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Air pollution has become a widespread consequence of human activities, with increasing urbanization and a warming climate shaping its distribution and effects. Organisms with distinct respiratory systems and physiological traits are exposed to multiple air pollutants across human-modified environments, particularly in cities. However, much of our current understanding of how air pollutants affect
Background Sweden’s National Strategy for Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights (SRHR) emphasises equitable access to contraception and abortion services. Despite this, immigrant women in Sweden experience lower contraceptive use and higher rates of unintended pregnancies and abortions compared with native-born women. Midwives, as primary providers of contraceptive counselling and prescribing,
During an infection, the genetic composition of the pathogen population in the host might range from clonal to genetically diverse, depending on the genetic variation of the inoculum, mutation events, genetic drift, and host selection during the course of the infection. Variation in the genetic diversity of avian malaria parasites, both within and between individual hosts, is not well documented.
Avian genomes are typically stable, yet instances of chromosome fissions, fusions and translocations are known across various lineages. For example, multiple sex chromosome translocations have been described in the superfamily Sylvioidea. In this study, we examine the sex chromosomes in two Sylvioidea families, Nicatoridae and Cisticolidae, using whole-genome data. We found sex-linkage of chromoso
Seagrass meadows are recognized for their coastal protection services in terms of reducing the wave runup level and limiting coastal erosion. This study aims to quantify these services for a dense seagrass meadow located in a non-tidal, fetch-limited sea. A year-long field campaign was conducted to collect data on wave statistics along the cross-shore direction of the seagrass meadow, bathymetry,
In order to plan for and implement research on the outcome of the technical aid prescription process, more knowledge about the documentation of the process is imperative. The overarching aim of this study was to survey documentation quality aspects in patient records in community-based OT, with a particular focus on the technical aid prescription process. An additional aim was to compare the quali
In this article we describe Tibetan indigenous women's perceptions and experiences of their own health and life situation in Shichuan Province, China. Fifteen focus group discussions (FGDs) and 10 interviews were conducted. Repeat FGDs were used to empower the women and as a tool to collect data. Content analysis was used to analyze the data, and three subthemes were identified: 'shouldering respo
Popular Abstract in Swedish Genom att studera forna inlandsisar kan vi få en inblick i hur en inlandsis påverkar och påverkas av till exempel klimatförändringar och havsnivåvariationer i tidsperspektiv från hundratals till hundratusentals år. I Skandinavien är det framförallt spåren efter nedisningar under den senaste istiden, Weichsel-istiden, som bevarats. I den här studien fokuserar vi på ÖstIn this thesis the Weichselian glaciation history of southernmost Sweden and the southwestern Baltic Basin is discussed, with special emphasis on Middle and Late Weichselian ice advances and subsequent deglaciations. The main study area was Kriegers Flak in the southwestern Baltic Sea where pre-Late Weichselian sediments were identified. We suggest that the lowermost till on Kriegers Flak, dated t
We reappraised the five randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared CTG+ST vs. CTG. The numbers enrolled ranged from 5681 (Dutch RCT) to 799 (French RCT). The Swedish RCT (N=5049) was the only trial adequately powered to show a difference in metabolic acidosis, and the Plymouth RCT (N=2434) was only powered to show a difference in operative delivery for fetal distress. There were considerabl
Neurons derived from neural stem cells could potentially be used for cell therapy in neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's disease. To achieve controlled differentiation of neural stem cells, we expressed transcription factors involved in the development of midbrain dopaminergic neurons in rat and human neural progenitors. Using retroviral-mediated transgene delivery, we overexpressed L
Properties of varved sediments from Lake Logurinn in eastern Iceland and their link to climate and glacial processes of Eyjabakkajokull, an outlet glacier of the Vatnajokull icecap, were examined. A varve chronology, which covers the period AD 1262-2005, was constructed from visual observations, high-resolution images, X-ray density and geochemical properties determined from X-radiography and X-ra
Croplands are vital ecosystems for human well-being and provide important ecosystem services such as crop yields, retention of nitrogen and carbon storage. On large (regional to global)-scale levels, assessment of how these different services will vary in space and time, especially in response to cropland management, are scarce. We explore cropland management alternatives and the effect these can
We investigated if coarse-resolution satellite data from the MODIS sensor can be used for regional monitoring of insect disturbances in Fennoscandia. A damage detection method based on z-scores of seasonal maximums of the 2-band Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI2) was developed. Time-series smoothing was applied and Receiver Operating Characteristics graphs were used for optimisation. The method was
Objective: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex disease with variable presentations, course and prognosis. We sought to develop evidence-based recommendations addressing the major issues in the management of SLE. Methods: The EULAR Task Force on SLE comprised 19 specialists and a clinical epidemiologist. Key questions for the management of SLE were compiled using the Delphi technique. A
Surging outlet glaciers are important in draining large ice caps, but the mechanisms controlling surge periodicities are poorly known. We investigated a sediment sequence from the glacier-fed Lake Logurinn in eastern Iceland, and our unique annually resolved data, based on sedimentary varves, imply that Eyjabakkajokull, an outlet glacier of Vatnajokull, began surging about 2200 cal a BP (before 19
BackgroundA seven-year follow-up of heroin dependent patients treated in a buprenorphine-maintenance program combining contracted work/education and low tolerance for non-prescribed drug use. Gender-specific differences in outcome were analysed. MethodsA consecutively admitted cohort of 135 men and 35 women, with eight years of heroin abuse/dependence on average was admitted to enhanced buprenorph
Background: Persons with dementia receive health care and social services from a wide range of professional care providers during the disease trajectory, presenting risks of miscommunication, duplication and/or missed nursing interventions. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to investigate professional care providers' views on conditions for best practice in terms of collaboration and improvem
Background: In early stage chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), dyspnea has been reported as the main symptom; but at the end of life, patients dying from COPD have a heavy symptom burden. Still, specialist palliative care is seldom offered to patients with COPD; they more often receive end of life care in hospitals. Furthermore, symptoms, symptom relief and care activities in the last we
The research has reported a high prevalence of low-quality and missed care for patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Optimised nursing treatment and care will benefit CAP patients. The aim of this study was to describe the barriers and facilitators influencing registered nurses' (RNs') adherence to evidence-based guideline (EBG) recommendations for nursing care (NC) for older patients
An accurate estimation of evapotranspiration (ET) is vital for understanding the global hydrological cycle. However, large uncertainties in the present global ET products originate from the distinct model structures, assumptions, and inputs. The maximum entropy production (MEP) model provides a novel method for modeling ET based on parsimonious inputs and energy conservation. In this study, an R p
