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Due to the substantial gross exchange fluxes with the atmosphere, the terrestrial carbon cycle plays a significant role in the global carbon budget. Drought commonly affects terrestrial carbon absorption negatively. Terrestrial biosphere models exhibit significant uncertainties in capturing the carbon flux response to drought, which have an impact on estimates of the global carbon budget. Through
Investigating the optical properties of various chemical compounds using UV-vis spectrophotometers is an essential part of education in chemistry. However, commercial spectrophotometers are usually treated as "magic black boxes", where the dominant majority of optical elements are hidden "under the hood". This often limits understanding of the mechanisms behind the generation of spectral curves, w
Southwest China has been the largest terrestrial carbon sink in China over the past 30 years, but has recently experienced a succession of droughts caused by high precipitation variability, potentially threatening vegetation productivity in the region. Yet, the impact of precipitation anomalies on the vegetation primary productivity is poorly known. We used an asymmetry index (AI) to explore possi
Aims: To determine the ophthalmological outcome at 6.5 years of age in children treated for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), and registered in the national Swedish National Register for ROP register. Methods: Data on ROP, treatment and ophthalmological outcome were retrieved from the register. Visual acuity (VA), refractive errors and strabismus, together with visual impairment (VI) and any signi
Adolescents and young adult comprise a significant proportion of India’s population. Although, this group of the population faces serious challenges to their health and well-being. To promote their health and well-being, Centre of Excellence (CoE) at King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, India, serves as an advanced care facility for 10–24-year-old adolescents and young adult women. This pape
Agricultural soils are the most important anthropogenic source of nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. This occurs via two main pathways: (1) from microbial-mediated oxidation of ammonium to nitrite and nitrate; and (2) denitrification. Most agro-ecological models explicitly deal with these two pathways albeit with different degrees of process understanding and empiricism. Models that integrate the impa
A meshless method based on a radial basis collocation approach is presented to calculate eigenvalues for the second-order wave equation. Instead of an explicit mesh topology only a node distribution is required to calculate electric fields, thus facilitating dynamic alteration of the discretization of an electromagnetic problem. An algorithm is presented that automatically adapts an initially very
Purpose Complex organizations increasingly rely on middle managers as strategic linking-pins between the top and bottom levels of the organization. Using social identity theory and commitment theory as the foundation, this study evaluates a management and leadership development program (MLDP) intended to engage middle managers as strategy creators and implementers. We also evaluate the cascading ePurpose Complex organizations increasingly rely on middle managers as strategic linking-pins between the top and bottom levels of the organization. Using social identity theory and commitment theory as the foundation, this study evaluates a management and leadership development program (MLDP) intended to engage middle managers as strategy creators and implementers. We also evaluate the cascading e
Coastal fishing fleets are declining in many parts of Europe. In Sweden, this has left many traditional fishing harbours with no or very few active fishers. This might have effects on the marine tourism industry where the existence of commercial fishing is part of the visitors’ tourism experience. In this paper in-depth interviews with local representatives for the tourism sector are combined with
BACKGROUND: Transportation noise increases the risk of ischemic heart disease (IHD), but few studies have investigated subtypes of IHD, such as myocardial infarction (MI), angina pectoris, or heart failure. We aimed to study whether exposure to road, railway and aircraft noise increased risk for ischemic heart disease (IHD), IHD subtypes, and heart failure in the entire adult Danish population, in
BACKGROUND: Epidemiological studies have linked transportation noise and cardiovascular diseases, however, atrial fibrillation (AF) has received limited attention. We aimed to investigate the association between transportation noise and AF risk.METHODS: Over the period 1990-2017 we estimated road and railway noise (Lden) at the most and least exposed façades for all residential addresses across De
BackgroundPathogenic germline variants (PGVs) in certain genes are linked to higher lifetime risk of developing breast cancer and can influence preventive surgery decisions and therapy choices. Public health programs offer genetic screening based on criteria designed to assess personal risk and identify individuals more likely to carry PGVs, dividing patients into screened and non-screened groups.
Medical research generates a large number of publications with the PubMed database already containing >35 million research articles. Integration of the knowledge scattered across this large body of literature could provide key insights into physiological mechanisms and disease processes leading to novel medical interventions. However, it is a great challenge for researchers to utilize this informa
Objective. Ultrasound can detect individual motor unit (MU) activity during voluntary isometric contractions based on their subtle axial displacements. The detection pipeline, currently performed offline, is based on displacement velocity images and identifying the subtle axial displacements. This identification can preferably be made through a blind source separation (BSS) algorithm with the feas
Background and Purpose: For pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-only radiotherapy the use of receiver coil bridges (CB) is recommended to avoid deformation of the patient. Development in coil technology has enabled lightweight, flexible coils. In this work we evaluate the effects of a lightweight coil in a pelvic MRI-only radiotherapy workflow. Materials and Methods: Twenty-one patients, refer
Atmospheric inversions provide estimates of carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes between the surface and atmosphere based on atmospheric CO2 concentration observations. The number of CO2 observations is projected to increase severalfold in the next decades from expanding in situ networks and next-generation CO2-observing satellites, providing both an opportunity and a challenge for inversions. This study i
The most commonly used coupling schemes in partitioned multiphysics simulations suffer from a decrease in the order of convergence, specifically in the time domain; a phenomenon we call order degradation. This paper discusses when this issue arises and how it can be studied with a simple example. We present a simple mass-spring system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) to analyze accuracy a
Coal has long been one of the fossil fuels underpinning the energy systems of many countries around the world. Because of its long-standing history, many actors have an interest in retaining the status quo. In this article, we explore the complexities of a coal phase-out in different countries. Drawing on empirical material from Germany, India, Mexico, Serbia and South Africa, we look at the way c
