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The problem of antibiotic resistance is rising continuously, creating a warning signal that calls for finding alternatives. Not only that, but there is also a rising demand for natural food preservatives. The pharmaceutical and food industry sectors are working on fulfilling these needs. This thesis is exploring possible solutions to these issues. The research studies presented here introduce the
BACKGROUND: Analyses of clinical outcomes following radiotherapy (RT) have advanced our understanding of fundamental radiobiological characteristics in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Low fractionation sensitivity appears to be a common feature, as well as susceptibility to changes in overall treatment time (OTT). Large tumors should be harder to cure if a successful RT requires the
Objective To date, the major pathways contributing to cardiovascular disease among night shift workers remain poorly understood. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified as novel regulators of cardiovascular risk factors and are estimated to control more than 30 candidate miRNAs among night shift workers.Materials and Methods RNA was extracted from plasma samples of 110 night and 90day shift worker
Background: Knee pain is often an early sign of knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Physical activities (PA) constitute the recommended regime to those affected. However, knee-loading PA at work is linked to an increased risk for KOA. The primary aim of this study was to investigate associations between knee pain and accelerometer-measured knee-loading PA, at work and leisure respectively. The secondary ai
BackgroundHematoma location may influence hematoma volume and risk of expansion, the strongest prognostic predictors in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). This study aims to determine differences in imaging and clinical factors affecting survival in patients with lobar vs. deep ICH.MethodPatients with spontaneous supratentorial ICH residing in Skåne county registered in the Swedish Stro
PurposeThe benefit of adding concurrent systemic therapy to definitive radiation therapy (RT) for patients with T1-2 oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) and limited neck node involvement is uncertain. This study investigates whether chemotherapy (CRT) in patients with early-stage (T1-2) low-volume nodal disease (Union for International Cancer Control Seventh Edition N1-2b) improves overa
Importance: Persistent disparities in mortality across countries suggest uneven improvements in living standards and access to life-extending health technologies, as well as context-specific obstacles. Studies have analyzed cross-country inequality in mortality but have not widely contextualized those disparities in terms of developmental progress relative to a frontier representing a level of mor
BACKGROUND: Nitrones such as 2-sulfo-phenyl-N-tert-butyl nitrone (S-PBN) are known to trap and stabilize free radicals and to reduce inflammation. Recently, S-PBN was shown to reduce infiltration of T lymphocytes and the expression of adhesion molecules on the endothelium in experimental traumatic brain injury. We hypothesized that S-PBN could reduce infiltration of T lymphocytes during cell-media
Microplastic (MP) pollution is increasingly recognized as a critical issue in coastal environments, where complex interactions between ocean currents, winds, waves, and human activities govern the transport and deposition of synthetic particles. Although previous studies in Asia have documented MPs accumulation linked to riverine discharge, tourism pressures, and monsoonal circulation, limited wor
PURPOSE: To investigate the incidence and causes of visual impairment in children born prematurely in Finland from 1972 through 1989, and to determine what conditions and factors were associated with its occurrence. DESIGN: Retrospective, cross-sectional study. SUBJECTS: All visually impaired individuals from 0 to 17 years of age who had been born at fewer than 37 gestational weeks in Finland from
The overall aim of the thesis was to study heart failure (HF) in an urban population, with reference to immigrant status, biological, life style and socioeconomic risk factors. The thesis is based on four papers. Paper I included inhabitants (N=114,917; aged 40-89 years) in the city of Malmö, Sweden, followed from November 1st, 1990 until December 31st, 2007. Paper II-IV used the population-based
Background: Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) carry independent prognostic information in patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) on different lines of therapy. Moreover, CTC clusters are suggested to add prognostic information to CTC enumeration alone but their significance is unknown in patients with newly diagnosed MBC. We aimed to evaluate whether longitudinal enumeration of circulating tumo
Objective: In March 2018, the Explorer study, an international, double-blind, randomised controlled trial (RCT), established that adding a TLC-NOSF (UrgoStart Contact, Laboratoires Urgo, France) dressing to good local standard of care (SoC) significantly and substantially increases wound closure and reduces the healing time of neuroischaemic diabetic foot ulcers (DFU). Besides the TLCNOSF treatmen
Giant planets migrate though the protoplanetary disc as they grow their solid core and attract their gaseous envelope. Previously, we have studied the growth and migration of an isolated planet in an evolving disc. Here, we generalise such models to include the mutual gravitational interaction between a high number of growing planetary bodi
OBJECTIVE: To assess the association of cardiometabolic risk factors with hospitalisation or death due to COVID-19 in the general population.DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Swedish population-based cohort including 29 955 participants.EXPOSURES: Cardiometabolic risk factors assessed between 2014 and 2018.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Hospitalisation or death due to COVID-19, as registered in nationwide
This thesis aims to acquire deep knowledge on turbulent premixed combustion at high Karlovitz (Ka) number conditions with the help of laser-based diagnostic measurements.Considering that ammonia (NH3), as a carbon-free energy carrier, is a promising candidate for replacing conventional fossil fuels in the future, all the investigations in this work were carried out on ammonia/air premixed flames.
Background: Acute Compartment syndrome (ACS) with subsequent need for fasciotomy is a serious and insidious complication after revascularization for acute lower limb ischemia (ALI). The development of ACS during endovascular catheter directed thrombolysis is particularly difficult to identify. The aim was to identify the incidence, predisposing factors, wound treatment, and outcome in terms of amp
Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are a major cause of disability worldwide, and two conditions that are major contributors to the overall burden of MSDs are fractures and osteoarthritis (OA). The Swedish Health and Medical Services Act (HSL 2017:30) states that the goal of all health care services is good health and health care on equal terms for the entire population. However, there exists a well
Soot, or black carbon (BC), aerosol is a major climate forcer with severe health effects. The impacts depend strongly on particle number concentration, size and mixing state. This work reports on two field campaigns at nearby urban and rural sites, 65gkm apart, in southern Sweden during late summer 2018. BC was measured using a single-particle soot photometer (SP2) and Aethalometers (AE33). Differ
