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En av de stora utmaningarna inom den internationella handelsrätten idag är hur man ska kunna förbättra situationen för utvecklingsländer inom den internationella handeln. Denna uppsats belyser specifika undantagsregler, inom WTO-rätten, som har till ändamål att öka utvecklingsländers möjligheter att delta i den internationella handeln. Industriländer tilldelar utvecklingsländer, i enlighet med WTOOne of the current challenges within the field of international trade law is how to meet the special needs of developing countries and how to a greater extent include these countries in the world trading system. This thesis examines a particular set of exception rules that exist on behalf of developing countries. Developing countries are, in accordance with WTO law, granted different tariff prefer

Europeiska unionens (EU) huvudmålsättning är att fri rörlighet av varor, personer, tjänster och kapital ska råda inom unionen. Rättsenigheten inom EU har dock brister och det har observerats att det för en väl fungerande inre marknad hade varit behjälpligt med harmonisering av medlemsstaternas civillagstiftning. För detta ändamål har Europeiska kommissionen initierat utformningen av en gemensam reOne of the main goals of the European Union (EU) is to guarantee the free movement of goods, capital, services and people. Divergences in national contract laws are seen as an impediment to this free movement. To overcome this hurdle scholars clearly suggest that the internal market would benefit if the EU had harmonized the private law. The European Commission (EC) has therefore initiated the cre

Numerous past studies investigating the performance of hedge funds suffer from two distinct problems: unreliable and biased return data inherent in virtually all databases and the use of static asset-pricing models. Using “indexes of indexes” for our hedge fund returns, both free of biases and highly representative, we investigate which risk factors investors are exposed to and whether hedge fund

The goal of this paper is to examine various representations of the third tone in Standard Chinese, both in academic literature and textbooks for beginners, and then evaluate what consequences the choice of representation has for tone instruction. It was found that linguists primarily prefer two models, even though slight deviations were found: either a traditional approach describing the third to

This paper compares the explanation for social change that are offered by three theories of rape, all of which apply a socio-cultural and a gender perspective.

Stakeholders’ participation has been recognized as a pillar for a transition toward a more sustainable society. However, there is little empirical evidence concerning the viability of participation mechanisms at large scale. This research analyzes a popular referendum process in Switzerland against a law that would have been a step toward a low-carbon society in the Canton of Fribourg. Aiming to i

Attention to the role of religious NGOs (RNGOs) in international arenas has grown in the past decade. This study explored the role of values in the policies of RNGOs involved in humanitarian aid. It sought to compare the values of RNGOs with varying levels of involvement with the Steering Committee for Humanitarian Response (SCHR) in order to determine if values may be an issue inhibiting cooperat

The upcoming changes in the demographic structure will put pressure on the healthcare system in Skåne. Tax financed hospitals with more beds, doctors, nurses and other personnel will not be the solution to cope with the upcoming demands. Increasing healthcare productivity is one way, where digital healthcare is a potential part of the solution. One of the major limitations of the digital healthcar

Today’s work environment is currently undergoing radical changes and although the aware-ness of social collaboration is growing within organizations, they still struggle with the digital transformation and thereby with the integration of Enterprise Social Network (ESN). Our study aims to investigate the role of ESN within the todays’ organizations. Specifically, it intends to build on previous res

The eminent dilemma around the relationship between the increasing world population, the need of new fuel sources and environment issues has raised great awareness in the last decades. The European Parliament has set common goals such as the reduction of the greenhouse gases by 20 % by the year of 2020, followed by the requirement of at least 10 % of the fuel has to be biofuel. An adjacent issue i

Resilience, the ability to withstand or adapt to altered conditions, gets more important as the grave effects of climate change intensify. Individuals’ capacities to respond to disasters are strongly connected to their social capital (e.g. relationships and networks). The aim of this paper is to contribute to the understanding of this connection at a neighborhood level. In the first part of this p

This paper explores the challenges and barriers of forced migrants at the nexus of housing and social integration, presenting the outcomes of an international and interdisciplinary collaboration funded by the JPI Urban Europe programme. Research includes the case study cities Leipzig, Lund, Riga, and Vienna, utilizing primary and secondary data in a transdisciplinary process involving theoretical

Multilevel Analysis of Individual Heterogeneity and Discriminatory Accuracy (MAIHDA) is a multilevel regression approach grounded in intersectionality theory. It examines inequalities across intersections of social identities (e.g., gender, ethnicity, class) and is argued to provide more accurate predictions of intersectional means than conventional methods that estimate group means directly or vi

For circular retail models to successfully replace linear consumption in the future, retailers must understand the lived reality of second-hand customer journeys. However, existing customer journey mapping methods often fail to capture the non-linear, phygital, and multi-retailer nature of such journeys. This article introduces ‘messy customer journey self-mapping’, a novel qualitative method desi

Limits are set on the pair production of scalar leptoquarks, where all possible decays of the leptoquark into a quark (t, b) and a lepton (τ, ν) of the third generation are considered. The limits are presented as a function of the leptoquark mass and the branching ratio into charged leptons for up-type (LQ3 u → tν/bτ) and down-type (LQ3 d → bν/tτ) leptoquarks. Many results are reinterpretations of

Contact stress on the tool has been measured with a split-tool apparatus that has a poor resolution of the stress distribution, and with photoelastic tools that cannot be used with real cutting parameters since the materials are too weak. This paper presents an improved split-tool design allowing continuous stress distribution dataset instead of discreet steps by using a tilted separation plane be

Background: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified >50 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in association with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) but little is known about whether the combination of these SNPs may aid in prediction of future incidence of CKD in the population. Methods: We included 2301 participants with baseline eGFR ≥60

Geospatial information is indispensable for various real-world applications and is thus a prominent part of today’s data science landscape. Geospatial data is primarily maintained and disseminated through spatial data infrastructures (SDIs). However, current SDIs are facing challenges in terms of data integration and semantic heterogeneity because of their partially siloed data organization. In th