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Context Inpatients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation, warfarin prevents ischemic stroke, but dose adjustment, coagulation monitoring, and bleeding limit its use. Objective To compare the efficacy of the oral direct thrombin inhibitor ximelagatran with warfarin for prevention of stroke and systemic embolism. Design, Setting, and Participants Double-blind, randomized, multicenter trial (20002001)
Popular Abstract in Swedish På grund av den förutspådda energi krisen som föranleds av att oljan tar slut, är det viktigt att söka efter alternativa energikällor. Att utnyttja solljuset via en artificiell fotosyntes är en intressant möjlighet. Det långsiktiga målet för forskning på detta område är att bygga molekylära och/eller fasta material som kan använda solljus för att dela vatten i dess bestDue to the predicted energy crisis when fossil fuels will be exhausted it is important to search for alternative energy sources. Utilizing sunlight via artificial photosynthesis is an interesting possibility. The long-term goal for research in this area is to design and build molecular and/or solid state systems that can use sunlight to split water and produce fuel (e.g. hydrogen). Nature tells us
Meta Isæus-Berlin at Skissernas museum Many visitors will surely remember Ett vattenhem (A Water Home), five strikingly ambiguous furnished rooms set out on a low podium in the middle of the main walkway at the Bo01 Housing Fair in Malmö in 2001. The Hall and the Bathroom, at opposite ends of the long and narrow, windowless pavilion, were open to the world and visible from outside. The Bathroom
Popular Abstract in Swedish Radiojodbehandling av sköldkörteln är den vanligaste radiofarmakaterapin. För att beräkna aktiviteten 131I som krävs för att ge en viss stråldos till sköldkörteln behöver sköldkörtelns massa och den individuella biokinetiken bestämmas. Biokinetiken består vanligtvis av det individuella upptaget av jodid och den biologiska halveringstiden av jod i sköldkörteln. Den bioloRadioiodine therapy of hyperthyroidism is the most frequently performed radiopharmaceutical therapy. To calculate the activity of 131-I to be administered for giving a certain absorbed dose to the thyroid, the mass of the thyroid and the individual biokinetic data, normally in the form of uptake and biologic half-time, have to be determined. The biologic half-time is estimated from several uptake
Objective. Colorectal cancer is a major cause of cancer mortality in the industrialized nations in the West. Because mortality is closely related to the stage of the disease at the time of diagnosis, detection at an early stage is likely to result in improved recovery rates. Since current diagnostic procedures such as colonoscopy are invasive and the fecal occult blood test (FOBT) lacks sensitivit
Cancer är den näst vanligaste dödsorsaken i världen idag och en tredjedel av Sveriges befolkning blir diagnosticerade med cancer under sin livstid. Av alla cancerfall i Sverige, så är prostatacancer den vanligaste och bröstcancer den näst vanligaste, medan hos enbart kvinnor så är bröstcancer den vanligaste med 29,2 % av cancerfallen. Överlevnaden efter en cancerdiagnos har i Sverige ökat sedan 70Cells are commonly used in research to evaluate toxicity and efficiency of drugs. However, to further increase the usefulness of cells as well as the understandings of effects of different interventions, new methods must constantly be developed and refined. Today, many assays use end-point analysis of large populations of cells, to evaluate the research question. However, there are many cases when
Purpose For over 30 years, the place of consolidation high-dose chemotherapy in Ewing sarcoma (ES) has been controversial. A randomized study was conducted to determine whether consolidation high-dose chemotherapy improved survival in patients with localized ES at high risk for relapse. Methods Randomization between busulfan and melphalan (BuMel) or standard chemotherapy (vincristine, dactinomycin
Background: Abdominal obesity is on the increase worldwide and ethnic minority groups are at high risk. However, studies of the underlying causes are scarce. The aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence of abdominal obesity and to identify metabolic, lifestyle and socio-demographic risk factors associated with abdominal obesity in male and female residents of Malmö, a city in southern
Giant planets migrate though the protoplanetary disc as they grow their solid core and attract their gaseous envelope. Previously, we have studied the growth and migration of an isolated planet in an evolving disc. Here, we generalise such models to include the mutual gravitational interaction between a high number of growing planetary bodi
