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Popular Abstract in Swedish Målet avhandlingen har varit att undersöka möjligheten att bygga en kvantdator i kristaller dopade med joner av sällsynta jordartsmetaller. Det har visat sig att sådana joner har en väldigt lång livstid, vilket är en förutsättning för de typer av experiment som har utförts i den här avhandlingen. För att ytterliggare förhindra att de känsliga tillstånden i jonerna störsThis thesis describes a number of coherent processes, such as quantum information processing, superradiance and electromagnetically induced transparency, which have been experimentally implemented using rare-earth-ion-doped crystals. The rare-earths are a class of elements that have in common, an atomic structure that allows for very long lifetimes as well as coherence times, both on optical trans

Esters of phosphoric acid constitute a sizable fraction of the total phosphorus supply in the environment and thus play an important role in the global phosphorus cycle. Enzymatic hydrolysis of these esters to produce orthophosphate is often a required reaction preceding phosphorus uptake by plants and microorganisms. Generally, adsorption to environmental particles is assumed to limit this proces

The complexity of systems for automatic control and other safety-critical applications grows rapidly. Computer software represents an increasing part of the complexity. As larger systems are developed, we need to find scalable techniques to manage the complexity in order to guarantee high product quality. Memory management is a key quality factor for these systems. Automatic memory management, or

The major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) has recently been shown not only to present antigens to the immune system but also to mediate transmembrane signaling, resulting in activation, inactivation, or apoptosis. Such signaling has been observed in both normal and malignant cells of the B and T cell lineage. Cross-linking of MHC-I on the pre-B- acute-lymphocytic cell line KM-3 induces

Experimental studies of laser-driven acceleration of charged particles, in particular electrons and protons, are described in this dissertation. Tightly focused femtosecond laser pulses with intensities exceeding 1018 W/cm2 were used to accelerate charged particles to high energies over distances of a few millimeters. Although the transverse fields of such laser pulses are sufficient to directly a

The white light LEDs of today are usually based on a blue LED and a phosphor, converting the blue light to longer wavelengths. While these phosphor-converted LEDs are extremely efficient compared to incandescent light or fluorescent light, there is still plenty of room for improvement. In the conversion between blue light and light of lower energy approximately 25-45 % of the radiant power is lost

Inte bara kor läcker metan... ... växter kan också släppa ut metan under vissa förhållanden. Ibland tar de även upp metan. Mitt arbete hade som mål att studera metanutbytet mellan trädstammar och atmosfären i en nordisk skog. Metan bidrar näst efter koldioxid mest till nuvarande ökning av växthuseffekten: Vi vet att metaninnehållet i atmosfären ökar men är osäkra på var metan kommer ifrån. TradiThe role of vegetation in the global CH4 budget and the processes involved in CH4 emission by plants have been subject to debate in the past couple of years. This study contributes to this field of research by studying CH4 fluxes between tree stems and the atmosphere on pinus sylvestris and picea abies in a boreal forest using chamber measurements. Additionally to CH4 fluxes, CO2 and H2O fluxes, s

Under det senaste året har en rad uppmärksammade händelser med kopplingar till nazistiska grupper, som t.ex. demonstrationer och brutala överfall, ägt rum i Sverige. Dessutom har media vid ett flertal tillfällen rapporterat om att Sverige upprepade gånger kritiserats av FN:s rasdiskrimineringskommitté (CERD). Kritiken har handlat om att landet inte har rättat sig efter art. 4 (b) i FN:s internatioIn the last year a number of notable events with ties to Nazi groups, such as demonstrations and brutal attacks, have occurred in Sweden. The media has also reported on numerous occasions that the UN Committee for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination (CERD) has repeatedly criticized Sweden. The criticism has focused on the fact that the country has not complied with Article 4 (b) of the UN Con

Abstract Title: The Future of ABC at Sandvik Tooling – Incorporating ABC with information systems in order to drive business development from a cost point of view. Authors: Jenny Andersson and Camilla Salomonsson. Supervisor: Charlotta Johnsson – Department of Automatic Control, Lund University. Carl-Henric Nilsson – Department of Business Administration, Lund University. Mats Jacobsson – Tooling

