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Popular Abstract in Swedish Talet om det mångkulturella i skolan och samhället: En analys av diskurser om det mångkulturella inom utbildning och politik åren 1973-2006 Det svenska samhället har under de senaste tre decennierna påverkats av debatter, rapporteringar och diskussioner om det mångkulturella samhället. Frågan om hur man ska handskas med ?det mångkulturella? har uppfattats och beskrivitThe debate on "multicultural issues" has had a considerable impact on society, and in Sweden, dealing with such issues has been described and defined as a major problem. The aim of the present thesis is to analyse the various contents of discourses on multicultural issues that have influenced education and policy documents during the period 1973-2006. On several occasions, the Swedish government h

Popular Abstract in Swedish Reumatoid artrit Reumatoid artrit (RA), på svenska ledgångsreumatism, är den vanligaste kroniska, inflammatoriska ledsjukdomen (artriten) bland människor. I Sverige är förekomsten i befolkningen omkring 0,7%, och bland 100 000 personer insjuknar ca. 50 årligen med denna diagnos. Könsfördelningen är dock ojämn, med en mer än dubbelt så stor risk för kvinnor att utvecklaObjectives: To study: (I) the impact on cost-utility analyses of applying different national EuroQol 5-Dimensions (EQ-5D) preference sets; (II and III) whether, in methotrexate-refractory, early rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the addition of infliximab results in superior health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and may be considered cost-effective, as compared to adding sulfasalazine and hydroxychloroq

Popular Abstract in Swedish HIV är en av de dödligaste farsoterna i världen och 30-40 miljoner människor beräknas ha dött AIDS. Genom att konstant förändra sig ligger viruset hela tiden ett steg före immunförsvaret, och immunförsvaret klarar därför inte av att bekämpa infektionen. HIV skiljer sig också från andra virus genom att det drabbar och långsamt utplånar immunförsvaret. Det gör att HIV kanThe two genetically related human lentiviruses known today, HIV-1 (which is pandemic) and HIV-2 (which mainly is confined to West Africa), are the causative agents of AIDS. Progressive immune dysfunction and AIDS develop in most cases of untreated HIV-1 infection, but only in approximately 25-30% of HIV-2 infected individuals. The V1-V3 region of the HIV-1 env gp120 is important for HIV-1 corecept

Popular Abstract in Swedish Stroke, eller slaganfall, är en sammanfattande benämning på sjukdomar som drabbar blodförsörjningen i hjärnan. Varje år insjuknar cirka 30000 personer i Sverige i stroke, av dessa drabbas cirka 15% av blödningar medan resterande 85% får infarkter, dvs blodpropp i hjärnan. Stroke upptar fler vårddagar i slutenvården än någon annan somatisk sjukdom. Medianåldern för insjuBackground Stroke is a serious vascular disorder that comprises intracerebral hemorrhages, subarachnoid hemorrhages and ischemic stroke (IS). The etiology of stroke, including hereditary components induced by cellular mechanisms, is therefore a research field of vital importance. The aim of this thesis was to assess possible genetic impact on stroke risk. We thus evaluated family history of strok

SummarySustainable sewage sludge management has been a heavily debated topic in Europe for more than a decade. Due to its content of pollutants such as heavy metals, pharmaceuticals and other organic micropollutants, the use of sewage sludge for farmland application is currently banned or restricted in most European countries. Therefore, alternative methods for sludge management are discussed. The

Heart failure (HF) is a morbid and heritable disorder for which the biological mechanisms are incompletely understood. We therefore examined genetic associations with HF in a large national biobank, and assessed whether refined phenotypic classification would facilitate genetic discovery. Methods: We defined all-cause HF among 488 010 parti

Stress, Unmanageability, FOMO, and Lack of Recovery: A New Perspective on Adolescent Mental HealthToday, many of the challenges that adolescents face involve mental health issues, some of which have the potential of negatively affecting them for a long time to come. There is, however, at present a lack of a detailed account on the mental health issues experienced by adolescents in Sweden. This stu

Importance: Low academic achievement (AA) in childhood and adolescence is associated with increased substance use. Empirical evidence, using longitudinal epidemiologic data, may provide support for interventions to improve AA as a means to reduce risk of drug abuse (DA). Objective: To clarify the nature of the association between adolescent AA and risk of DA by using instrumental variable and co-r

Importance: Disrupted sleep commonly occurs with progressing neurodegenerative disease. Large, well-characterized neuroimaging studies of cognitively unimpaired adults are warranted to clarify the magnitude and onset of the association between sleep and emerging β-amyloid (Aβ) pathology. Objective: To evaluate the associations between daytime and nighttime sleep duration with regional Aβ pathology