Amylin, also named islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP), is a protein that is processed and released from pancreatic beta-cells in parallel with insulin. Islet amyloid polypeptide is currently studied with regard to a role for insulin resistance in non-insulin-dependent diabetes. To elucidate a possible function of IAPP for impaired glucose tolerance in primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT), we studied p
OBJECTIVE: This article, based on the Early Manifest Glaucoma Trial (EMGT), provides prospective natural history data on progression of glaucomatous field defects in 3 of the most common glaucoma types. DESIGN: Cohort of EMGT patients randomized to the untreated control group and followed up to the time of progression, when treatment could be initiated. PARTICIPANTS: We evaluated 118 control patie
OBJECTIVES: Prevalence and determinants of orthostatic hypotension remain largely unexplored in younger individuals without significant burden of chronic diseases. METHODS: We investigated frequency and main associations of impaired orthostatic response in a cohort of 469 middle-aged hypertensive patients and 453 of their normotensive first-degree relatives. RESULTS: 13.4% of hypertensive and 5.5%
Background: Lesions in the meniscus are risk factors for developing knee osteoarthritis (OA), not least because of the role of the meniscus in the pathological progression of OA. Delayed gadolinium enhanced MRI of cartilage (dGEMRIC) has extensively been used to identify pre-radiographic cartilage changes in OA. In contrast, its counterpart with regard to examination of the meniscus, gadolinium en
Background: Migration from Thailand to Sweden has increased threefold over the last 10 years. Today Thailand is one of the most common countries of origin among immigrants in Sweden. Since the year 2000, new HIV cases are also more prevalent among Thai immigrants compared to other immigrant nationalities in Sweden. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between knowledge and
BACKGROUND: The risk of spinal haematoma in patients receiving epidural catheters is estimated using routine coagulation tests, but guidelines are inconsistent in their recommendations on what to do when results indicate slight hypocoagulation. Postoperative patients are prone to thrombosis, and thromboelastometry has previously shown hypercoagulation in this setting. We aimed to better understand
Background Comparison of patients with coronary heart disease and controls in genome-wide association studies has revealed several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with coronary heart disease. We aimed to establish the external validity of these findings and to obtain more precise risk estimates using a prospective cohort design. Methods We tested 13 recently discovered SNPs for a
Popular Abstract in English What is common between the science of physics and global politics? They both define power in terms of energy. Indeed, the uneven distribution of petroleum reserves has been one of the main reasons of social, political and economic problems worldwide. Even more worrying is the rapid increase in the levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. This is mainly caused by ouCaldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus is an extremely thermophilic, strictly anaerobic, Gram-positive and cellulolytic microorganism with a natural ability to produce hydrogen (H2) at nearly theoretical maximum yield, i.e. 4 mol/ mol of glucose. Due to its CO2-free combustion and high energy density, among other desirable properties, H2is touted as a fuel of the future. Biological H2 production b
BACKGROUND: Analyses of clinical outcomes following radiotherapy (RT) have advanced our understanding of fundamental radiobiological characteristics in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Low fractionation sensitivity appears to be a common feature, as well as susceptibility to changes in overall treatment time (OTT). Large tumors should be harder to cure if a successful RT requires the
Purpose: To investigate the impact of Charles Bonnet syndrome (CBS) on vision-related quality of life (VRQoL) in patients with glaucoma. Design: Cross-sectional cohort study. Participants: Twenty-four patients with CBS and 42 matched controls without CBS out of 337 patients with open-angle glaucoma (OAG) with visual field (VF) loss. Methods: A matching technique was used to identify control patien
BACKGROUND: Early detection of coronary atherosclerosis using coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA), in addition to coronary artery calcification (CAC) scoring, may help inform prevention strategies. We used CCTA to determine the prevalence, severity, and characteristics of coronary atherosclerosis and its association with CAC scores in a general population.METHODS: We recruited 30 154 r
