Filtyp
The possibility that detected substructures in protoplanetary disks, such as gaps, rings and cavities, are created by distant protoplanets has prompted an inquiry into the mechanism responsible for their formation. These wide-orbit young bodies are likely to form relatively rapidly in the outer regions of circumstellar disks. Pebble accretion is considered a promising candidate to explain their fo
Popular Abstract in Swedish Tekniken för vitreoretinal kirurgi har utvecklats betydligt de senaste åren, både vad gäller metodik och instrumentering. Allt fler sjukdomstillstånd i näthinnan kan nu behandlas. För att utveckla dessa metoder vidare, och även öka kunskapen bakom verkningsmekanismen för deras effektivitet, är standardiserade djurmodeller där både funktion och histologi kan utvärderas aThe field of vitreoretinal surgery has expanded greatly over the last decades. A continuous refinement of surgical methods and instruments has increased the number of treatable retinal disorders. Vitrectomy, retinectomy and laser treatment are all part of the modern surgical arsenal. In order to further develop and refine these methods, and also to improve the knowledge of the mechanisms behind th
Popular Abstract in Swedish Kritiskt sjuka patienter på intensivvårdsavdelningar (IVA) har ofta störningar i blodets levringsförmåga (koagulation). Kliniska tecken som blodpropp (djup ventrombos eller blodpropp i lungorna) och/eller blödning kan vara resultatet av aktivering och konsumtion av koagulationsfaktorer och koagulationshämmare. Disseminerad intravaskulär koagulation (DIC, som är en samtiCritically ill patients in intensive care units (ICU) often have coagulation disturbances. Clinical manifestations such as thromboembolism and/or bleeding may result from activation and consumption of coagulation factors and inhibitors. Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a severe condition with an often-poor prognosis. Global haemostatic tests are inexpensive, widely available, and ma
Popular Abstract in Swedish Dagens industriella system är inte långsiktigt hållbara. För detta behövs bland annat fundamentala förändringar av hur samhällets resurser används. Detta gäller den totala volymen som förbrukas men också vilka ämnen som sätts i omlopp i samhället. Därutöver behövs ett mer rättvist utnyttjande av dessa resurser. Industriell ekologi är den vetenskap som studerar de förändToday's industrial systems are regarded to have unsustainable characteristics. In order to acquire a more sustainable state, fundamental changes are needed in the qualitative and quantitative aspects of the resource flows associated with such systems. These need to go hand in hand with a more equitable distribution of the benefits and burdens associated with such resource use. The identification a
The issue of understanding how electrical and mechanical systems work and how the components interact is not a trivial issue for most people. To help students understand these systems and thereby increase the knowledge for the future engineers, educational computer games may act as an important learning platform. This project aims at aiding students in their effort to reach knowledge in the area o
With near stagnant growth in most mature car markets, much of the attention of the world´s car industry has during recent years turned to China. The Chinese car market represents an important business opportunity for OEMs and dealers who want to keep growing and making profits. Initially, the focus of OEMs was mainly on setting up new dealerships, often giving processes and technology lower priori
In Sweden, the 10th most common occupation is professional cleaning. Cleaning workers are exposed to many risk factors including high physical workload and the development of new-onset asthma and other types of respiratory symptoms. This master thesis has been a part of a research project at the division of Ergonomics and Aerosol Technology (EAT), Lund University, in which the health aspect of cle
Assisterad befruktning utanför kroppen är en behandlingsmetod som samhället kan erbjuda ofrivilligt barnlösa par. Behandlingen sker antingen genom provrörsbefruktning (IVF) eller genom spermieinjektion (ICSI). Frågor kring fastställande och hävande av faderskap vid assisterad befruktning regleras av föräldrabalken. Enligt huvudregeln i 1 kap. 8 § FB ska en kvinnas make eller sambo som har samtycktAssisted reproductive technology for treatment of infertility, is a treatment that society can provide for couples, who suffer from involuntary childlessness. The treatment is performed either by in virto fertilization (IVF) or by sperm injection (ICSI). The Children and Parents Code regulates the establishment and annulation of paternity due to assisted reproductive treatment. According to the ma
