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The oral contraceptive pill is associated with a modest increase in the risk of early-onset breast cancer in the general population, but it is possible that the risk is higher in certain subgroups of women. The relative risk of breast cancer associated with oral contraceptive use has been reported to be higher for African-American women than for white women. African-American women also have a high
Background: Child mortality differed greatly within rural regions in Europe before and during the mortality transition. Little is known about the role of nutrition in such geographic differences, and about the factors affecting the nutritional status and hence the disease outcomes.Objective: Focusing on nutrition, we analyse the effects of soil type, used as an indicator of the farm-level agricultBackground: Child mortality differed greatly within rural regions in Europe before and during the mortality transition. Little is known about the role of nutrition in such geographic differences, and about the factors affecting the nutritional status and hence the disease outcomes.Objective: Focusing on nutrition, we analyse the effects of soil type, used as an indicator of the farm-level agricult
This thesis studies the role of interaction between charged particles for transport and optical properties in nanostructures. Simulations are provided for a quantitative description of the system dynamics probed by either current spectroscopy or light absorption. In the first part of the thesis (Part I) the basic theories are described and in the second part of the thesis (Part II) the papers lis
Paying privately for childcare is a growing phenomenon, and its rise in Sweden is particularly interesting because of the vast prevalence there of publicly funded day care. This book combines family practice and childhood studies theory with the personal perspectives of nannies and au pairs, parents, and the children themselves, to provide new understandings of what constitutes ‘good care’. The au
A Bayesian assessment of the probability that the defendant in a criminal trial is guilty depends on the presumed base rate for guilt and the estimated likelihoods of the evidence. This article explores how the base rate shall be determined. Bayesian scholars have recommended a base rate of 1/N, where N is the number of ‘possible perpetrators’, but it is unclear how the reference class of possibleA Bayesian assessment of the probability that the defendant in a criminal trial is guilty depends on the presumed base rate for guilt and the estimated likelihoods of the evidence. This article explores how the base rate shall be determined. Bayesian scholars have recommended a base rate of 1/N, where N is the number of ‘possible perpetrators’, but it is unclear how the reference class of possible
Popular Abstract in Swedish Nivån på arbetsproduktivitet är särskilt betydelsefull i utvecklingsländer där det mesta av byggnadsarbetet utförs manuellt. Tidigare forskning har konstaterat att produktiviteten i byggindustrin är låg och i några fall sjunkande. Bristande produktivitet hos byggnadsarbetarna är en orsak till kostnadsöverskridande och förseningar av byggprojekt. Syfte med detta forskninProductivity of labour is particularly important especially in developing countries where most of the building work is still carried out on manual basis. Previous research has pointed out that productivity in the building industry is low and in some cases declining. Poor productivity of craftsmen is one of the causes of cost and time overruns on building projects. The objective of this research wa
Popular Abstract in Swedish POPULÄRVETENSKAPLIG SAMMANFATTNING PÅ SVENSKA Brott på strålbenet på handledsnivå (handledsbrott) är en av de vanligaste orsakerna till att patienter måste uppsöka en akutmottagning. Skadan drabbar oftast medelålders och äldre kvinnor. Skelettet blir skörare hos kvinnor efter klimakteriet, vilket lättare leder till ett benbrott. Medan brott på lårbenshalsen oftast drabABSTRACT Fractures of the distal radius are common injuries that may cause persistent disability and pain. This thesis prospectively investigates the incidence and characteristics of distal radius fractures, the relationship between fracture malunion and disability and the natural course of patient-reported outcome after fracture in a well-defined population in Northeastern Scania, Sweden. Further
Quantification using the Centiloid (CL) scale has become a valuable information to consider when interpreting amyloid-PET images and is now implemented in several software packages. This work aims to assess the comparability of CL from [18F]flutemetamol scans derived using several research and commercial quantification pipelines. Methods: This analysis relies on three datasets: a test-retest cohor
This study deals with two issues. One is the interpretation of reconstructions of Iron Age houses; and the other is whether virtual reality—i.e. 3D modeling—is a useful tool for this interpretation. Physical reconstructions are constrained by both researchers’ and financiers’ interests. These interests sometimes clash, when e.g. return on investment forces a profitable version of a given project,
This thesis investigates Swedish voters’ perceptions of political branding and its consequences in a nation characterized by high institutional trust and low corruption. Political branding, a tool for shaping voter opinions, perceptions, and behavior, has gained significant traction in recent years. While traditionally viewed as beneficial for democracy, emerging critiques suggest it may hinder co
This thesis engages with Western European funding for queer movements in Georgia by asking how these donors affect the local movements, transnational politics and the power dynamics in Georgia. It pursues these inquiries by analysing the Western European understanding of queer activism and how donors support queer movements in Georgia; and the Georgian activists perceptions and suggestions for imp
In my thesis, I follow the argument of the authors belonging to the school of decoloniality, who explore the phenomena of coloniality of power outside of historical colonialism. This gives me the freedom to look through decolonial lances into phenomena of undergoing colonization through data. By following the idea that data colonialism is a reality, not just a metaphor, I examined how data colonia