Aims/hypothesis: Data analyses from Swedish individuals with newly diagnosed diabetes have suggested that diabetes could be classified into five subtypes that differ with respect to the progression of dysglycaemia and the incidence of diabetes consequences. We assessed this classification in a multiethnic cohort of participants with established and newly diagnosed diabetes, randomly allocated to i

Popular Abstract in Swedish Förmaksflimmer är den vanligaste rytmrubbningen i hjärtat som kräver behandling. Risken att drabbas ökar med åldern och 8% av alla åttioåringar lider av förmaksflimmer. Förmaksflimmer är i sig inte livshotande, men den förhöjda risken för proppbildning i förmaken kan leda till allvarliga komplikationer såsom stroke. Det finns olika behandlingsstrategier för förmaksflimmThis thesis deals with signal processing algorithms for analysis of the electrocardiogram (ECG) during atrial fibrillation (AF). Such analysis can be used for diagnosing patients, and for monitoring and predicting their response to various treatment. The thesis comprises an introduction and five papers describing methods for ECG-based modeling and characterization of AF. Paper I--IV deal with meth

Popular Abstract in Swedish Avhandlingen innehåller fyra artiklar som berör olika aspekter av offentlig omfördelning i välfärdsstaten. Avhandlingen syftar till att ge kunskap om konsekvenser av, motiv för och mätande av och denna omfördelning. Den första artikeln ställer frågan: Hög hög skatteomfördelning från arbetande till icke arbetande kan motiveras av grundantagandet att naturresurser är gemThis thesis is an attempt to generate knowledge about the justification, measurement and consequences of public redistribution. The first paper poses the following question: How much redistribution from working to non-working can be justified by arguing that external resources are owned jointly by all, or that ownership should ideally be divided equally? This question is analyzed using bargaining

STUDY QUESTION: Does previous bariatric surgery (BS) in women affect cumulative live birth rate in IVF?SUMMARY ANSWER: Women having had BS seem to have the same cumulative live birth rate as non-operated women of the same BMI at IVF treatment.WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: Because of the perinatal risks of obesity to mother and infant as well as impaired outcomes of IVF, obese women are advised to reduce

The role of multiple groups of primary biological aerosol particles (PBAPs) as ice nucleating particles (INPs), and of ice formation processes such as time-dependent freezing of various INPs, and various secondary ice production(SIP) mechanisms in overall ice concentration has been evaluated in a range of cloud systems by simulating them numerically with the state-of-the-art ‘Aerosol-Cloud’ (AC) m

Popular Abstract in Swedish Med snabbare och pålitligare analysresultat finns stora möjligheter till ett ökat utnyttjande av avfallsresurser för produktion av förnybar energi. Resultat från min forskning gör det möjligt att analysera råvaror för biogasproduktion med större säkerhet och med möjligheten att få upp till nio gånger snabbare resultat. Produktion av biogas har under den senaste tiden öA sustainable treatment of organic wastes, generation of renewable energy, reduction of green house gas emissions, limiting the eutrophication and closing the nutrient cycles are several environmental challenges for which anaerobic digestion may be a suitable solution. There is today a large amount of available organic waste materials that could serve as potential feedstock for biogas production.

IMPORTANCE: Weight loss is common in primary care. Among individuals with recent weight loss, the rates of cancer during the subsequent 12 months are unclear compared with those without recent weight loss.OBJECTIVE: To determine the rates of subsequent cancer diagnoses over 12 months among health professionals with weight loss during the prior 2 years compared with those without recent weight loss

IMPORTANCE: Recent studies suggest standard reference intervals for serum free light chains (FLC) are inaccurate and that this problem can only be partially remedied by using separate reference intervals for individuals with impaired kidney function. This decreases the utility of FLC testing in the clinical evaluation and follow-up of plasma cell disorders, particularly affecting the diagnosis of

Abstract We studied the effects of UV-A radiation and predatory fish on mantle pigmentation of freshwater snails Radix balthica. The results showed that UV radiation and fish chemical cue induce larger ratios of pigmented area on mantle, respectively and when combined. UV radiation and predatory fish chemical cue seem to affect mantle pigmentation independently. The ratios (0~100%) of pigmented ma

When humans are involved, things can go wrong. This is a statement as factually true and yet dramatically undefined and dangerously ambiguous as any. No matter the industry or domain, where humans interact with other humans, perfect predictability is impossible and a focus on negative outcomes can seem natural. When outcomes are anything less than ideal and when these events and outcomes are made