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To explain reciprocity, direct or indirect, several proximate mechanisms have been proposed, yet little attention has been given to the specific underlying cognitive mechanisms. Regardless of what proximate rules underlie reciprocity, some kind of memory would be paramount. Corvids in general, and ravens, Corvus corax, specifically, have been shown to possess an array of sophisticated cognitive me
A high standard of planetary protection is important for astrobiology, though the risk for contamination can never be zero. It is therefore important to find a balance. If extraterrestrial life has a moral standing in its own right, it will also affect what we have to do to protect it. The questions of how far we need to go to protect extraterrestrial life will be even more acute and complicated w
PURPOSE: Several earlier studies have assessed survival in prostate cancer based on familial risk of this disease. As a novel concept, we posit that factors governing survival in prostate cancer are likely to be different from those governing risk of prostate cancer. To prove this, we searched for familial clustering of survival (ie, concordance of survival among family members).PATIENTS AND METHO
Variable compression ratio (VCR)and variable valve timing (VVT)are two effective strategies to adjust the effective compression ratio, which is beneficial for controlling the combustion process of advanced combustion modes. In this study, systematic evaluation of the two strategies was conducted based on reactivity controlled compression ig
Precarious employment (PE) has been linked to adverse health effects, possibly mediated through psychosocial hazards. The aim of this cross-sectional study is to explore if higher levels of PE are associated with psychosocial hazards (experiences of violence, sexual harassment, bullying, discrimination, high demands, and low control) and to explore gender differences in these patterns. The study i
Background: Crucial to the success of clinical trials targeting early Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is recruiting participants who are more likely to progress over the course of the trials. We hypothesize that a combination of plasma and structural MRI biomarkers, which are less costly and non-invasive, is predictive of longitudinal progression measured by atrophy and cognitive decline in early AD, pro
Linear chromosomes of eukaryotic cells require the presence of functional nucleoprotein terminal structures, known as telomeres, to protect the integrity of the genome. The telomere is a highly dynamic and regulated structure constituted by short tandem DNA repeats rich in guanine nucleotides that extent as double-stranded DNA ending in a single-stranded 3′ overhang. An abundant number of proteins
BACKGROUNDAutomated information extraction with natural language processing (NLP) tools is required to gain systematic insights from the large number of COVID-19 publications, reports and social media posts, which far exceed human processing capabilities. A key challenge for NLP is the extensive variation in terminology used to describe medical entities, which was especially pronounced for this ne
Den 8 november 2024 infördes den nya förverkandeformen självständigt förverkande i 36 kap. 5 § BrB. Bestämmelsen innebär att egendom numera kan förverkas utan att åklagaren behöver styrka att något konkret brott har begåtts. För att förverka egendom genom självständigt förverkande är det tillräckligt att åklagaren gör det ”klart mera sannolikt” att egendom härrör från någon ospecificerad brottsligOn 8 November 2024, a new form of confiscation, independent confiscation, was introduced in Chapter 36 Section 5 of the Penal Code. The provision enables property to be confiscated without the prosecutor having to prove that any specific crime has been committed. It is sufficient that the prosecutor makes it "clearly more probable" that the property originates from some kind of criminal
I takt med att samhället utvecklas förändras också våra uppfattningar om yttre skönhet. Med dagens media exponeras vi ständigt för olika värderingar knutna till kropp och utseende vilket medför att allt fler individer utesluts av de närmast ouppnåeliga normer som skapas. Detta utanförskap riskerar att leda till allvarliga fysiska och psykiska problem. Ett av de mest inflytelserika tillvägagångssAs society evolves, so do our perceptions of external beauty. With today's media, we are constantly exposed to different values associated with body and appearance, which means that more and more individuals are excluded by the almost unattainable standards that are created. This isolation risks leading to serious physical and mental health problems. One of the most influential ways for commu
This project presents the design and development of “Breathe Right,” a wearable AI-powered device and app aimed at promoting a regulated and healthy breathing pattern. Our breathing pattern plays a significant role in both our physical and mental health. Even if we don’t realize it, there are proper and improper ways to breathe, and an unregulated breathing pattern can unconsciously harm our healt
Den svenska rätten innehåller regler om rättskraft, vilket innebär att samma sak inte ska prövas på nytt och syftar till att ge parterna förutsebarhet och trygghet. Vad som anses utgöra sakens identitet är omdiskuterat och flera olika teorier har presenterats inom den juridiska litteraturen. Enligt mig kan rättskraftens omfång och samma sak sammanfattas enligt följande kumulativa kriterier: i) väsSwedish law contains provisions on res judicata, which ensures that the same matter is not subject to re-examination, thereby providing parties with predict-ability and security. The framework for determining the identity of the matter is debated, with several theories proposed within the legal literature. In my view, the scope of res judicata and the concept of the same matter can be summarized b
In a phase of instability during the dynamical evolution of some multiple exoplanetary systems, exchange of angular momentum and/or energy through gravitational interactions between planets will lead to alterations of their orbital properties. In some cases, planetary orbits end up crossing, which leads to close encounters between two planets. In turn, they undergo a planet--planet scattering even
I det internationella samarbetet som rör utlämning på grund av brott finns den folkrättsliga principen aut dedere aut judicare. Den innebär att om en stat vägrar att utlämna en person, ofta mot bakgrund av att personen är medborgare i den staten, kan staten åta sig att lagföra personen för den brottslighet hen är misstänkt för. Uppsatsens fokus har varit att utreda ifall en sådan lagföring regelmäThe principle aut dedere aut judicare can be found in international cooperation concerning extradition for criminal offences. The meaning of the principle is that if a state refuses to extradite a person, often on the grounds that the person is a citizen of that state, the state can undertake to prosecute the person for the crime he or she is suspected of. The focus of this thesis has been to inve
The self-screening error in the GW approximation is studied by applying correction schemes beyond the random-phase approximation in model and ab inito calculations. Two model systems in the form of Hubbard dimers, with one and two orbitals per site respectively, are considered. Both the self-screening (GW-ss) and self-polarization (GW-sp) correction schemes are compared to ordinary GW calculations
Solar energy is one of the most promising solutions for the energy crisis due to its wide availability and cost-effectiveness. Solar cells have long been used to convert solar energy to electricity, but due to the high cost and difficult processability of the widely available and commercialized silicon solar cells, replacing them with new technology has always been of interest for researchers. Rec
My intention with this paper is to describe and discuss the change in natural science from enlightentment to the romantic period in the context of Sweden also the legacy after Carl Von Linné and the detainment of Linnés ideas of nature outside the Swedish borders. I have used the common method of history of ideas, since describe ideas in their own context. In my theoretical starting points Wilhelm