‘Bread from Scratch’ is a reaction to the fact that many people don’t know how food is made anymore. Fast foods and other kinds of processed foods determine our daily life. Affected by industrialised food production and peoples eating behaviour, the knowledge of basic food production slowly disappears. Bread is one of humans oldest foods and even today it is one of the most essential and univers

Det kan anses otillfredsställande att döma den som har haft en central och avgörande roll i brottet, även utan fysisk närvaro och fysiskt bidrag vid brottstillfället, som medverkande. Varken den svenska lagstiftaren eller rättspraxis har ställt upp tydliga kriterier för (med)gärningsmannaskap. I NJA 2006 s. 535 gjorde Högsta domstolen ett varsamt försök att uppställa vissa kriterier/utgångspunkterThe Swedish law has not set forth any evident and accurate criteria for (co-)perpetration. The minimum requirement for (co-)perpetration in Swedish law is support/encouragement and a decisive influence on the occurrence of the crime. Should the person who is the “mastermind” behind the crime but is not physically present or hasn’t physically contributed at the commission of the crime be regarded a

Denna uppsats har sökt fastställa gällande rätt i frågan om när en angripen person som tidigast kan luta sig på nödvärn i sina försvarsåtgärder. Både Sveriges och Norges rättsliga lösningar på problemet har behandlats. Metoderna som har använts har varit rättsdogmatisk metod och komparativ metod. Enligt svensk rätt tillfaller nödvärnsrätt den som befinner sig under ett ”överhängande brottsligt anThe subject of this essay has been to determine the content of established law, concerning at what time an attacked person is entitled to self-defence at the earliest. Both Sweden and Norway’s legal solutions have been studied, using a legal dogmatic method, and a comparative legal method. The right to self-defence is, according to Swedish law, ensured to a person subject to an ”imminent criminal

The availability of a “male network” of family members and/or friends may be decisive for the outcome of a woman’s asylum application. As it is recognised under the jurisprudence of ECtHR and Swedish asylum adjudicators that women, who originates from countries where societal structures maintain women’s reliance on men, are particularly vulnerable. The Migration Agency, the Swedish decision-making

The generation of phenotypes in nature is not boundless. They are governed by natural selection as well as genetic and developmental processes that precede selection. When the developmental process itself is biased, it promotes or prevents certain phenotypes from being formed which in turn could impact the course of evolution. Despite the solid theory behind developmental bias, its exact influence

Klinopyroxen har förmågan att kristallisera över ett stort intervall av temperatur, tryck och kemisk sammansättning; därför är de optimala för att studera historien för ett magmatiskt system. I den här uppsatsen analyserades fyra klinopyroxenkristaller i en ankaramit med fokus på kemi och zonering. Ankaramitprovet härstammar från Tenomassivet, Teneriffa, och bildades troligtvis i ett utbrott som sClinopyroxenes have the ability to crystallize over and respond to a large range of temperatures, pressures and chemical compositions, and thus, they are ideal for studies regarding the history of magmatic systems. In this thesis, the chemistry and zoning of four clinopyroxene crystals from an ankaramite sample from the Teno massif, Tenerife, were analysed. The ankaramites in Teno massif were, acc

Mitt examensarbete har varit en utforskande process i hur arkitektur förhåller sig till landskap och natur. Arbetet har resulterat i ett exempel på hur mitt förhållningssätt skulle kunna anpassa sig och landa på en plats med vissa givna förutsättningar. Exemplet tar form i ett galleri och café vars arkitektur följer och ställer ut platsens subtila förändringar och övergångar i landskap och natur. My degree project has been an explorative process in how architecture relates to the landscape and its nature. The result of my work is an example in how my approach could adapt to a place with certain given conditions. The example is portrayed as a gallery and café whose architecture follows and exhibit the subtle changes and transitions in the landscape and surrounding nature. The location of

Background: Drug therapy in primary care is a challenge for general practitioners (GPs) and the prescribing decision is influenced by several factors. GPs obtain drug information in different ways, from evidence-based sources, their own or others? experiences, or interactions with opinion makers, patients or colleagues. The need for objective drug information sources instead of drug industry-provi

This thesis addresses a challenge in continuous high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC): ensuring reliable, timely supply of buffer solutions. As biopharmaceutical production increasingly moves toward continuous operation, buffer management becomes critical, since chromatography requires multiple buffer types with precise compositions for washing, elution, equilibration, and regeneration. In