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The DARPA Grand Challenge (DGC) 2005 was a competition, in form of a desert race for autonomous ground vehicles, arranged by the U.S. Defense Advanced Research Project Agency (DARPA). The purpose was to encourage research and development of related technology. The objective of the race was to track a distance of 131.6 miles in less than 10 hours without any human interaction. Only public GPS signa
Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) is a high value crop, grown mostly in temperate climate and is the source of 30% of the world’s sugar production. There is a high economic incentive to breed for better yielding crops, e.g genetic resistance against diseases. To investigate the effect of new genes in cultivar lines, genetically modified organisms (GMO) can be used but not commercially sold, according to
Plastic pollution is a severe global problem and every year approximately 368 million tons of plastic is produced. Both terrestrial and marine environments are impacted and hundreds of species affected. Marine plastic debris accounts for a weight of 268 940 tons and affects hundreds of marine species through habitat degradation, entanglement and ingestion. Microplastics (MPs) are a type of plastic
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colonises up to 30% of the population and is responsible for diseases ranging from mild skin infections to endocarditis, some of which result in death. This is due to the resistance of MRSA to several commonly used as well as last line antibiotics, complicating treatment further. This study examines clinical MRSA isolates with inactivating mutatio
Fingerprint recognition has become a popular authentication method in modern smartphones, replacing traditional passwords and PINs. However, smartphone fingerprint sensors are small and capture only partial fingerprints with limited resolution. Combined with varying image quality and inconsistent finger placement, multiple images must be stored per user to ensure reliable authentication. During ve
CONTEXT: The well-known side-effect profile of androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) has significant quality-of-life (QoL) implications. Intermittent androgen deprivation (IAD) alternates androgen blockade with treatment cessation to allow hormonal recovery between treatment cycles, thus potentially improving tolerability and QoL. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate available evidence regarding the efficacy and t
Background: This study investigates gaze behaviour in child dialogues. In earlier studies the authors have investigated the use of requests for clarification and responses in order to study the co-creation of understanding in a referential communication task. By adding eye tracking, this line of research is now expanded to include non-verbal contributions in conversation. Aims: To investigate
COVID-19 has affected the daily activities of people worldwide. Recommendations introduced to reduce the spread of the virus led to increased use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) to meet everyday needs. Such rapid digitalization had not been seen previously and not been possible to study before. Hence, this study aimed to identify and describe self-reported changes in usage of a
Inconel 718 is one type of nickel-based alloy used for a large range of applications, including gas turbines and aeroengines components. Although mechanical and thermodynamic properties of this material have been deeply studied in the past years, a method able to investigate local properties of the thin white layer formed on the alloy surface after machining remains challenging. Here, a 90 nm X-ra
Topography determines run-off direction, redistributes groundwater, and affects land surface solar radiation loads and the associated evaporative forcing, consequently, topography can modulate the impact of drought and heat waves on ecosystems. This topographic modulation effect, which typically occurs at the local scale, is often overlooked when assessing ecosystem drought responses using moderat
Objectives To determine the incidence rate (IR) of myocardial infarction (MI), relative risk of MI, and impact of incident MI on mortality in individuals with biopsy-confirmed giant cell arteritis (GCA). Methods MIs in individuals diagnosed with GCA 1998-2016 in Skåne, Sweden were identified by searching the SWEDEHEART register, a record of all patients receiving care for MI in a coronary care uni
BACKGROUND: Routine VTE prophylaxis within 30 days of radical cystectomy (RC) for urinary bladder cancer (UBC) is used to protect from venous thromboembolism (VTE). However, randomized studies and nationwide population-based studies are lacking. OBJECTIVE: To study VTE and risk factors for VTE in muscle-invasive UBC in a nationwide population-based series, with a focus on the association with RC w
Objective: The aim of this integrative review was to identify facilitators and barriers to patients’ well-being when being cared for in an ICU setting, from the perspective of the patients. Background: To become critically ill and hospitalised in an ICU is a stressful, chaotic event due to the life-threatening condition itself, as well as therapeutic treatments and the environment. A growing body
Chest computed tomography (CT) imaging with the use of an artificial intelligence (AI) analysis program has been helpful for the rapid evaluation of large numbers of patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. We have previously demonstrated that adults with COVID-19 infection with high-risk obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) have poorer clinical outcomes than COVID-19 patients with low-risk OSA. In the cur
Weight-related discussions during childhood may have long-lasting effects on children’s body image and well-being. However, little is known about how parents frame these discussions with children who have undergone treatment for obesity. Our study aimed to explore how parents perceive weight-related discussions, several years after their children started obesity treatment. This qualitative study i
Background: Enamelin is an enamel matrix protein that plays an essential role in the formation of enamel, the most mineralized tissue in the human body. Previous studies using animal models and proteins from natural sources point to a key role of enamelin in promoting mineralization events during enamel formation. However, natural sources of enamelin are scarce and with the current study we theref
The evolution of host range drives diversification in phytophagous insects, and understanding the female oviposition choices is pivotal for understanding host specialization. One controversial mechanism for female host choice is Hopkins’ host selection principle, where females are predicted to increase their preference for the host species they were feeding upon as larvae. A recent hypothesis posi
Background: Pancreatic cancer is a devastating disease with a dismal prognosis. Despite profound medical advances in systemic therapies for other types of aggressive tumours during recent years, a diagnosis of pancreatic cancer is still often synonymous with a fatal outcome. The term periampullary cancer includes pancreatic cancer and applies to the group of tumours found in proximity to the ampul
