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Background. For breathing adapted radiotherapy, the same motion monitoring system can be used for imaging and triggering of the accelerator. Purpose. To evaluate a new technique for prospective gated computed tomography (CT) and four-dimensional CT (4DCT) using a laser based surface scanning system (Sentinel(™), C-RAD, Uppsala, Sweden). The system was compared to the AZ-733V respiratory gating sys
Popular Abstract in Swedish Maligna mjukdelstumörer, så kallade mjukdelssarkom, utgör hos vuxna en ovanlig tumörform som uppkommer i kroppens stödjevävnader. Till dessa räknas muskler, fett, bindväv, slemsäckar samt kärl och nerver som försörjer dessa vävnader. Trots att stödjevävnaderna omfattar mer än hälften av den totala kroppsvikten, utgör mjukdelssarkomen mindre än 1 % av alla maligna tumöreIn adult soft tissue sarcoma (STS) of the extremities and trunk wall, improved prognostic factors are needed to identify patients at high-risk for metastasis. Various factors are included in the many prognostic systems currently in use and the prognostic value of immunohistochemical (IHC) expression of biological markers is unclear. The tissue-preserving, high throughput tissue microarray (TMA) te
We investigate the scattering and multiple scattering of a typical laser beam (lambda= 800 nm) in the intermediate scattering regime. The turbid media used in this work are homogeneous solutions of monodisperse polystyrene spheres in distilled water. The two-dimensional distribution of light intensity is recorded experimentally, and calculated via Monte Carlo simulation for both forward and side s
Experimental studies helped to compare methods for determining and calculating total heat resistance of clothing sets accepted by Russian and international standards. Findings are that difference in the total heat resistance values calculated on humans and on dummies in relatively still air and quiet conditions is caused by measurement technique applied. Significant difference in the total heat re
Current atrial fibrillation (AF) management guidelines suggest that initially a decision must be made to apply either a rate control or rhythm control strategy in the individual patient. However, patients' selection remains substantially empirical and the strategy initially chosen often proves unsuccessful and alternative therapies must be adopted. Thus, it seems desirable to develop and apply tes
The anticonvulsive effect of lidocaine was evaluated in 46 newborn infants with severe, recurrent seizures. Before the lidocaine all infants were being given phenobarbital, and 22 infants were also treated with diazepam. Different dosages of lidocaine were tested. A loading dose of 2 mg/kg followed by i.v. infusion of 6 mg/kg/hour was the most effective dosage and had an immediate anticonvulsive e
The blood group ABO gene codes for a glycosyltransferase that adds the ultimate monosaccharide to a glycoconjugate and forms the A or B blood group specific antigen. The DNA structure of the three major alleles of the human blood group ABO system was first described in 1990. This review describes the subsequent developments, including the increasing number of variants of these common alleles and t
I-131 radionuclide therapy studies have not shown a strong relationship between tumor absorbed dose and response, possibly due to inaccuracies in activity quantification and dose estimation. The goal of this work was to establish the accuracy of I-131 activity quantification and absorbed dose estimation when patient-specific, 3-dimensional (3D) methods are used for SPECT reconstruction and for abs
Objective Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) confers a risk of hypertension and cardiovascular complications. Both the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and OSA are important determinants of blood pressure, but it is not fully known how they interact. The aim of this study was to explore the interaction between the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism and O
The paper explores parental perception of social dangers in the urban environment as a constraint for children to walk and cycle. Group discussions with 37 Swedish and 35 English parents of 7 to 12 year old children revealed that social dangers related to strangers, criminality and drugs concerned parents in both countries. These concerns also influenced travel mode choices for their children’s jo
Measurements of the stopping forces for C-14, N-14 and O-16 ions in Ge and Au, for N-14 and F-19 ions in Ag, as well as for F-19 ions in Au have been made, respectively. A novel technique, reported recently, using PIN diodes coated directly with the stopping medium in a polka dot pattern was used. This provided a set of precise, self-consistent measurements on the same stopping medium. Results sho
Planar gamma-scintigraphy is often used to quantify pulmonary deposition patterns from aerosol inhalers. The results are quite different from those obtained using 3-dimensional PET and SPECT. The purpose of this study was to characterize the effects of scatter and tissue attenuation on the distribution of radiolabeled aerosol as measured by planar scintigraphy using Monte Carlo simulations. This s
Background: There are at least three broad conceptual models for the impact of the social environment on adult disease: the critical period, social mobility, and cumulative life course models. Several studies have shown an association between each of these models and mortality. However, few studies have investigated the importance of the different models within the same setting and none has been p
Return sludge from two Swedish and two Danish wastewater treatment plants were hydrolysed in laboratory reactors. Treatment plants with/without pre-sedimentation and with/without nitrification were represented. Soluble organic matter was produced from all types of sludge, but the yield was to a large extent dependent on what type of sludge was hydrolysed. Activated sludge from wastewater treatment
The plasma membrane H+-ATPase is activated by binding of 14-3-3 protein to the phosphorylated C terminus. Considering the large number of 14-3-3 and H+-ATPase isoforms in Arabidopsis (13 and 11 expressed genes, respectively), specificity in binding may exist between 14-3-3 and H+-ATPase isoforms. We now show that the H'-ATPase is the main target for 14-3-3 binding at the plasma membrane, and that
The effectiveness of extracting p,p'-DDT and p,p'-DDE from aged contaminated soil samples by means of pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) was evaluated. Two soil samples, which were contaminated more than 10 years ago, were used in the investigation. The static extraction time was optimised and then validated against the total sum of target analytes obtained from multiple sequential extractions. T
Mucosal Toll-like receptors (TLRs) respond to pathogens, but remain inert to the indigenous flora, suggesting that the TLRs can receive pathogen-specific signals. For example, TLR4 signalling is activated in CD14-negative epithelial cells by P-fimbriated, uropathogenic Escherichia coli, but not by lipopolysaccharide. The fimbriae use glycosphingolipids as recognition receptors and there is release
The main concern about the technology for the production of hydrogen and transport fuels by biomass gasification is the presence of contaminants (H2S, tars, fly ash, alkali, and heavy metals, ammonia) that are poisonous for the catalysts used for upgrading the biomass-generated gas. The impact of the main contaminants on a Ni/MgAl(O) reforming catalyst was studied in a laboratory environment, by e
