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Popular Abstract in Swedish Inom området datorgrafik undersöker man hur virtuella scener kan omvandlas till verklighetstrogna bilder. För interaktiva miljöer, som exempelvis datorspel, måste en ny bild vara genererad och klar att visas på skärmen mellan 30-60 gånger i sekunden för att upplevelsen ska kännas responsiv och för att rörelser ska flyta på ett naturligt sätt. För att datorn ska hinna meThe field of computer graphics refers to the use of computers to generate realistic-looking images from virtual scenes. Graphics processing units use an algorithm known as rasterization to compute images of scenes viewed from a virtual camera. The commonly used pinhole camera model does not account for the imperfections that stem from the physical limitations in real-world cameras. This includes,

Objective: Screening for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) defined as an infrarenal aortic diameter (IAD) of ≥30 mm reduces mortality, but managing patients with diameters of 25 to 29 mm is debated. Incorporating body surface area into the diagnostic criteria may improve the identification of those at risk of developing treatment-requiring aneurysms in this group. In a previous study, we defined a r

Ectomycorrhiza (EM) is a symbiosis between soil living fungi and the roots of woody plants. EM fungal communities are important in forest nutrient cycling, they are species rich and their structures vary between habitats and over time. An EM community in a phosphorus-poor forest was exposed to apatite and EM mycelia actively colonizing ingrowth bags were analyzed. Internal transcribed spacer (ITS)

Den centrala frågan i denna framställning är huruvida det finns ett behov av förändring vad gäller livstidsstraffet i Sverige, och om frågan besvaras jakande, vad förändringen i så fall skulle bestå av. För att kunna besvara frågeställningen på ett tillfredställande sätt jämförs det svenska livstidsstraffet med de engelska och norska påföljdssystemen. Inledningsvis redogörs för olika bestraffningThe main point of this thesis is whether or not there is a need for modifications of the life sentence in Sweden, and should that be the case, how that modification is supposed to be constructed. To answer this in an adequate manner, the Swedish life sentence is going to be compared to the English and Norwegian equivalents. To start with, an account of different theories on penalization and princ

Solidariskt ansvar är huvudregeln när flera skadevållare gör sig skyldiga till en och samma skada. Solidariskt skadeståndsansvar innebär att skadelidande kan kräva en av skadevållarna på hela skadeståndsbeloppet som om skadevållaren skulle varit ensam ansvarig. Det krävs att de allmänna förutsättningarna för skadeståndsskyldighet är uppfyllda för var och en av skadevållarna. Den som har blivit kräJoint and several liability is the general rule in Swedish law when multiple guilty parties are responsible for one together caused damage. Joint and several liability means that the injured party can claim that just one of tortfeasors is held responsible for the entire amount of the damages like as if the tortfeasor was alone responsible for the whole damage. The general conditions for liability

Globally, around a third of all food produced is lost or wasted. This means a decrease in food available to meet global food demands, but also a loss in resources used for production, transportation and processing. With agricultural production currently facing new challenges including population growth and, increasingly, climate change, ensuring productivity and sustainability in agricultural prac

When building new constructions under ground level in cities it is important that the foundations of neighboring buildings are undisturbed. The regulations regarding soil deformations are hence very strict and conventional methods of predicting soil behavior is often too crude. Finite element calculations are therefore becoming an increasingly important tool used to predict soil behavior in and ar

I denna uppsats undersöks hur upphovsrättsliga avtal bör tolkas enligt den avkunnade dom som presenterades i referatet NJA 2025 s. 162, ”Deckarserien”. De centrala frågorna som behandlas i uppsatsen är hur specifikationsprincipen har tillämpats tidigare och om Deckarserien innebär något nytt för hur upphovsrättsliga avtal bör tolkas eller om rättsfallet endast innebär ett förtydligande av gällandeThis thesis examines how copyright agreements should be interpreted in light of the Swedish Supreme Court’s judgment in NJA 2025 p. 162, Deckarserien. The central questions that the thesis explores are how the specification principle previously has been applied in Swedish courts and whether Deckarserien introduced anything new regarding the interpretation of copyright agreements, or whether the ca

Europeiska unionens kommande utmaning av att möta och bekämpa klimatförändringar har resulterat i att frågan om vilka förutsättningar som finns för att beakta hållbarhetsaspekter inom ramen för tillämpningen av unionens konkurrensregler hamnat alltmer i fokus. Den 1 juni 2023 antog Europeiska kommissionen reviderade riktlinjer för tillämpningen av artikel 101 i fördraget om Europeiska unionens funThe European Union’s upcoming challenge in addressing and combating climate change has brought the question of under which conditions sustainability aspects can be considered in the application of the Union’s competition rules increasingly into focus. On June 1, 2023, the European Commission adopted revised Guidelines on the applicability of Article 101 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the Euro

N-Acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) is the most common form of sialic acid, a nine-carbon sugar often situated at the ends of glycoconjugates. Its unique reactivity makes it a complex substrate to work on, but new methods are continuously developed. In 2007, Ye et.al. reported a regioselective substitution by morpholine on position 4 of fully acetylated Neu5Ac, with retained stereochemistry. The anom

