have emerged as climate adaptation technologies to cope with seasonal water scarcity in the changing cryospheric environments of Ladakh. In the era of climate change, it is important to study technologies promoted as climate adaptation solutions to uncover how they relate to the needs of communities and existing power relations. Taking AIRs in Ladakh as a case, this study uses qualitative met

Understanding the conditions for peak coal electricity, encompassing peak coal capacity and generation, is relevant for coal-dependent emerging economies yet has received limited attention in the decarbonisation literature. Emerging economies need to reach peak coal amid rapidly growing electricity demand, whereas historical cases of peak coal electricity occurred under stable demand conditions. T

Background Early recognition of emerging heart failure prior to diagnosis could offer an opportunity for prevention-focused care, but it remains unclear whether healthcare seeking patterns before diagnosis indicate an earlier window for intervention. The objective was to determine if changes in utilization appeared during the 12-week pre-diagnosis period preceding a first diagnosis of heart failur

Life stories are widely promoted in person-centred dementia care as tools to preserve the identity of the ‘person behind the dementia’. However, as cognitive decline progresses, staff often face dilemmas when current expressions of preference appear to contradict a person's documented past, for example, a devout Muslim requesting pork or a lifelong teetotaller showing interest in alcohol. The aim

The Parameter Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) method freezes the original pre-trained model parameters and introduces a small number of trainable parameters from Adapter or LoRA to adapt models to downstream tasks. Current PEFT methods mainly enhance LLMs’ cross-task generalization through rigid pruning and global pruning strategies. However, these approaches suffer from coarse-grained adaptation and

Branched polycations such as poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers have been extensively investigated for applications including drug delivery and gene transfection, where phosphate-buffered solutions are commonly employed to maintain pH. Experimental and simulation studies have reported phosphate accumulation around PAMAM and attributed it, at least in part, to phosphate-specific interactions. Here

Maritime decarbonization is not only a technical task; it is also a governance challenge. This chapter argues that decarbonization measures are more likely to be durable when those most affected can meaningfully influence how the transition is shaped. It first outlines the legal framework for regulating shipping emissions under UNCLOS, the international climate regime, and the IMO’s work through M

Maritime decarbonisation is often framed as a techno-economic challenge, with most efforts toward a green future focusing on reducing the sector’s carbon output. There is no shortage of innovation in this regard, and the drive to make the transition happen is strong: the process demands the development of cleaner fuel alternatives and the advancement of propulsion system engineering, complemented

This study critically depicts the position on culpa in contrahendo in European private international law. The critical description is based on a conceptual analysis of culpa in contrahendo: first, the conceptual elements and the legal character of culpa in contrahendo are determined in consideration of the differences between the national legal systems and, more broadly, between the two main legal