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Objectives: Randomized controlled trials are currently conducted to assess whether the mortality from prostate cancer is reduced by early detection with the use of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) measurements in serum. To be effective, such a program should be able to reduce the absolute number of men diagnosed with metastatic prostate cancer (for which no cure is available). The aim of the presen
Measurements of DNA ploidy can be performed either with image cytometry (ICM) or flow cytometry (FCM); both methods provide independent prognostic information in primary breast cancer. The aim of the present investigation was to compare the two methods and to relate the findings to prognosis (median follow-up 42 months). Concordance in ploidy status (diploid, tetraploid, aneuploid) was obtained in
District heating is well expanded in the residential areas in Sweden, although not in detached house areas, where it is often impaired with problems of low heat density, large heat losses and high construction costs. However, due to the changes on the electricity market, increased environmental concerns and technological improvements, the detached houses’ sector is a potential market for district
Popular Abstract in Swedish Fibromyalgisyndromet (FMS) karakteriseras av långvarig utbredd värk och smärta, ofta följt av trötthet, stelhet och sömnsvårigheter. Symtomen anses kunna förvärras av fysisk eller psykisk överbelastning. Orsakerna till uppkomsten av FMS är inte kartlagda, men utvecklingen av tillståndet och graden av upplevda svårigheter anses kunna bero på flera sammanlänkande mekanismFibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is characterised by diffuse, long-lasting, widespread pain and aching, accompanied by fatigue, stiffness and sleep disturbances. The symptoms may be aggravated by physiological and psychological overload. The aim of this thesis was to obtain further knowledge of the functional limitations and disabilities of patients with FMS and to evaluate the effects of physical exer
Popular Abstract in Swedish Under de senaste 20 åren har större hänsyn tagits till den enskilde patientens önskningar och behov innan en behandling har påbörjats. Detta har skett parallellt med en snabb teknisk och medicinsk utveckling. Samtidigt som nya behandlingsmetoder tagits fram, har det också blivit angeläget att utvärdera effekten av dessa, vilket även inkluderar hur den enskilde individenFactors determining patient`s and doctor`s delay in diagnosis of bladder cancer were type of initial symptoms, level of health service first consulted and number of steps in the referral system. No correlation was found between psychosocial factors and patient`s delay. In retrospective studies after cystectomy for bladder cancer, patients with continent cutaneous diversion of urine had fewer stoma
Popular Abstract in Swedish Avhandlingen består av fem filosofihistoriska texter med en sociologisk och idéhistorisk orientering. Alla texterna rör sig inom samma tidsram, 1860-1910. De fokuserar vidare på filosofin i de nordiska länderna, och närmare bestämt universitetsfilosofin. Tre av texterna behandlar ämnets utveckling vid universiteten i Lund och Köpenhamn. Avhandlingens centrala tema är deThe dissertation comprises of five studies in the history of philosophy with primarily a sociological and history of ideas orientation. All the studies fall within the same timeframe, 1860-1910. Furthermore, they all focus on philosophy in the Nordic countries, and university philosophy in particular. Three of the texts take up the development of the discipline at the universities in Lund and Cope
The Sun and the solar magnetic activity is responsible for a variety of effects in space and on the Earth. High energy radiation and charged particles are constantly being emitted from the solar atmosphere interacting with our atmosphere and technological systems in space and on the ground. The research papers included in this thesis cover analysis of solar magnetic activity, solar indices, solar
This article is based on a study of the sailing event America’s Cup in Malmö in the late summer of 2005. It serves the purpose of exemplifying a project of urban governance. Urban governance means that municipalities are engaged in implementing different strategies in order to strengthen their own position in the competition between cities and regions. The article’s main theme is the relation betw
A Nordic-Soviet programme was initiated in 1990 to evaluate the external and internal radiation exposure of the inhabitants of several villages in the Bryansk region of Russia. This area was one of the number of areas particularly affected by the nuclear accident at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in 1986. Measurements were carried out yearly until 1998 and after that more irregularly; in 2000,
This paper presents an unbalanced overview of existing Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) research by reassessing the body of knowledge and emphasising future research directions that need to be pursued in an attempt to fill knowledge gaps and bridge the existing gap between practitioners and academia. To fulfil this objective, nine leading international IS publications covering the period of 2006
Background: Low socioeconomic position (SEP) in adulthood has been associated with overweight and obesity in high-income countries. However, little is known about the contribution of childhood SEP to weight change. Using a Swedish general population sample, this study aimed to examine the association between five-year weight gain among adults and socioeconomic position in childhood and adulthood.
