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This thesis will clarify the notion of individual concern and its use by the ECJ, through an analysis of case law and a Lockean analysis of the EU. The thesis takes it outset in the case law of the ECJ and will show, through a thorough analysis of a selected part of the case law, that this is inconsistent and unstable, leaving individuals with legal uncertainty and little hope of accessing the CFI
My thesis consists of three main parts. The first part, Chapter 2, describes the legal framework regulating free movement of goods, with the focus on quantitative restrictions in the EC. The starting point of this chapter is the current approach to harmonization in completing the internal market. This section considers the limits of economic integration prior to 1986 and the important steps taken
International migration facilitated by contemporary globalization has brought about feelings of insecurity in terms of identity for both the host societies as well as incoming immigrants posing a major obstacle in host countries to integrate immigrants into society. In such context, social exclusion and discrimination can occur. The author argues that this is not a one-directional process. In orde
The demand from the aircraft industry of light and stiff structures along with fast manufacturing processes has increased through the last decade. This master thesis is carried out at Saab Aeronautics with purpose of developing a new concept for the horizontal stabilizer to the turboprop aircraft SAAB 2000. To specify the project, only the torsion box, including spars, ribs and skins are considere
This thesis aims to explain the rise of CSR and the increasing private sector strategies within foreign aid in Sweden. The theoretical approach is grounded in three hypotheses that could explain the rise of this I) that the global idea on a changed role for business has fostered the development II) that it is due to a conservative more pro-business government in power or III) that it is a developm
Problem: Why are not existing energy efficient techniques utilized? Which aspects influence the decision? Is the decision-making-process in need of a complementary tool for energy efficiency-profitability calculating? Purpose: The primary purpose of this report is to examine the critical elements of the decisions making process concerning energy efficient investments. The secondary purpose of this
The climate on earth is changing and to deal with this problem, a method called climate change adaptation is used. Some researchers consider this a new method while others claim that it is a version of risk management. Based on this discrepancy, this master thesis aims to answer the following research question “What are the differences and similarities in practice between climate change adaptation
2006 genomfördes en reform av den svenska asylprocessen. Det tidigare systemet hade utsatts för stark kritik, och särskilt överklagandeinstansen, Utlänningsnämnden, hade blivit en symbol för en godtycklig, och samtidigt restriktiv asylpolitik. I och med reformen ersattes Utlänningsnämnden av tre Migrationsdomstolar och en Migrationsöverdomstol. Det uttryckliga målet var att öka öppenheten och rättIn 2006 a reform of the Swedish asylum process took place. The former system had been the object of strong criticism, and especially the appellate body, the Aliens Appeals Board, had become a symbol of an arbitrary, and at the same time restrictive asylum policy. In the reform the Aliens Appeals Board was replaced with three Migration Courts and one Migration Court of Appeal. The outspoken aim was
Problem: Scania Commercial Vehicles (Scania CV) initiated the project, as a result of a vision regarding future preventive maintenance (PM) programmes. This vision and its core concepts will impose great changes to the way PM for heavy trucks are viewed upon at Scania CV. Within this vision many questions have risen, one of which is: How does one measure the performance of a preventive maintenance
This study evaluates a new pedagogic approach implemented in material courses for product design students at bachelor level education. Material education within the field of design education at technical faculties has, in general, a strong technical focus, e.g. selecting materials with predominant focus on engineering properties of materials. Product design education at a bachelor level need to of
The energy intensive industry, producing basic materials, is responsible for 25 to 30% of today's global greenhouse gas emissions. The future supply of GHG neutral basic materials (e.g. steel, cement, aluminium, plastics, etc.) is a necessity for building a sustainable modern society. Deep decarbonisation of the energy intensive industries is technically possible but will require a major systemic The energy intensive industry, producing basic materials, is responsible for 25 to 30% of today's global greenhouse gas emissions. The future supply of GHG neutral basic materials (e.g. steel, cement, aluminium, plastics, etc.) is a necessity for building a sustainable modern society. Deep decarbonisation of the energy intensive industries is technically possible but will require a major systemic
Theories based on optimal sampling by the retina have been widely applied to visual ecology at the level of the optics of the eye, supported by visual behaviour. This leads to speculation about the additional processing that must lie in between-in the brain itself. But fewer studies have adopted a quantitative approach to evaluating the detectability of specific features in these neural pathways.
A low-cost microstrip patch antenna array is proposed in this paper for automotive radar applications in ISM 24 GHz band. The elements of the center-fed array are connected in series to make a compact design with low complexity by obviating Wilkinson power divider. This approach also helps to reduce the dielectric losses of the array. A full-wave electromagnetics (EM) software EMPIRE XPU is used i
Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to investigate and analyze the brand creation process employed by international football clubs in relation to their brand identity. Methodology - The methodology for this paper utilizes a qualitative research approach with a multiple case study of four different football clubs, in support of a literature review, and with a proposed theoretical brand identity
Processes with long dead times are among the most difficult to control. This has urged the development of controllers that cope with this kind of delays. A possible approach is to use a model predictive controller, i.e. a controller with an internal model of the process and its dead time. In ABB’s new control system, Control IT, there exists such a controller, namely the PPI controller. PPI stands
During the last decades, there have been tremendous improvements in Silicon-based transistor technologies such as operational speed increase as well as size and cost reduction. However, the bandwidth in modern processors is significantly limited by the data transfer in the metallic interconnects. Inspired by the long-range telecommunication technologies, the industry is developing the field of int
Minorities falling under the Article 27 of the International Covenant on Civil, Cultural and Political rights, that is, individuals belonging to national, ethnic, religious or linguistic minorities possess characteristics that form part of their identity and differ from the characteristics possessed by the majority population of the state. Because of these particularities, minorities can be often
This research project provides insights in how knowledge workers make sense of their context of job insecurity in terms of motivation and aims to develop a theoretical understanding on motivation from a more conceptual point of view. There are several universally acknowledged motivation theories that claim to explain what motivates people. According to these theories, the job-threatening situation
