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Objective: To explore risk perceptions, sexual practices and healthcare needs among men who have sex with men in the provincial city of Tanga in northern Tanzania. Previous research suggests that HIV/STIs are increasing problems for this population. Yet, few studies have been conducted outside the urban area of Dar es Salaam, which has limited our knowledge about the HIV/STI risk factors and healt
Introduction: To evaluate the role of the surgical technique used for the treatment of benign renal tumors, with regard to renal function and overall survival (OS) in patients without cancer-related mortality. Technical considerations: The study included 506 patients, mean age of 63.3 years, with histologically proven benign renal lesions originating from 5 European centers. Retrospective data fro
Background: The basal-like breast cancer (BLBC) subtype is characterized by positive staining for basal mammary epithelial cytokeratin markers, lack of hormone receptor and HER2 expression, and poor prognosis with currently no approved molecularly-targeted therapies. The oncogenic signaling pathways driving basal-like tumorigenesis are not fully elucidated. Methods: One hundred sixteen unselected
Background: Despite smoking and risky alcohol drinking being modifiable risk factors for cancer as well as postoperative complications, perioperative cessation counselling is often ignored. Little is known about how cancer patients experience smoking and alcohol interventions in relation to surgery. Therefore the aim of this study was to explore how bladder cancer patients experience a perioperati
The study of pragmatic markers attracts many scholars within the field of pragmatics, in particular in the area of radical pragmatics. Pragmatic markers are often perceived by speakers as having vague meanings that are hard to pin down in words. A pragmatic marker marker also often seem to contribute in different ways to the explicit or implicit message that the speaker wants to convey depending o
Background: Childhood obesity is an urgent public health concern, and there's a need for long-term, high-quality, primary prevention trials targeting parents of young children. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the long-term effect of a parental support program based on motivational interviewing (MI). Methods: A cluster randomized controlled trial was carried out in eight Swedish counti
Objective: Atypical responses to sensory stimuli are common features of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Consequently, atypical sensory reactivity (SR) is now a diagnostic feature of ASD. Quantitative genetic research on ASD has overlooked these symptoms, however. We therefore investigated the association between autistic traits and SR using twin methods. Method: Autistic traits and SR were assess
BACKGROUND AND AIM Non-stop stair ascending at maximum speed is required to reach a safe refuge level from deep underground structures, such as subways and in high-rise buildings in an emergency evacuation situation. Endurance of stair climbing and identifying the time of the onset of leg’s local muscle fatigue (LMF) are interests in evacuation research. The objective of this laboratory study was
In order to investigate the molecular basis for the ability of the human B1 and B2 bradykinin (BK) receptor subtypes to discriminate between subtype- selective ligands, we constructed chimeric proteins in which the sixth transmembrane domains (TM-VI) of these receptors were exchanged. The pharmacological profiles of the constructs were analyzed by radioligand binding in particulate preparations of
BACKGROUND: No comprehensive collection of routine therapeutic drug monitoring data for antipsychotic drugs has been published. METHODS: In this compilation, data on 12 antipsychotics are presented. The drugs included are amisulpride (n = 506), aripiprazole (n = 1610), clozapine (n = 1189), flupentixol (n = 215), haloperidol (n = 390), olanzapine (n = 10,268), perphenazine (n = 1065), quetiapine (
The mechanisms which lead to secondary brain damage following transient ischaemia are incompletely defined. As discussed in this hypothesis article, the events which lead to such damage could encompass (a) a perturbed membrane handling of calcium, leading to a slow, gradual increase in the free cytosolic calcium concentration (Ca2(i)), with subsequent calcium overload of mitochondria, (b) a sustai
The effect of neurotrophic factors on neuropeptide Y (NPY) expression was studied in adult rat dispersed dorsal root ganglion (DRG) cultures. Nerve growth factor (NGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF) or basic FGF was included in the culture medium during incubation for 72 h. In untreated cultures, around 18% of all neurones (visualized by antibodie
Geospatial information is indispensable for various real-world applications and is thus a prominent part of today’s data science landscape. Geospatial data is primarily maintained and disseminated through spatial data infrastructures (SDIs). However, current SDIs are facing challenges in terms of data integration and semantic heterogeneity because of their partially siloed data organization. In th
In this work we develop a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) scheme for classification of pulmonary disease for grating-based x-ray radiography. In addition to conventional transmission radiography, the grating-based technique provides a dark-field imaging modality, which utilizes the scattering properties of the x-rays. This modality has shown great potential for diagnosing early stage emphysema and
Restriction fragment length polymorphism using an HLA‐DQ β‐chain genomic probe showed that 63 children with insulin‐dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were all (100%) positive for the BamH1 fragments 12 kb and/or 4 kb compared to 98% (62/63) for HLA‐DR3 and/or 4 and 75% (47/63) for HLA‐B8 and/or 15. The 36 (56%) DR3‐positive children were all 4‐kb‐positive; however, a total of 44 (70%) ch
Se-methyl L-selenocysteine (MeSeCys) is one of the major organic selenium compounds acquired from the diet by human beings. It has been shown to have anticancer activity and cancer prevention functions. However, its antioxidant activity, largely related to its biological function, has not been well characterized so far. We here report a stopped-flow kinetic study of the reduction of the Pt(IV) antSe-methyl L-selenocysteine (MeSeCys) is one of the major organic selenium compounds acquired from the diet by human beings. It has been shown to have anticancer activity and cancer prevention functions. However, its antioxidant activity, largely related to its biological function, has not been well characterized so far. We here report a stopped-flow kinetic study of the reduction of the Pt(IV) ant
The study makes an inventory of learning opportunities young people were offered in connection with CEI 2016, one of the annual international conferences organized by the NGO named Caretakers of the Environment International (CEI), which year 2016 took place in Aalborg in Denmark. The learning opportunities offered by this transnational learning community are discussed in relation to some essenti
The canon has been remolded under the influence of later developments in technology and media. Posthumanism and Communication and Performance Studies push forward the demythization – initiated by the Cultural Studies – of the aesthetic isolationism of the New Criticism. The new developments do not dispute the primacy of the aesthetic/truthful criteria used for informing the canon, but they disclos
