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The functional role of aerobic lactate production in the rat portal vein was investigated. Changing substrate from glucose (11.5 mM) to pyruvate (11.5 mM) or beta-hydroxybutyrate (3 mM) had virtually no effect on spontaneous mechanical activity. Lactate production (FLA) was smaller with pyruvate than with glucose (0.05 +/- 0.01 vs. 0.14 +/- 0.03 mumol g-1 min-1, n = 4). Addition of 0.5 mM iodoacet
En grundläggande utgångspunkt enligt svensk lag, är att barn har rätt till umgänge med den förälder som barnet inte bor tillsammans med – men hur värnas denna rätt? Barn är omyndiga och har ingen legal möjlighet att väcka talan vid domstol i dessa ärenden. Enligt domstolsverket avgjordes dock cirka 3000 fall år 2009 avseende vårdnad, boende och umgänge vid domstolarna i landet. Närmare en halv mChildrens right of access to the parent with whom they don’t reside is a fundmental point of view according to Swedish law – but how is this right maintained? Children are regarded as minors and they have no means to institute legal proceedings before the court, in these matters. However, according to the national courts administration, around 3000 cases regarding custody, residence and access we
According to landscape theory proteins do not fold by localised pathways, but find their native conformation by a progressive organisation of an ensemble of partly folded structures down a folding funnel. Here, we use kinetics and protein engineering to investigate the shape of the free-energy profile for two-state folding, which is the macroscopic view of the funnel process for small and rapidly
This thesis critically examines the world of NGOs in contemporary Nicaragua, and suggests connections between the current development 'boom' and the emergence of a materially privileged local development elite, which by means of its cultural and economic capital are in a position to exiercise considerable power in relation to other less powerful strata of the population. It is based on fieldwork c
This essay investigates the effects of a same-sex teacher assignment on female and male 8th grade students in Australia and New Zealand using data from the Trends in Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS). I employ the first difference (FD) method introduced by Dee (2007) to analyze the impacts on students' math and science academic achievements, as well as their attitudes toward these subjects
Architectural education is most of the time based on architectural tasks with little connection to real circumstances of a building process. The projects focuses on design and the result of the projects is abstractions of the reality, such as drawings, diagrams and models. Architecture through practice aims to explore parts of the architectural practice which we usually don’t have to think about i
The human rights regime and the trade regime set obligations on states that may create conflicts that challenge a state’s autonomy for policy and regulatory practices. To deal with these conflicts, we argue that states employ different causal mechanisms from Risse, Ropp and Sikkink’s spiral model when setting their commitments to, and executing compliance with, these regime obligations, and that t
This paper provides a general framework for electromagnetic (EM) modeling, sensitivity analysis, computation, and measurements regarding the wave propagation characteristics of high-voltage direct-current (HVDC) power cables. The modeling is motivated by the potential use with transient analysis, partial-discharge measurements, fault localization and monitoring, and is focused on very long (10 km
Pheromone-based behaviours are crucial in animals from insects to mammals, and reproductive isolation is often based on pheromone differences. However, the genetic mechanisms by which pheromone signals change during the evolution of new species are largely unknown. In the sexual communication system of moths (Insecta: Lepidoptera), females emit a species-specific pheromone blend that attracts male
Objective. To investigate the impact on ICD coding behaviour of a new case-mix reimbursement system based on coded patient diagnoses. The main hypothesis was that after the introduction of the new system the coding of chronic diseases like hypertension and cancer would increase and the variance in propensity for coding would decrease on both physician and health care centre (HCC) levels. Design. C
Ultrafiltration failure ( UFF) is a common complication of long- term peritoneal dialysis ( PD). Functionally UFF is in most cases characterized by an enhanced peritoneal mass transfer area coefficient for glucose ( PSg) combined with a largely unchanged peritoneal glucose osmotic conductance ( LpS sigma(g)). Morphologically, marked UFF occurs with fibrosis of the submesothelial zone in the perito
Uppsatsen undersöker cyberoperationer inom jus ad bellum-regimen, där reglerna återfinns främst uttryckta i FN-stadgan. Inom ramen för arbetet är cyberoperationer försök att ändra, störa eller förstöra datorsystem eller nätverk, alternativt information eller program på dessa, med ett politiskt intresse eller säkerhetsintresse. Användning av traditionella vapen exkluderas från definitionen. FrågesThis thesis explores cyber operations under the jus ad bellum-regime, where the rules primarily are expressed in the UN Charter. Cyber operations are for the purpose of this thesis understood as attempts to change, disrupt, or destroy computer systems or networks, alternatively, programs or information on them, whilst having a political or security interest. The use of traditional weapons is exclu
The growing use of wind energy as major energy source, has led to the construction of large wind farms. The control of such wind farms is typically separated into control at wind turbine level and at wind farm level. The wind farm controller assures that the wind farm produces the demanded amount of power, by providing set-points for the turbines in the farm. The local turbine control assures that
Downsizing is a phenomenon that remarkably seldom has been the subject of historical inquiry. This study investigates how a state-owned enterprise, the Swedish Tobacco Monopoly, reduced its labour inputs because of changed consumer preferences and mechanization in the 1920s and 1930s. By combining qualitative and quantitative evidence, the study addresses questions about the ways of achieving redu
Today, Swedish women have one of the highest participation rates. In the nineteenth century, however, virtually no married women were recorded as working. Their participation rates started rising around the turn-of-the-century. Using full-count microdata from Swedish national censuses for the period 1880-1910, this paper aims to estimate the effects of various determinants on female labour supply.
Food production accounts for some of the most significant social and environmental impacts at global scale. Reliable information on who produced a product where and under what conditions is a critical enabler for meaningful action on some of the most pressing challenges. Third party certification and labelling remain widely used tools to identify sustainably produced commodities. Fragmented auditi
The aim of this study was to examine how professionals in the social services view and talk about the internal cooperation between specialised units at the social services office (i.e. a receiving unit and an investigative unit). The motivation for such a study was located in an identified paradox between rapid societal changes creating more complex client needs and the implementation of new publi
This study revives a heavily debated relationship between government debt accumulation and economic growth. Although indebtedness levels stay high, current economic growth forecasts seem optimistic not only in the euro area but in other advanced countries, as well. 24 advanced OECD economies are investigated to understand if financial outcomes are detrimental to the real economic variables in the