The duration of breastfeeding has attracted much interest, as a prolonged period of breastfeeding has been shown to reduce the risk of developing obesity. The mechanism behind the reduced risk is, however, poorly understood. The novel hormone ghrelin augments appetite, promotes body. weight increase and increases adiposity. The majority of circulating ghrelin emanates from endocrine cells in the o
Aims: The roles of the diverse populations of micro-organisms responsible for biodegradation of organic matter to form methane and carbon dioxide are rudimentarily understood. To expand the knowledge on links between microbial communities and the rate limiting, hydrolytic stage of two-stage biogas production from energy crops, this study was performed. Methods and Results: The process performance.
We study deterministic algorithms for the gossiping problem in ad hoc radio networks under the assumption that each combined message contains at most b(n) single messages or bits of auxiliary information, where b is an integer function and n is the number of nodes in the network. We term such a restricted gossiping problem b(n) -gossiping. We show that rootn-gossiping in an ad hoc radio network on
Background Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a multifactorial disease in which environmental triggers interact with genetic variants in the predisposition to the disease. A number of common variants have been associated with T2D but our knowledge of their ability to predict T2D prospectively is limited. Methods and Findings By using a Cox proportional hazard model, common variants in the PPARG (P12A), CAPN
BACKGROUND: Toll-like receptors enable the host to recognize a large number of pathogen-associated molecular patterns such as bacterial lipopolysaccharide, viral RNA, CpG-containing DNA and flagellin. Toll-like receptors have also been shown to play a pivotal role in both innate and adaptive immune responses. The role of Toll-like receptors as a primary part of our microbe defense system has been
Background No data exist regarding mortality rate in young patients with a first-time anterior shoulder dislocation. A cohort of 255 patients aged 1240 years had a primary anterior shoulder dislocation during the years 1978 and 1979. After 10 years, 9 of the patients had died-which is a high figure for this cohort of patients. The question thus arose as to whether these patients had an increased m
Objective: To develop evidence based recommendations for the management of hip osteoarthritis (OA). Methods: The multidisciplinary guideline development group comprised 18 rheumatologists, 4 orthopaedic surgeons, and 1 epidemiologist, representing 14 European countries. Each participant contributed up to 10 propositions describing key clinical aspects of hip OA management. Ten final recommendation
OBJECTIVE: to analyse the impact of stent-graft (SG) design and operator skill on the outcome of endovascular AAA repair. DESIGN: prospective non-randomised open. MATERIAL: a total of 158 patients (mean age 71) underwent SG repair. Patients were treated with five different types of SG: first (n =58) and second ( n =17) generation Ivancev-Malmo monoiliac SG (IM I and IM II respectively) combined wi
Popular Abstract in Swedish Vilken roll staten kan och bör spela för att få till stånd ekonomisk utveckling hör till den ekonomiska vetenskapens äldsta debatter. Trots detta har tidigare forskning ofta fokuserat på hur en rad statliga interventioner påverkar den statiska effektiviteten. Få studier har försökt studera hur statlig intervention och en aktiv näringspolitik påverkar så kallad dynamisk What role the state should and can play in bringing about economic development is one of the longest standing debates in the economic sciences. Yet, previous research has mostly focused on how a variety of industrial policies affect static efficiency. Few studies have tried to analyze how industrial policy and government intervention affects dynamic efficiency, i.e. an economy's ability to generat