The United Nations (UN) sanctions regime was developed during the 1990's as an instrument to induce compliance with Security Council (SC) resolutions. The use of more comprehensive sanctions was criticised since it resulted in collateral damage including humanitarian distress. This brought Members of the UN to convene seminars where UN staff, academics and experts discussed how the sanctions r

Den 3 november 2016 överlämnade utredningen sitt betänkande Översyn av skattereglerna för delägare i fåmansföretag (SOU2016:75) till Finansdepartement. Utredningens uppdrag bestod dels i att se över fördelningsreglerna i det så kallade 3:12- systemet, dels beskattningen i ägarskiften. I direktivet betonade uppdragsgivaren behovet av en reglering som förhindrar inkomstomvandling, samtidigt som intrOn 3 November 2016 the Committee submitted its report on tax for owners of closely held companies (Swedish Government Official Reports series 2016: 75) to the Finance Ministry. The Committee's mission partly consisted of reviewing the allocation rules in the so called 3: 12- system and taxation in ownership. The directive stressed client need for a regulation that prevents income conversion, w

Den 1 juli 2018 trädde en ny lag om våldtäktsbrottet i kraft baserad på frivillighet. Överväganden kring ett införande av en samtyckesbaserad lagstiftning har pågått och omdebatterats under lång tid och två gånger tidigare har frågan utretts i 1998 års sexualbrottskommitté och 2008 års sexualbrottsutredning. Efter lagändringen 2018 är det tillräckligt med avsaknad av frivillighet vid deltagande i The 1st of July 2018, a new legislation regarding rape came into force, based on consent and voluntary participation. Considerations regarding a consent-based legislation has been ongoing and disputed, not least during the last century and twice before the question has been investigated in the 1998 sex crime committee and the 2008 sex crime investigation. Since the change it is no longer required

Electronic products consist of substances that can be harmful to human health and the environment if exposed or leaked during the product use and end-of-life phases. Full Material Disclosure (FMD), which usually requires suppliers to disclose on the concentrations or masses of all substances in a product, is one method of increasing supply chain transparency on chemicals in products. This case stu

Pallets are the most common tertiary packaging solution with over 80% the world trade currently being carried out using pallets. The most widely used pallet type is the four-way wood pallet which accounts for 86% of the pallet production worldwide and the most common pallet size is the Euro Pallet. A department at Tetra Pak called Additional Materials (AddMat) is mainly using Euro Pallets, which h

One response to mitigate climate change is the replacement of conventional products with more environmentally friendly ones. The increased popularity of organic food can be said to be an effect of this development. This popularity has in combination with the prosocial characteristic of organic food and its associated price premium made sustainable consumption a political question, as it raises que

Vi lever idag fortfarande i ett samhälle som präglas av klass. Två yrkesgrupper som kan anses falla in under olika samhällsklasser är läkare och taxiförare. I 1:9 regeringsformen (RF) stadgas att domstolar ska beakta allas likhet inför lagen, samt iaktta saklighet och opartiskhet. I 29:5 brottsbalken (BrB) anges en rad omständigheter, så kallade billighetsskäl, som rätten ska beakta, vilka är hänfStill to this day, our society is characterized by class. Two occupational groups that can be considered to fall under different social classes are doctors and taxi drivers. In chapter 1 section 9 Instrument of Government, it is stipulated that courts must consider everyone's equality before the law and observe objectivity and impartiality. Chapter 29 section 5 of the Penal Code specifies a nu

This thesis explores the way that the Multi-Level Perspective (MLP) can be used to understand the role of financial business services in sustainable transitions in agriculture. In doing so this thesis answered the following questions: How could the Multi-Level Perspective be used to understand the role of financial business services in sustainability transitions in agriculture? What questions may

Dagens samhällsutveckling och digitalisering har medfört en ökning av köp av digitalt innehåll och digitala tjänster. Mot bakgrund av de ändrade konsumentvanorna vad gäller köp av digitala produkter har en konsumenträttsreform genomförts. Den 1 maj 2022 trädde en ny konsumentköplag i kraft. Av särskilt intresse vid genomförande av reformen var de nya formerna för köp, där en köpare endast får tillToday's societal developments and increased digitalisation have led to an increase in the purchase of digital content and services. Due to the changing consumer habits regarding the purchase of digital products, a consumer law reform has been implemented. On 1 May 2022 a new Consumer Sales Act entered into force. In the implementation of the reform the new forms of purchase were of interest, s

I juli 2014 föreslog Europakommissionen ett cirkulärt ekonomipaket som skulle bidra till att göra EU mer resurseffektivt genom att recirkulera resurser in i det ekonomiska systemet. En cirkulär ekonomi syftar till att tillvarata värdefulla naturresurser samtidigt som man motverkar behovet av att extrahera nya. Det föreslagna paketet innehöll bland annat ändringar i avfallsdirektiven, höjda återvinIn order to become more resource efficient and circulate resources back into the economic system, the European Commission adapted a circular economy package in 2014. This is in line with the idea of a circular economy. This study investigates how the legislative proposal to review recycling and other waste-related targets in the EU, which was a part of the proposed circular economy package, would