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Aktieägaravtal är mycket vanligt förekommande i svenska privata aktiebolag. Avtalsformen är sprungen ur det praktiska rättslivet och saknar legaldefinition. Avtalen ger aktieägare möjlighet att värna om ägarintressen som avviker från ABLs värdemonistiska syn på aktiebolag som kapitalassociationer med rent vinstmaximeringssyfte. Det utbredda användandet av aktieägaravtal blottlägger den diskrepans Shareholder agreements are commonly used in Swedish limited companies. This is a type of contract that has evolved without any involvement from the legislator, and therefore lacks a legal definition. The contracts allow for the protection of shareholders' interests when they deviate from the monistic notion of the Swedish Companies Act, which states that limited companies are pure capitalist f

Ett omdebatterat ämne inom svensk rätt är på vilket sätt de så kallade utnyttjandefallen, då gärningsmannen utnyttjat att en person befunnit sig i en särskilt utsatt situation (tidigare hjälplöst tillstånd), regleras i svensk rätt. Frågan huruvida den svenska, tvångsbaserade våldtäktslagstiftningen ger ett heltäckande skydd i dessa situationer, eller om en samtyckesreglering bör införas har diskutA heavily disputed area of Swedish law is how legislation shall regulate the situation where a sexual offender has taken advantage of a victim’s especially vulnerable position (earlier helpless condition). The question concerning the Swedish rape legislation is today of a force-based kind and it has been argued whether such legislation can offer a complete protection in such situations or whether

Environmental peacebuilding has emerged as an interdisciplinary field that integrates environmental governance with conflict resolution and post-conflict recovery. This chapter argues that this emerging field should be understood as a new paradigm in international law in two respects. First, it is a paradigm of legal ordering. In the absence of a single coherent regime for post-conflict environmen

This study advances a broad analytical perspective intended to critically evaluate the predominant definitions of information operations (IO). The prevalent concepts of IO are challenged due to their reliance on unidirectional communication flow models that cannot account for the characteristics of produsage media, nor the culturally specific, interpersonally contextualized sense making processes

Under de senaste årtiondena har det skett en ökning av antalet anmälda sexualbrott, inte minst sexuella ofredanden. Därtill synliggjorde #metoo- rörelsen omfattningen av mäns sexuella våld mot kvinnor och gav nytt bränsle åt diskussionen om rättvisa för brottsoffer. Arbetet skrivs i ljuset av denna utveckling och syftar till att undersöka hur många anmälningar om sexuella ofredanden som leder tiIn recent decades, there has been an increase in the number of reported sexual offences in Sweden, including sexual molestation. Additionally, the #metoo movement highlighted the extent of men's sexual violence against women and created momentum for the debate on justice for victims. Considering these developments, this study aims to examine how many reports of sexual molestation result in a

Background This study was conducted at a business unit at the Company, a leading global consumer goods company based in Europe, working in an increasingly hostile environment due to market deregulation and international competition. The business unit was recently separated from previously being integrated in other units and now have high targets to meet. To reach these targets, the rate of innovat

The 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), adopted in 2015, aim to engage the planet into general efforts to end all forms of poverty, fight inequalities and tackle climate change worldwide. It consists in an original attempt to engage all groups and individuals by setting targets to be met over the incoming 15 years. One of the biggest innovations of the SDGs has been the consideration of the p

Today world’s cities are in a state of flux exhibiting complex dynamics and at the core of sustainability challenges including climate change and urbanization. At the same time cities have been acknowledged as agents of change when it comes to addressing these challenges. The urgency to address these problems has triggered cities to find smarter and innovative ways to deal with these challenges. C

Straffvärdet intar en central position inom det svenska straffsystemet. Det abstrakta värdet, eller straffskalan, ger en utgångspunkt för beräkningen av straffvärde. Med denna av lagstiftaren fastställda ram som bakgrund ska domstolen i nästa steg, i ljuset av försvårande och förmildrande omständigheter, bedöma en specifik gärnings konkreta straffvärde. Av avgörande betydelse för bedömningen är dePenal value occupies a central position in the Swedish penal system. The abstract value, or range of punishment, provides a basis for the calculation of the penalty. With this frame of legislation established, the court will in the next step assess a specific perpetrators concrete penalty. The assessment of the specific penalty amount will be made in light of how aggravating and mitigating the cir

An object in an external magnetic field will be magnetized and the degree of magnetization is dependent of the magnetic susceptibility of the object. The local magnetic field inside and around an object in the MR scanner will change due to the magnetization of the object. The phase shift is proportional to the local magnetic field, which means that phase images hold information about the susceptib

