Sökresultat

Background: Integration of second-generation (2G) bioethanol production with existing first-generation (1G) production may facilitate commercial production of ethanol from cellulosic material. Since 2G hydrolysates have a low sugar concentration and 1G streams often have to be diluted prior to fermentation, mixing of streams is beneficial. Improved ethanol concentrations in the 2G production proce

Current response and gain spectrum of a terahertz quantum cascade laser is analyzed at different temperatures by a nonequilibrium Green's functions approach. The simulations are compared to recent results of time domain spectroscopy. Being able to retrieve higher harmonics of the response function, nonlinear phenomena in quantum cascade lasers are studied theoretically. For different temperatures,

Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is the most common cause of acute renal failure in children in the western world. HUS is characterized by the triad of hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia and renal failure. There are two main subtypes of HUS; typical or D+ (D stands for diarrhea) HUS associated with enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) infection, which accounts for about 90% of all HUS cases, and atypic

Background: In 2007 the World Cancer Research Fund Report concluded that there was limited and inconsistent evidence for an effect of coffee and tea consumption on the risk of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Objective: In the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC), we aimed to investigate whether coffee intakes, tea intakes, or both are associated with the risk of EOC

We have synthesized hematite cube-shaped nanoparticles using different synthesis paths to examine the effect of the intermediate product akaganeite (beta-FeOOH) on the size and shape of the final hematite particles. Akaganeite spindles and hematite nanocubes are prepared using forced hydrolysis of iron chloride (FeCI3) salt. We use a combination of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high reso

Background and purpose Most studies on high tibial osteotomies (HTOs) have been hospital-based and have included a limited number of patients. We evaluated the use and outcome-expressed as rate of revision to knee arthroplasty-of HTO performed in Sweden with 9 million inhabitants, 1998-2007. Patients and methods 3, 161 HTO procedures on patients 30 years or older (69% men) who were operated on for

We theoretically investigate the transport properties of cold bosonic atoms in a quasi-one-dimensional (1D) triple-well potential that consists of two large outer wells, which act as microscopic source and drain reservoirs, and a small inner well, which represents a quantum-dot-like scattering region. Bias and gate 'voltages' introduce a time-dependent tilt of the triple-well configuration, and ar

Background and Purpose-Previous studies suggest that genetic variation plays a substantial role in occurrence and evolution of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Genetic contribution to disease can be determined by calculating heritability using family-based data, but such an approach is impractical for ICH because of lack of large pedigree-based studies. However, a novel analytic tool based on genom

We present the results of a quantum mechanical modelling of the free carrier absorption (FCA) in semiconductor heterolayers. Elastic and inelastic scatterers are considered with emphasis on the interface defects (optical phonons) contributions to the induced photon absorption for elastic (inelastic) scatterers. Various approaches to FCA are also presented (perturbation, Green's function technique)

The geometric and electronic structure of condensed phase organic conducting polymer PEDOT:PSS blends has been investigated by periodic density functional theory (DFT) calculations with a generalized-gradient approximation (GGA) functional, and a plane wave basis set. The influence of the degree of doping of the PEDOT polymer on structural and optical parameters such as the reflectivity, absorbanc

Fundamental symmetries in thermoelectric quantum transport, beyond Onsagers relations, were predicted two decades ago but have to date not been observed in experiments. Recent works have predicted the symmetries to be sensitive to energy-dependent, inelastic scattering, raising the question whether they exist in practice. Here, we answer this question affirmatively by experimentally verifying the

The aim of the present study was to identify patterns of background factors related to the early RA patients' conceptions of the cause of the disease. Conceptions from a qualitative study formed the basis for the stratification of 785 patients from the Swedish EIRA study answering a question about their own thoughts about the cause to RA. Logistic regression analyses were used to explore the assoc

Several studies have shown excess risk for a number of comorbidities in patients with psoriasis compared with the general population, but data on cause-specific mortality in this patient population are limited. The aim of this study was to estimate the associations of psoriasis and 12 specific causes of death and all-cause mortality in patients with mild and severe psoriasis. The study was based o

We report on the use of binary mixtures of oppositely charged gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and spherical polyelectrolyte brushes (SPBs), consisting of a polystyrene core onto which long polystyrene sulfonate chains are grafted, as a simple model system to investigate the influence of directional interactions on self-assembly. We demonstrate that the mixing ratio, i.e., the number of AuNPs per SPB, h

Second harmonic generation is analyzed from a microscopical point of view using a non-equilibrium Green's function formalism. Through this approach the complete on-state of the laser can be modeled and results are compared to experiment with good agreement. In addition, higher order current response is extracted from the calculations and together with waveguide properties, these currents provide t

Background: Randomized placebo-controlled trials represent the gold standard in evaluating healthcare interventions but are rarely performed within orthopedics. Ethical concerns or well-known challenges in recruiting patients for surgical trials in general have been expressed and adding a placebo component only adds to this complexity. The purpose of this study was to report the challenges of recr

Background: Bronchial smooth muscle cells (BSMCs) from severe asthmatics have been shown to overexpress the Th2-driving and asthma-associated cytokine IL-33. However, little is known regarding factors involved in BSMC production of IL-33. Rhinovirus (RV) infections cause asthma exacerbations, which exhibit features of Th2-type inflammation. Here, we investigated the effects of epithelial-derived m

Popular Abstract in Swedish Personer med insulinbehandlad diabetes saknar, eller har kraftigt försämrad, kroppsegen förmåga att reglera blodsockernivån genom utsöndring av hormonet insulin, och måste därför ta flera injektioner insulin dagligen. De flesta injektioner tas i samband med måltid, och individen bestämmer normalt sina måltidsdoser utifrån aktuell blodsocker- och hälsostatus i kombinatioDiabetes is a disease characterized by insufficient capacity to regulate the blood glucose level. In insulin-dependent diabetes, multiple daily injections of insulin have to be administered. In-between scheduled visits to the care provider, the patient has to manage the glucose control independently. Insulin dosing is a non-trivial task and many patients find it difficult. This is reflected in the