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To further understand the inter-relationship of the familial transmission of major depression (MD) and alcohol use disorder (AUD), we examine, via a multivariable Cox proportional hazards model, risks for AUD and MD in 1,244,516 individuals born in Sweden from 1970 to 1990 to intact mother-father pairs as a function of parental diagnoses of MD and/or AUD. Across the nine possible mating types, we
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) often leads to impaired regulation of cerebral blood flow, which may be caused by pathological changes of the vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in the arterial wall. Moreover, these cerebrovascular changes may contribute to the development of various neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s-like pathologies that include amyloid beta aggregation. Despite its i
The integrated dynamic ecosystem models SAFE and ForSAFEVEG were used to estimate critical loads for nitrogen using different chemical and biological criteria, and attempting to account for possible effects of climate change. The study is based on a model application on a set of 640 sites earlier used for critical loads assessments in Sweden, focusing on the ecological effect of nitrogen pollution
The lack of treatments during the recent Ebola and Zika outbreaks dramatically exposed the vulnerability of the global health system and the dire consequences thereof. But even where therapies against infectious diseases had been available, an additional threat has gained world-wide attention: antimicrobial resistance (AMR). A growing number of microbial organisms are becoming resistant to availab
Background Renal elimination normally decreases with age. Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) carry a risk of additional kidney damage. Objective The aims of this study were to assess the prevalence of NSAIDs in the elderly (aged ≥ 65) population in Sweden, explore reasons for any possible differences in the level of use and assess their kidney functions. Setting Data were obtained from t
Purpose: A cost minimisation analysis compares the costs of different interventions’ to ascertain the least expensive over time. We compared different prostate targeted drug treatments with TURP to identify the optimal cost saving duration of a medical therapy for symptomatic benign prostatic enlargement (BPE). Methods: The Evolution registry is a prospective, multicentre registry, conducted by th
A metaphyseal bone defect due to infection, tumor or fracture leads to loss of cancellous and cortical bone. An animal model separating the cancellous and cortical healing was used with a combination of a macroporous gelatin-calcium sulphate-hydroxyapatite (Gel-CaS-HA) biomaterial as a cancellous defect filler, and a thin collagen membrane (CM) guiding cortical bone regeneration. The membrane was
Purpose: The evidence from the literature regarding the association of dietary factors and risk of prostate cancer is inconclusive. Methods: A nutrient-wide association study was conducted to systematically and comprehensively evaluate the associations between 92 foods or nutrients and risk of prostate cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Cox proportio
A constitutive model for aluminum alloys under hot working conditions is proposed. The elastic-viscoplastic model is implemented in a finite strain continuum mechanical framework. The model accounts for the interplay between dynamic recovery and recrystallization during hot working of aluminum alloys and central aspects of microstructure evolution such as grain/subgrain size and dislocation densit
This paper illustrates the potential use of the theory of planned behavior as a guiding framework for understanding intentions and behavior in geospatial data sharing in Tanzania. A structured questionnaire survey, was constructed and sent to local governments as well as academic and private organizations that are major producers and/or users of geodata. The questionnaire covered issues of how col
Background: Sentinel node biopsy (SNB) is the standard procedure for axillary staging in patients with clinically lymph node negative invasive breast cancer. Completion axillary lymph node dissection (c-ALND) may not be necessary for all patients as a significant number of patients have no further metastases in non-sentinel nodes (non-SN) and c-ALND may not improve survival. The first aim of our s
‘Modern astronomy’ was introduced to Siam (present-day Thailand) (Siam officially changed its name to Thailand in 1939) when the Belgian Jesuit missionary-astronomer Father Antoine Thomas carried out stellar and lunar eclipse observations during 1681 and 1682 in order to determine the latitude and longitude of Ayutthaya. Three years later a contingent of French Jesuit missionary astronomers observ
Mechanical stretch under both physiological (breathing) and pathophysiological (ventilator-induced) conditions is known to significantly impact all cellular compartments in the lung, thereby playing a pivotal role in lung growth, regeneration and disease development. In order to evaluate the impact of mechanical forces on the cellular level, in vitro models using lung cells on stretchable membrane
Objective: To estimate and compare the lifetime risk of total knee replacement surgery (TKR) for osteoarthritis (OA) between countries, and over time. Method: Data on primary TKR procedures performed for OA in 2003 and 2013 were extracted from national arthroplasty registries in Australia, Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden. Life tables and population data were also obtained for each country. Lif
The oxidative addition of iodine to Pt(CN)42− is first-order with respect to iodide, iodine and complex. The reverse reductive elimination of iodide from trans-Pt(CN)4I22- is first-order with respect to iodide and Pt(CN)4I22−. The kinetics for the reaction between bromide and trans-Pt(CN)4ClH2O2− involves a rate-determining reductive elimination of chloride, followed by a rapid oxidative addition
Background: Air pollution can increase the symptoms of asthma and has an acute effect on the number of emergency room visits and hospital admissions because of asthma, but little is known about the effect of air pollution on the number of primary health care (PHC) visits for asthma. Objective: To investigate the association between air pollution and the number of PHC visits for asthma in Scania, s
3-Methyl-1,2,3-butanetricarboxylic acid (MBTCA) is a secondary organic aerosol and can be used as a unique emission marker of biogenic emissions of monoterpenes. Seasonal variations and differences in vegetation cover around the world may lead to low atmospheric MBTCA concentrations, in many cases too low to be measured. Hence, an important
Objective: Detailed analysis of hematological manifestations (HM) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are limited and their clinical impact on disease remain obscure. Here, we aimed to decipher factors associated with different hematological abnormalities in SLE patients and to assess their impact on disease related outcomes. Methods: A dataset (GIPT) originating from SLE patients of six Europea
PURPOSE: It is generally believed that large eyelid defects must be repaired using a vascularized flap for 1 lamella, while the other can be a free graft. Recent studies indicate that the pedicle of a tarsoconjunctival flap does not contribute to blood perfusion. The purpose of this study was to explore whether large eyelid defects can be repaired using a free bilamellar eyelid autograft alone.MET
