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Popular Abstract in Swedish Vi vill bevara naturbetesmarker och deras skönhet, vilken bland annat utgörs av de olika växtarter som förekommer där. Men idag finns det tyvärr inte många betesmarker kvar. Naturbetesmarkerna har under de senaste två sekelerna försvunnit på grund av ökad eller minskad markanvändning, där betesmarker blivit omvandlade till antingen åkermark eller skog. Bristen på betesmLarge areas of grazed, species rich semi-natural grassland were lost in Europe during the last two centuries and as a consequence led to decreases in grassland specialist species. Therefore, today the “restoration” of grassland on previously arable fields is recommended for the protection of grassland specialists. Even “substitute habitats” for lost grasslands are discussed as temporary alternativ

The purpose of this article is to present and discuss the development of a system for assessing and improving healthcare organisations. The system components comprise (1) a framework or model for assessing, measuring, diagnosing and improving healthcare organisations, (2) a simple methodology for data collection, data analysis and prioritising improvement areas and (3) an index named ILL (innovati

Dendrimers are polymers with unique properties that make them promising in a variety of applications such as potential drug and gene delivery systems. PAMAM dendrimers, in particular, have been widely investigated and are efficiently translocated into the cell. The mechanism of translocation, however, is still unknown. Recently it was proposed that PAMAM dendrimers are able to open holes in lipid

This thesis deals with control of production at large-scale process industrial sites in the presence of disturbances. The main focus is on disturbances in the supply of utilities such as steam, cooling water and electricity. A general method for reducing the revenue loss due to disturbances in utilities is introduced, which may provide both proactive and reactive disturbance management strategies.

Single-crystal neutron diffraction reveals two distinct components to the magnetic ordering in geometrically frustrated SrEr2O4. One component is a long-range ordered k = 0 structure which appears below T-N = 0.75 K. Another component is a short-range incommensurate structure which manifests itself by the presence of a strong diffuse scattering signal. On cooling from higher temperatures down to 0

Context. The inner disc, which links the thin disc with the bulge, has been somewhat neglected in the past because of the intrinsic difficulties in its study, among which crowding and high extinction. Open clusters located in the inner disc are among the best tracers of its chemistry at different ages and distances. Aims. We analyse the chemical patterns of four open clusters located within 7 kpc

The utility of the GHOST(3) cell assay has been evaluated for testing coreceptor use of primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates. GHOST(3) cells were derived from the human osteosarcoma cell line, HOS, and have been engineered to stably express CD4 and one or another of the chemokine receptors CCR3, CCR5, CXCR4, Bonzo, or the orphan receptor BOB. The Indicator cell line carries

Sampling is normally done periodically in time. For linear time invariant systems this leads to closed loop systems that linear and periodic. Many properties can be investigated by considering the behavior of the systems at times that are synchronized with the sampling instants. This leads to drastic simplifications because the systems can be described by difference equations with constant coeffic

Solutions to non-linear least squares problems play an essential role in structure and motion problems in computer vision. The predominant approach for solving these problems is a Newton like scheme which uses the: hessian of the function to iteratively find a, local solution. Although fast, this strategy inevitably leeds to issues with poor local minima, and missed global minima. In this paper ra

Abstract in German Die CEAP-Klassifizierung für chronische Venenleiden wurde 1994 durch ein internationales Ad-hoc-Komitee des American Venous Forum entwickelt, durch die Society for Vascular Surgery unterstützt und 1995 in die „Reporting Standards in Venous Disease“ inkorporiert. Inzwischen benutzen die meisten publizierten klinischen Arbeiten das CEAPSystem, ganz oder in Teilen. Um die KlassifizThe CEAP classification for chronic venous disorders (CVD) was developed in 1994 by an international ad hoc committee of the American Venous Forum, endorsed by the Society for Vascular Surgery, and incorporated into "Reporting Standards in Venous Disease" in 1995. Today most published clinical papers use all or portions of CEAP. Rather than have it stand as a static classification system, an ad ho

Background: Serial Analysis of Gene Expression (SAGE) is a functional genomic technique that quantitatively analyzes the cellular transcriptome. The analysis of SAGE libraries relies on the identification of ditags from sequencing files; however, the software used to examine SAGE libraries cannot distinguish between authentic versus false ditags ("quasi-ditags"). Results: We provide examples of qu

The CEAP classification for chronic venous disorders (CVD) was developed in 1994 by an international ad hoc committee of the American Venous Forum, endorsed by the Society for Vascular Surgery, and incorporated into "Reporting Standards in Venous Disease" in 1995. Today most published clinical papers on CVD use all or portions of CEAP. Rather than have it stand as a static classification system, a

In the study reported, the CreditGrades model was used to calculate credit default swap spreads and the spreads were compared with empirically observed CDS spreads for eight iTraxx indices covering Europe. Theoretical and empirical spread changes were found to be significantly correlated. Also, lagged theoretical spread changes were correlated with current iTraxx spread changes. The correlations i