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The relative complexity of the mechanisms underlying savanna ecosystem dynamics, in comparison to other biomes such as temperate and tropical forests, challenges the representation of such dynamics in ecosystem and Earth system models. A realistic representation of processes governing carbon allocation and phenology for the two defining elements of savanna vegetation (namely trees and grasses) may
The modeling of soot formation and oxidation under industrially relevant conditions has made significant progress in recent years. Simplified models introducing a small number of transport equations into a CFD Code have been used with some success in research configurations simulating a reciprocating diesel engine. Soot formation and oxidation in the turbulent flow is calculated on the basis of a
This thesis examines the social unfolding of the recent deplatformization of the far-right extremes on Telegram. Leaving prior approaches to moderation behind, this study asks questions around how moderation imprints itself on the complex terrain of meaning and practice, interacts with intensified reflexiveness of the social agents, and leaves affected collectivities changed in unanticipated ways.
Svenska samhället har på senare år drabbats hårt av organiserad brottslighet, med gängrelaterade konflikter som eskalerat och allt yngre individer som rekryteras till kriminella miljöer. Detta har lett till ett ökande gängvåld, inklusive skjutningar och sprängningar, vilket skapat oro bland allmänheten och myndigheterna. Polisen, som spelar en central roll i bekämpningen av denna brottslighet, harSwedish society has in recent years been severely affected by organized crime. Gang-related conflicts have been escalating and the recruitment to criminal environments goes further and further down the ages. As a result, this has led to an increasing amount of gang violence, including shootings and bombings, which has created a growing concern among the public and authorities. The police, who pla
Due to the intensifying impacts of climate change, accurate estimation of global carbon stocks is crucial, with aboveground vegetation biomass representing a significant carbon reservoir. Savannahs, which cover approximately 50% of the African continent, play a vital role in carbon storage, as trees within these ecosystems contribute substantially to the continent’s total carbon stocks. Estimating
This thesis aims at developing and evaluating a model for high frequency foreign exchange data, that beats the TWAP benchmark the majority of the time. This is done by dividing the total order time into smaller time buckets and trading a smaller quantity of the total order volume in each bucket. The second purpose of the thesis is to determine if there is an optimal bucket size in which to trade i
The aim of this thesis is to establish whether a neural network (NN) can be used for emulation of simulated global crop production - retrieved from the computationally demanding dynamic global vegetation model (DGVM) Lund-Potsdam-Jena General Ecosystem Simulator (LPJ-GUESS). It has been devoted to elaboration with various types of neural network architectures: Branched NNs capable of processing in
The European Union is facing several challenges of constitutional, democratic, political and social nature. One of these challenges is the EU’s ‘social deficit’. The European Commission has listened to the critique and committed itself to reorient the European integration project towards a ‘Social Europe’. The addition of social provisions to primary law through the Treaty of Lisbon, a promised re
Från år 2021 ska alla nybyggnationer i Europa vara nära-nollenergibyggnader. Detta innebär att byggnaders energianvändning bör vara låg och i mycket hög grad tillförs i form från förnybara energikällor som produceras på plats eller i närheten. Syftet med de höga energikraven är att påskynda takten för att skapa ett mer energieffektivt byggande. Den minskade energianvändningen tillsam-mans med en öFrom year 2021, all new buildings in Europe will be net zero-energy buildings. This means that the building's energy is supplied from renewable energy sources that are produced on site or nearby. The purpose of the high energy requirements is to accelerate the pace of creating more energy-efficient constructions. The reduced energy consumption, together with increased use of renewable energy,
Background: The current lack of knowledge among entrepreneurs to manage the e-commerce market has created an increased need for incubator activities and the support that incubators can assist entrepreneurs with. Incubators intend to contribute with support for companies by assisting with various services where the success of business development can lie in different combinations of these services
Popular Abstract in Swedish Den sydafrikanske författaren J. M. Coetzee, nobelpristagare 2003, är en komplex författare som räknas till en av samtidens största. Han har en unik politisk hållning i sina romaner och vägrar konsekvent att ge några enkla lösningar, istället drar han in läsaren och tvingar henne att bli delaktig i verkens problematik. I denna studie, den första avhandlingen på svenska This dissertation is a study of In the Heart of the Country (1977), Waiting for the Barbarians (1980), Age of Iron (1990), Disgrace (1999), Diary of a Bad Year (2007), and Summertime (2009) written by J. M. Coetzee. The aim of the dissertation is to analyze these works of fiction using four postcolonial aspects that function as consistent themes in the novels. The aspects are; the relationship bet