Personal på sjukhusavdelningar upplever ett antal problem kopplade till administrativa uppgifter. Bland dessa problem ingår att behöva dokumentera samma information i flera system, samt svårigheter vid överlämningar mellan skift. Den nuvarande produkten Pulstavlan, utvecklad av Stretch Care AB, har som mål att lösa dessa problem. Pulstavlan är dock stationär och möjliggör därför inte för vårdpersoStaff in hospital wards experience a number of issues related to administrative tasks. These problems include needing to document the same information in multiple systems, and difficulties in shift handovers between staff members. The existing product Pulstavlan, developed by Stretch Care AB, aims to solve these issues. However, as the product is stationary, it does not enable staff to bring the i

Delningsekonomins framväxt under de senaste decennierna är en effekt av digitaliseringen, vilket har fört med sig att arbete via digitala plattformar har tagit plats på arbetsmarknaden. Plattformsarbete kan se ut på många olika sätt beroende på plattformens affärsmodell och denna utveckling har lett till att plattformarnas arbetare har hamnat i en position där det är otydligt om de tillhör kategorThe development of the sharing economy that has taken place in recent decades is an effect of digitalisation, which has led to work being supplied through digital platforms having taken place in the labour market. Platform work can look different in many ways depending on the platform's business model and this development has led the platform's workers to be in a position where it is uncle

Uppehållstillstånd i Sverige kan ges bl.a. på grund av familjeanknytning. Ett av de grundläggande kraven för att uppehållstillstånd på grund av familjeanknytning ska beviljas är kravet på styrkt identitet. Den sökande styrker sin identitet på ett godtagbart sätt, som utgångspunkt genom att uppvisa ett hemlandspass eller annan fotoförsedd identitetshandling utfärdad i hemlandet. Kravet på styrkt idA residence permit in Sweden can be granted for family reunification. In order to obtain a residence permit on the grounds of family ties the applicant must be able to prove his or hers identity. The applicant usually proves his or hers identity with an approved passport or, in some cases, with another type of identity document provided with a picture of the person in question. The requirement of

In parallel with the changes observed in the world of work, the scope of occupational health and safety should be understood in a way that encompasses psychosocial risks. This necessity stems from the principle that occupational health and safety should be dealt with through a dynamic approach and finds itself a place in the national and international legal order. The scope of this thesis in terms

Type 1 diabetes, formerly known as juvenile diabetes or insulin-dependent diabetes, results from the specific autoimmune destruction of the pancreatic islet beta cells. The subsequent loss of insulin leads to increased blood and urine glucose. The classical symptoms are polyuria (frequent urination), polydipsia (increased thirst), polyphagia (increased hunger), and weight loss. The disease may be

När forskare blickar ut i universum ser de överallt spåren av en stor mängd osynlig massa. Massan finns där men det går inte att se den. Ungefär 80% av all massa i universum beräknas bestå av denna "mörka materia". Det är som att mänskligheten står på stranden och blickar ut över havet utan att veta vad vatten är. I partikelfysik studeras universums minsta beståndsdelar, elementarpartiklarna, för The high event rate delivered by the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) provides experiments with opportunities for new discoveries as well as challenges related to the large amounts of data recorded. Overcoming this requires innovative techniques in the three topics of this thesis: Data acquisition, data analysis, and data compression.In the data taking period of 2015-2018, the ATLAS experiment received

Abstract Screening LCA has been used to gain further insight into the environmental performance of Gambrosol Trio, a fluid used in Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) as a form of renal therapy. Gambrosol Trio (Trio) is produced and commercialised by Gambro AB, an international company with headquarters in Stockholm and historic roots in Lund, Sweden. The product's distinctive cha

The new Discrimination Act (2008:567) entered into force on 1 January 2009 and it is now illegal to discriminate a person based on age in Sweden. Earlier discrimination legislation had no rules regarding age but following the implementation of Directive 2000/78/EC Employment Framework came a comprehensive legislation on discrimination which contained the ban against discrimination on grounds of ag

This research is to investigate and analyse an identity formation of an immigrant group in a host country. The author would like to understand immigrants’ identities as a diaspora community, by focusing on Turkish community in Sweden and identification process in terms of personal and collective identities, using the diaspora as a ground theory with semi-structured individual interviews in which n

Last year’s demographical changes and times of internationalization and also individualization have led to changes in the way welfare services are delivered. More specifically there have been changes made within social care and health care. The new times that have led to privatization has also increased the amount of service providers. Within elderly care, this is not an exception. Waves of New Pu