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The key step in the reaction mechanism of multicopper oxidases (MCOs)-the cleavage of the O-O bond in O-2-has been investigated using combined quantum mechanical and molecular mechanical (QM/MM) methods. This process represents a reaction pathway from the peroxy intermediate after it accepts one electron from the nearby type-1 Cu site to the experimentally-observed native intermediate, which is th
AbstractThis thesis is devoted to calibration of mathematical chromatography models. Chromatography models include unknown parameters that must be determined before the models can be applied to optimization or scale-up of a chromatography process. The aim of the work presented in the thesis was to develop methods for determining these unknown model parameters.The fundamental approach adopted to de
Popular Abstract in Swedish Skulle p53-målgenen TRIM22 kunna skydda mot cancer uppkomst? Frisk blodbildning En frisk vuxen människa har mellan fyra och sex liter blod, beroende på individens kroppsstorlek. Blodet produceras i benmärgen som finns i skelettbenen. Varje sekund bildas normalt i benmärgen tre till fyra miljoner blodkroppar från våra stamceller. Blodkropparna är specialiserade celler The tumor suppressor gene p53 is a transcription factor that mediates cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and differentiation. p53 mediated differentiation of leukemic cells depends on the transcriptional activity of p53 but so far no obvious differentiation inducing target gene has been identified. Using a cDNA microarray analysis, I identified TRIM22/Staf50 as a novel direct target gene to p53. The fun
Popular Abstract in Swedish De arida och semi-arida grässtäpperna i Norra Kina anses vara svårt drabbade av markförstöring, främst genom vind- och vattenerosion, men även genom försaltning. Den rådande uppfattningen är att markförstöring och ökenspridningsproblematiken har eskalerat sedan införandet av de ekonomiska reformerna efter 1978, bl.a. genom en expansion av den odlade arealen på tidigare This study challenges the prevailing assumption that the expansion of cultivated land areas and increasing number of livestock in the agro-pastoral regions of northern China have aggravated the process of land degradation since the start of the rural reforms in 1978. Land-use and productivity trends in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (IMAR), with special attention to the Keerqin steppe region
The conceptual shift in the expectations of the wireless users from voice towards multimedia, from availability towards acceptable quality, and from stand-alone towards group-oriented computing has a significant impact on today's networks in terms of the need for mobility, quality of service (QoS) and multicasting. Ad hoc networks, being independent of any fixed infrastructure, can provide mobile
Background: The European Molecular Genetics Quality Network (EMQN) was formed in order to improve external quality assessment for molecular genetic testing in Europe. From 1999 to 2002 it received funding from the European Union under the Standards, Measurement and Testing programme (contract no. SMT4-CT98-7515). Since then, its maintenance has been supported through subscription of the participan
Den svenska arbetskraften har blivit äldre under 1900-talet. Under vissa perioder har denna åldrandeprocess accelererat, medan den har avtagit under andra perioder. I denna studie undersöks vilken roll dessa förändringar i åldersstrukturen spelar för genomsnittlig arbetsproduktivitet och ekonomisk tillväxt. Olika åldersgrupper besitter olika typer av humankapital, eftersom den individuella produktIn the 1900s the Swedish labour force underwent an ageing process, accentuated in some periods and stagnant in others. This study inquires into how, and to what extent, these demographic shifts in the labour market explain changes in average labour productivity and economic growth. Different age groups possess different types of human capital, leading to changes in individual productivity over the
Understanding how sensory information is used by motor systems for motor commands requires detailed knowledge about how the body shape and biomechanics are represented in the motor circuits. We have used the withdrawal reflex system as a model for studies of sensorimotor transformation. This system has a modular organisation in the adult. Each module performs a detailed and functionally adapted se
PURPOSE: Urinary proteomics has become a key discipline within clinical proteomics for noninvasive diagnosis and monitoring of disease, and biomarker discovery. In order to decipher complex proteomes, high demands will, however, be placed upon the methodology applied. The purpose of this study was to develop a recombinant antibody microarray platform for urinary proteomics. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: W
Soil is a dynamic system in which microorganisms perform important tasks in organic matter transformations and nutrient cycles. Recently, some studies have started to focus on soil metaproteomics as a tool for understanding the function and the role of members of the microbial community. The aim of our work was to provide a review of soil proteomics by looking at the methodologies used in order to
Down-core sediment pigment concentrations from four Northern European estuaries were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to investigate phytoplankton community structure and preservation conditions over the last ca. 100 years where all sites have experienced different levels of eutrophication. Phytoplankton pigments have been shown to be useful biomarkers for phytoplankton
The Prototype Repository, at the Aspo HRL (Hard Rock Laboratory), is a demonstration project for the deposition of spent nuclear fuel, and provides a full-scale reference for testing predictive models relating to a spent nuclear fuel repository, both its individual components as well as the complete system. The final layout involves six deposition holes, four in an inner section and two in an oute
Large-scale protein conformational motions on nanosecond – microsecond time scales are important for many biological processes, but remain largely unexplored because of methodological limitations. NMR relaxation methods can access these time scales if protein tumbling is prevented, but the isotropy required for high-resolution solution NMR is then lost. However, if the immobilized protein molecule
Oxytocin (OT) and vasopressin (VP) are neurohypophyseal hormones with potent stimulatory actions on the uterus. In order to determine whether these hormones may have a paracrine action on the uterus, OT and VP gene expression was studied in myometrium from pregnant rats at gestational ages of 14 and 20 days, and from ovariectomized animals treated with oestradiol and progesterone. OT and VP mRNA c
Liquid-crystalline cubic-phase nanoparticles (CPNPs) (known as Cubosome particles), based on the lipid glycerol monooleate and stabilized by the nonionic block copolymer Pluronic F-127, interact with supported model membranes consisting of dioleoylphosphatidylcholine (DOPC) in a complex and dynamic fashion. Neutron reflectivity measurements on the interaction of CPNPs with bilayers of different co
Nitrous oxide, carbon dioxide and methane are greenhouse gases (GHG) emitted from wastewater treatment that contribute to its carbon footprint. As a result of the increasing awareness of GHG emissions from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), new modelling, design, and operational tools have been developed to address and reduce GHG emissions at the plant-wide scale and beyond. This paper reviews t
Introduction Health technology assessment (HTA) is an area that remains less implemented in low- and lower middle-income countries. The aim of the study is to understand the perceptions of stakeholders in Uganda toward HTA and its role in decision making, in order to inform its potential implementation in the country. Methods The study takes a cross-sectional mixed methods approach, utilizing an a
Endocrine disrupting compounds (EDC) have the potential to seriously impact ecosystems and humans. To date, numerous techniques have been investigated for removing such contaminants from water, including biodegradation, photocatalysis, ozonation, and the Fenton process. However, these methods are expensive from the perspectives of equipment and operating costs. Herein, we investigated the use of e
Mäns våld mot kvinnor är ett utbrett problem i samhället som innefattar systematiserat psykiskt och fysiskt våld. Våldets normaliseringsprocess leder till svårigheter att lämna relationen och kan i slutändan innebära att kvinnan ser dödande av mannen som den enda utvägen. Det råder en diskussion huruvida denna handling kan omfattas av nödvärn som ansvarsfrihetsgrund. Svårigheter råder i att avgöraMen's violence against women is a widespread problem in society that involves systematic psychological and physical violence. The normalization process of violence leads to difficulties in leaving the relationship and may ultimately entail that the woman perceives the killing of the man as the only way out. There is a discussion as to whether this act can be covered by self- defense as a basis