Allt eftersom vår förståelse om vår egen miljöpåverkan förändras, så förändras också begräns- ningsstrategierna vi använder för att förhindra och motverka dem. En viktig källa till antropo- gena utsläpp är avloppsvatten eftersom det innehåller patogener, näringsämnen, och mikroför- oreningar. Ett skifte mot källsorterat avloppsvatten under de senaste åren har öppnat dörren för att anpassa och fokuAs our understanding of the impact humans have on the environment changes, so too do the mitigation strategies we employ to prevent it. One major source of anthropogenic pollution is wastewater effluent. A shift towards source separation of wastewater into different streams in recent years has opened a door to tailor treatment to specific types of water. The largest propor- tion of domestic wastew
Unga lagöverträdare har sedan länge särbehandlats inom svensk straffrätt. Grunden för särbehandlingen bygger på unga lagöverträdares mognad, sanktionskänslighet och tolerans från samhället. Särbehandlingen är som mest omfattande för personer under 15 år och sträcker sig upp till 20 år. Under senare år har särbehandlingen av unga lagöverträdare varit under politisk diskussion och 2021 beslutade lYoung offenders have been treated different from other offenders within the Swedish criminal law system since decades ago. This is because of young offender’s maturity, sensitivity against sanctions and tolerance from society. The difference in treatment is most noticeable for individuals under the age of 15 but can as well be seen up to the age of 20. The special treatment of young offenders has
Frågan huruvida det kan medges avdrag för ingående mervärdesskatt på råd-givningstjänster som hänför sig till planering av avyttring av dotterbolagsak-tier har var prövats ett flertal gånger. Uppfattningen i tidigare rättspraxis har varit att anskaffning av rådgivningstjänster i samband med aktieavyttringar inte kan medges avdragsrätt. Detta grundar sig i att kostnaderna för rådgiv-ningstjänsternaThe question of whether input VAT on advisory services relating to the plan-ning of the disposal of shares in a subsidiary can be deducted has been exam-ined several times. The view of previous case law has been that the acquisition of advisory services in connection with share disposals cannot be deducted. This is based on the fact that the costs of advisory services are too closely linked to sha
En betydande del av alla offentliga upphandlingar leder till upprättandet av ramavtal. Denna avtalsform anses vara att föredra vid tillfällen då den upphandlande myndigheten har svårighet att på förhand avgöra vilken volym som kommer behövas, vid vilken tidpunkt leveransen ska ske samt vid osäkerhet kring den exakta utformningen av kontraktsföremålet. 2014 godkände Europaparlamentet tre nya direkA considerable part of all public procurements leads to the establishment of a framework agreement. This form of agreement is considered to be preferable at times when the contracting authority has difficulty to determine the volume that will be needed, at which point delivery is to take place and in the case of uncertainty about the exact framing of the subject- matter of the contract. In 2014,
Bitcoin mining is an industry which for many years has been criticized for its electricity consumption, which globally today equals roughly that of small countries such as Sweden, and its subsequent contribution to climate change. However, electricity consumption does not by default equals greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and not many studies have been done on the subject with a focus on Sweden, he
Under de senaste åren har efterfrågan på textilier ökat och andelen textilavfall som återvinns är i dagsläget liten vilket har lett till en ökad miljöpåverkan. Det finns därmed ett behov av nya återvinningsprocesser för textilier, där en möjlighet är att de-polymerisera cellulosa-baserade textilier till glukos genom en alkalisk förbehandling, följt av enzymatisk hydrolys. Att integrera textilåtervOver the past years there has been an increased environmental impact due to an increased textile demand. Only a small fraction of waste textiles is recycled today which indicates a requirement for new textile-recycling processes, where one possibility would be to depolymerize cellulose-based textiles into glucose, with an alkaline pretreatment followed by enzymatic hydrolysis. Due to a high energy
The usage of wind turbines during the latest years has grown substantially and are becoming an increasingly important source of renewable energy, as many countries are trying to reduce their reliance on fossil fuels. In order to increase the effect of the wind turbines the length of the blades has been increased, which has also led to an increase of the cross-section dimensions. This has led to ma
Purpose: Although past studies have found well-constrained soil carbon (C)/nutrient ratios, the effects of increased nitrogen (N) and water inputs on these ratios across soil depths have rarely been assessed in semi-arid grasslands. Methods: In this study, we evaluated the contents of total C, N, phosphorus (P), sulfur (S), and their stoichiometric ratios in a 0–80 cm soil profile following 13 yea
