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Popular Abstract in Swedish Tänk dig ett system som kan bestämma hur olika typer av luftpartiklar skadar oss när dom hamnar i våra lungor. Ett system som dessutom kan skapa luftpartiklar för dessa studier vid behov och med väl uppmätta egenskaper. Denna avhandling handlar om just ett sådant system och experiment som är viktiga för att förstå om och hur det fungerar. Systemet kallas i denna avhandlExposure to nano-sized and nanostructured aerosol particles with tailored properties are likely to increase in society. Occupational exposure to various kinds of nanostructured aerosol particles such as soot and metal aggregates already exists. To understand the adverse human health effects of these particles, there is a need for systems that can Generate a stable output of aerosol particles, Char

With the urgent demand for ultralow-temperature refrigerators worldwide, the operation reliability and stability of the refrigeration system becomes greatly crucial. In this study, a -80 oC ultralow-temperature cascade refrigeration system (CRS) is developed. From aspects of global warming potential (GWP) and ozone depletion potential (ODP), the environmentally friendly refrigerants R290 and R170

The atmospheres of ultra-hot Jupiters are highly interesting and unique chemical laboratories. Due to the very high atmospheric temperatures, their chemical composition is dominated by atoms and ions instead of molecules, and the formation of aerosols on their day-sides is unlikely. Thus, for these planets detailed chemical characterisations via the direct detection of elements through high-resolu

In ultrafast spectroscopy, the temporal resolution of time-resolved experiments depends on the duration of the pump and probe pulses, and on the control and characterization of their relative synchronization. Free-electron lasers operating in the extreme ultraviolet and X-ray spectral regions deliver pulses with femtosecond and attosecond duration in a broad array of pump–probe configurations to s

Background Preeclampsia is considered a major cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. The aim of the present case-control study in Sweden was to assess the hypothesized association between low serum vitamin D concentrations in early pregnancy and the risk of developing preeclampsia since vitamin D may play a role in early placental development. Methods The study included 296 women dia

It is often a challenge for a child to communicate their pain, and their possibilities to do so should be strengthened in healthcare settings. Digital self-assessment provides a potential solution for person-centered care in pain management and promotes child participation when a child is ill. A child's perception of pain assessment differs when it is assessed using digital or analog formats. As w

Introduction: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is an established treatment option for early breast cancer, potentially downstaging the tumor and increasing the eligibility for breast-conserving surgery (BCS). The primary aim of this study was to assess the rate of BCS after NAC, and the secondary aim was to identify predictors of application of BCS after NAC. Materials and methods: This was an obser

Background: In Sweden, vaccine uptake is exceptionally high due to an efficient child immunization program. More than 97% of Swedish children were vaccinated at child health care centers (CHCs) according to the schedule at 2 years of age in 2021. From the age of 6 years, vaccinations are given within the school health care. Maintaining high vaccination coverage over time is one of the central moti

Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of relapse prevention (RP) as a treatment for internet gaming disorder (IGD). Design: Randomized controlled trial. Setting: Three child and adolescent psychiatry (CAP) units in Region Skåne, Sweden. Participants: Children aged 13–18 years, coming for their first visit to CAP during 2022, were screened for gaming behavior. Those who met the proposed DSM-5 c

For centuries, teaching classical instruments has exclusively relied on one-to-one tuition also when teaching young children. While this form of teaching has dominated Swedish Art and Music Schools (SAMS), lately there has been an increasing political, economic, and educational interest in group tuition. SAMS are publicly funded by the municipalities to be affordable also for children whose parent

Background Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is a rare inherited syndrome that predisposes the patient to cancer. Treatment of FAP-related ampullary lesions is challenging and the role of endoscopic papillectomy has not been elucidated. We retrospectively analyzed the outcomes of endoscopic papillectomy in matched cohorts of FAPrelated and sporadic ampullary lesions (SALs). Methods This retrosp

Lately there has been an increasing focus on saving peak power in heating systems as a way to lower the environmental load past just saving energy. At the same time, active cooling is becoming increasingly interesting. Sweden has more and more cooling systems with an increase in cooling also in residential buildings. The cooling power is much more expensive than the heating power. Therefore, there

Introduction: To develop the diving capacity in the Swedish armed forces the current air decompression tables are under revision. A new decompression table named SWEN21 has been created to have a projected risk level of 1% for decompression sickness (DCS) at the no stop limits. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety of SWEN21 through the measurement of venous gas emboli (VGE) in a dive s

Enhancers are short DNA segments (50–1500 bp) that effectively activate gene transcription when transcription factors (TFs) are present. There is a correlation between the genetic differences in enhancers and numerous human disorders including cancer and inflammatory bowel disease. In computational biology, the accurate categorization of enhancers can yield important information for drug discovery