This master thesis is made in cooperation with Assa Abloy ES in Landskrona, Sweden. The purpose was to investigate the arm system for automatic swing door operators and set up an optimized theoretical model for a new PULL arm system with increased closing torque. The reason why the firm wants to get a more detailed view of the arm system is because of the present prevailing issue with non closing
Background: Optimisation of dopaminergic therapy may alleviate fluctuation-related pain in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Opicapone (OPC) is a third-generation, once-daily catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitor shown to be generally well tolerated and efficacious in reducing OFF-time in two pivotal trials in patients with PD and end-of-dose motor fluctuations. The OpiCapone Effect on motor fluctuations
It is widely recognised that society is consuming at levels and in ways that are unsustainable. Sustainable business models, broadly defined as those that consider economic, ecological and social value, hold promise for shifting consumption patterns. By facilitating activities such as rental and reuse, including second-hand, repair, refurbishment, and upcycling, they can help to provide more susta
INTRODUCTION: Climate change is one of the 21st century's biggest public health issues and health care contributes up to 10% of the emissions of greenhouse gases in developed countries. About 15 million laparoscopic procedures are performed annually worldwide and single-use medical equipment is increasingly used during these procedures. Little is known about costs and environmental footprint of th
Background: In 10–15% of children with esophageal atresia (EA) delayed reconstruction of esophageal atresia (DREA) is necessary due to long-gap EA and/or prematurity/low birth weight. They represent a patient subgroup with high risk of complications. We aimed to evaluate postoperative morbidity and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in a Swedish national cohort of children with DREA. Methods:
OBJECTIVES: Digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) can detect more cancers than the current standard breast screening method, digital mammography (DM); however, it can substantially increase the reading workload and thus hinder implementation in screening. Artificial intelligence (AI) might be a solution. The aim of this study was to retrospectively test different ways of using AI in a screening workf
Reprogramming of somatic cells into pluripotency stem cell state have opened new opportunities in cell replacement therapy and disease modeling in a number of neurological disorders. It still remains unknown, however, to what degree the grafted human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) differentiate into a functional neuronal phenotype and if they integrate into the host circuitry. Here we pre
Introduction: Treatment persistence is a proxy for efficacy, safety and patient satisfaction, and a switch in treatment or treatment discontinuation has been associated with increased indirect and direct costs in inflammatory arthritis (IA). Hence, there are both clinical and economic incentives for the identification of factors associated with treatment persistence. Until now, studies have mainly
Optimization problems occur in many areas in science and engineering. When the optimization problem at hand is of large-scale, the computational cost of the optimization algorithm is a main concern. First-order optimization algorithms—in which updates are performed using only gradient or subgradient of the objective function—have low per-iteration computational cost, which make them suitable for t
Background: Drug Use Disorder (DUD) is a major contributor to world-wide morbidity and mortality. The extensive national registers in Sweden provide the basis for a study of spatial and temporal patterns of DUD onset and recurrence in Sweden from 2001–2015. Methods: To identify patterns of DUD over space, time and gender for Swedish individuals aged 15–35, space–time clustering using SaTScan was a
Background: As the survival rate of preterm infants continues to rise worldwide, more infants are at risk of developing sight-threatening retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Destructive retinal laser treatment and intravitreal injections of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), factor, which have potential systemic side effects, are necessary to prevent blindness in severe cases of ROP. Of
BACKGROUND: Food choice decisions are complex processes influenced by various factors that affect the family's diet and, thus, their health and nutrition. In low- and middle-income countries like Ethiopia, these factors are shaped by the ongoing nutrition transition, urbanization, and socio-economic challenges. Despite growing concerns about the double burden of malnutrition, the factors influenci
