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Background Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most common vaginal infection among women of reproductive age worldwide, caused by dysbiosis of the vaginal microbiome. Despite its prevalence, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood, making diagnosis and treatment challenging. Although antibiotics are the standard therapy, recurrence rates are high, up to 50% within 1 year, and repe
Cities around the world are leading the race toward an environmentally sustainable future, but one of their major obstacles have been the personal automobile. The movement of people using public transportation often has a far lower impact than the personal automobile, but these systems are often rigid and expensive to build and operator. Now, with the emergence of intelligent transport systems – a
Kvinnor diagnostiseras för depression i större utsträckning än män. Fler män än kvinnor suiciderar varje år. I primärvården görs ojämlika bedömningar i förhållande till kön och viktiga frågor för att på rätt sätt hjälpa patienten missas att ställas. Ges samma behandlingsrekommendationer på ett fiktivt patientfall oavsett kön på patienten? Har det någon betydelse om vårdpersonalen som ger rekommendMore women than men are diagnosed with depression. Yet more men than women commit suicide each year. In primary healthcare, there are disproportionate diagnoses relative to gender and key questions that ensure patients get the correct care are often not asked. Would a fictional patient be given the same treatment recommendation regardless of gender? Are treatment recommendations influenced by the
The lack of secure property rights has been identified by a number of economists – past and present – as an obstacle for long-term growth of output of African farming. The foundation for such a claim is that insecure property rights hinder long-term capital investments. Although the observed infrequency of private property rights in African history is correct there are exceptions. This paper exami
The past years have seen an increasing debate on cooperation and its unique human character. Philosophers and psychologists have proposed that cooperative activities are characterized by shared goals to which participants are committed through the ability to understand each other’s intentions. Despite its popularity, some serious issues arise with this approach to cooperation. First, one may chall
Severe obesity in adolescence profoundly impacts health and social well-being. Lifestyle modifications are seldom successful in maintaining sufficient weight loss to mitigate the risk of complications. Metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) is a standard treatment for adult patients and has emerged as an option for adolescent patients. Several high-quality studies of adolescent MBS show substantial
AIMS: Selecting patients for cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intra-peritoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) remains challenging. We compared the predictive power of three intra-operative assessment tools of peritoneal involvement of colorectal cancer.METHODS: Ninety-two procedures (1999-2005) were prospectively scored using the Simplified Peritoneal Cancer Index (SPCI) and 7 Region Count. The Perito
En betydande del av Europas byggnadsbestånd behöver renoveras. De vanligaste anledningarna till att man genomför renoveringar är akuta tekniska problem eller en byggnads eller dess komponenters utgående livslängd. Andra vanliga skäl för byggherrar att genomföra renoveringar i sitt byggnadsbestånd är höga kostnader för underhåll och drift samt ett högt energibehov. Dessutom har bygg- och fastighetsA considerable amount of Europe’s building stock needs to be renovated. The most common reasons for carrying out renovations are acute technical issues or the expiring life span of a building or its components. Other common reason for building owners to carry out renovations in their building stock are high costs for maintenance and operation, and a high energy demand. Furthermore, the constructio
Humanitarian organisations are central actors in the mediation of humanitarian disasters as objects of public, political and moral concern. Consequently, if we want to understand this key dynamic of world politics we have to understand how aid organisations use media. But whereas extant knowledge about media and global humanitarianism focuses primarily on issues related to discourses and images of
Aims: To investigate associations between trust in the healthcare system and all-cause, cardiovascular, cancer and other causes mortality. Study design: Prospective cohort study. Methods: A public health questionnaire was conducted in 2008 in Scania, the southernmost part of Sweden, with a 54.1% participation rate with a postal questionnaire and three reminders. In this study 24,833 respondents we
The pathway to forming the iron-rich planet Mercury remains mysterious. Its core makes up 70% of the planetary mass, which implies a significant enrichment of iron relative to silicates, while its mantle is strongly depleted in oxidised iron. The high core mass fraction is traditionally ascribed to evaporative loss of silicates, for example following a giant impact, but the high abundance of moder
The aim was to investigate associations between marital status and mortality with a prospective cohort study design. A public health survey including adults aged 18–80 was conducted with a postal questionnaire in southern Sweden in 2008 (54.1% participation). The survey formed a baseline that was linked to 8.3-year follow-up all-cause, cardiovascular (CVD), cancer and other cause mortality. The pr
Inexpensive and efficient desalination is becoming increasingly important due to dwindling freshwater resources in view of climate change and population increase. Improving desalination techniques of brackish water using graphene-based materials has the possibility to revolutionize freshwater production and treatment. At the same time, graphene matter can be cheaply mass-produced from biowaste mat
Background: A growing evidence base supports the use of autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (aHSCT) for treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), but it has not yet been integrated into most national clinical guidelines. The objective of this study was to assess efficacy and safety when aHSCT is implemented in routine healthcare. Methods: We assessed 231 patients
Code quality remains an abstract concept that fails to get traction at the business level. Consequently, software companies keep trading code quality for time-to-market and new features. The resulting technical debt is estimated to waste up to 42% of developers' time. At the same time, there is a global shortage of software developers, meaning that developer productivity is key to software busines
OBJECTIVES: The Swedish surveillance system aiming to reveal undetected Hand-Arm Vibration Syndrome (HAVS) in workers exposed for vibrations is regulated by the provision AFS 2019:3. The goal for the surveillance system is to diagnose HAVS, as well as to find workers at risk for developing HAVS due to other conditions. The national guidelines stipulate examination using at least two out of four ha
The aim was to investigate associations between health locus of control (HLC) and all-cause, cardiovascular (CVD), cancer and other cause mortality. A public health postal questionnaire was distributed in the autumn of 2008 to a stratified random sample of the 18–80 year old adult population in Scania in southernmost Sweden. The participation rate was 54.1%, and 25,517 participants were included i
BackgroundCarotid artery disease is highly prevalent and a main cause of ischemic stroke and vascular dementia. There is a paucity of information on predictors of serious vascular events. Besides percentage diameter stenosis, international guidelines also recommend the evaluation of qualitative characteristics of carotid artery disease as a guide to treatment, but with no agreement on which qualit
The objective of this article was to assess the cost-effectiveness of screening strategies for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). A decision analytic model was constructed to estimate the costs and benefits of one-off screening strategies differentiated by screening age, sex and the threshold for initiating statin therapy (“uniform” or “age-adjusted”) from the Spanish NHS perspective. The age-adjusted
A tight control over AKT/PKB activation is essential for cells, and they realise this in part by regulating the phosphorylation of Ser473 in the "hydrophobic motif" of the AKT carboxy-terminal region. The RICTOR-mTOR complex (TORC2) is a major kinase for AKT Ser473 phosphorylation after stimulation by several growth factors, in a reaction proposed to require p21-activated kinase (PAK) as a scaffol
