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OBJECTIVE— The purpose of this study was to assess the role of household conditions for the progression to diabetes in women with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS— A total of 461 women, aged 50–64 years, with IGT defined by an oral glucose tolerance test, had baseline advice on physical exercise, diet, smoking, and alcohol habits. Physical examination, blood tests, an
Background Job strain (high demands and low decision latitude) and the DID genotype of an I/D polymorphism in the adrenergic alpha(2B)-receptor have been associated with hypertension, respectively. We hypothesized that the I/D polymorphism interacts with external stress, such as job strain, in the development of hypertension. Methods A sample of 3045 employed men and women from the population coho
OBJECTIVE - To study the effect of the short-acting insulin secretagogue nateglinide in patients with maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 3 (MODY3), which is characterized by a defective insulin response to glucose and hypersensitivity to sulfonylureas. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - We compared the acute effect of nateglinide, glibenclamide, and placebo on prandial plasma glucose and serum i
Objectives: Powder painting is an alternative to solvent-based spray painting. Powder paints may contain organic acid anhydrides (OAAs), which are irritants to the airways and may cause sensitisation. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of respiratory symptoms and immunological response among powder painters and to describe the exposure to OAAs. Methods: In all, 205 subjects in 3
Background: BARD1 was originally identified as a BRCA1- interacting protein but has also been described in tumour-suppressive functions independent of BRCA1. Several studies have indicated that the BARD1 gene is a potential target for germline changes predisposing to breast and ovarian cancer. The C- terminal Cys557Ser change has previously been uncovered to associate with an increased risk of bre
Background: Reduced quadriceps strength is an early finding in subjects with knee osteoarthritis, but it is not clear whether it is a cause or a consequence of knee osteoarthritis. Objective: To determine whether reduced functional performance in the lower extremity predicts the incidence or progression of radiographic knee osteoarthritis. Design: Prospective, epidemiological, population based c
BACKGROUND: Persistent organochlorine pollutants (POPs) may interfere with reproductive function but direct evidence in humans is very limited. METHODS: Fertility was examined in four regions with contrasting blood levels of POPs. Pregnant women and their partners in Warsaw (Poland), Kharkiv (Ukraine) and Greenland were consecutively enrolled during antenatal visits. Swedish fishermen and their sp
OBJECTIVE - Consumption of a meal high in resistant starch or soluble fiber (P-glucan) decreases peak insulin and glucose concentrations and areas under the curve (AUCs). The objective was to determine whether the effects of soluble fiber and resistant starch on glycemic variables are additive. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - Ten normal-weight (43.5 years of age, BMI 22.0 kg/m(2)) and 10 overweight
BACKGROUND. This study was performed in women who had attended the clinic for contraceptive advice to determine whether a history of casual sex with a foreign male, previously unknown to them (SFM) in their home country (Sweden), constituted an increased risk for acquiring sexually transmitted diseases (STD) as compared to women without such an experience (COMP). METHODS. Of 996 women enrolled, an
BACKGROUND: A standardised suction technique has been used to sample plasma proteins in dermal interstitial fluid (IF) serially for 5 to 6 days from a suction-induced skin mini-erosion. Increased protein concentrations ascribed to inflammation have been shown from day 1 onward. In this study, we assessed the effect of two different extraction pressures on IF sample composition. METHODS: Total prot
BACKGROUND: To compare women with and without a history of recurrent symptoms suggestive of a urinary tract infection but a current negative urine culture regarding symptoms and signs of a genital infection, carriership of sexually transmitted agents and vaginal flora changes, sexual behavior and genital hygiene practice. SETTINGS: Contraceptive attendees at family planning and youth clinics. MATE
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: In a randomized study of hemiparetic stroke patients with a median age of 75 years, functional recovery was significantly better in those who received additional sensory stimulation (n = 38), including electrostimulation, than in control patients (n = 40) given the same physiotherapy and occupational therapy; group differences for balance, mobility, and activities of daily
Objective: To study the follow-up of men with elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) (>3 ng/ml) after one benign set of sextant biopsies. From the Goteborg branch of the European Randomised Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer (ERSPC). Method: 456 men with one set of benign sextant biopsies were followed every second year for 4 years with PSA determinations. In cases of elevated PSA, transrect
Purpose: To study the effect of inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) on bone mineral density (BMD) in an observational longitudinal study. Methods: In 1995-97, as part of the Nord-Trondelag Health Study, Norway, 10,941 subjects aged 20yr or more, either reporting asthma diagnosis/asthma-related symptoms or randomly selected, were interviewed, underwent spirometry and had their forearm BMD assessed. Among
From 1975 through 1995, 45,025 knee arthroplasties were recorded in the prospective Swedish Knee Arthroplasty study. By the end of 1995, 1,135 of 14,772 primary unicompartmental knee arthroplasties (UKA) for localized, mainly medial arthrosis had been revised. The Marmor/Richards and St. Georg sledge/Endo-Link prostheses were used in 65%. Mean age at revision was 72 (71) years. 232 revisions were
Background: Vitamin A supplementation (VAS) at birth has been associated with decreased mortality in Asia. Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine is given at birth in tuberculosis-endemic countries. Previous studies suggest that VAS may influence the immune response to vaccines. Objective: Our objective was to examine whether VAS influences the immune response to simultaneously administered BCG vac
Context. Extremely metal-poor (EMP) stars preserve a fossil record of the composition of the ISM when the Galaxy formed. It is crucial, however, to verify whether internal mixing has modified their surface composition, especially in the giants where most elements can be studied. Aims. We aim to understand the CNO abundance variations found in some, but not all EMP field giants analysed earlier. Mi
