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Objectives: To evaluate the feasibility of a population-based screening trial using prostate-specific antigen (PSA), a kallikrein panel and multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) aimed at minimizing overdiagnosis, while retaining mortality benefit. Patients and Methods: Feasibility of the screening algorithm was evaluated in terms of participation, screening test results and cancer detec

OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this exploratory study were to investigate the feasibility of multidimensional diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MddMRI) in assessing diffusion heterogeneity at both a macroscopic and microscopic level in prostate cancer (PCa).MATERIALS AND METHODS: Informed consent was obtained from 46 subjects who underwent 3.0-T prostate multiparametric MRI, complemented with a

AIM: Twelve to 13% of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) develop peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC), the majority of whom present with unresectable disease. This study aimed to document the actual response rate to and response characteristics of preoperative modern systemic chemotherapy in this patient group.METHOD: Patients underwent a positron emission tomography (PET)/CT scan, laparoscopy and pe

CHANGES resulting in altered antigenic properties of viruses nearly always occur on their surface and have been attributed to the substitution of residues directly involved in binding antibody. To investigate the mechanism of antigenic variation in foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), variants that escape neutralization by a monoclonal antibody have been compared crystallographically and serologic

Background: The outcome in patients after surgery for acute type A aortic dissection without replacement of the part of the aorta containing the primary tear is undefined. Methods: Data of 1122 patients who underwent surgery for acute type A aortic dissection in 8 Nordic centers from January 2005 to December 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients with primary tear location unfound, unkno

Background: There is insufficient knowledge available about the impact of paediatric palliative care at home on meeting family needs and ensuring the highest quality of care for the dying child. The aim of this study was to elucidate parents’ experiences of how and why home-based paediatric palliative care impacted the entire family during their child's final phase of life. Methods: The study used

AIMS: To report the results of standard therapy for peritoneal carcinomatosis of colorectal origin, which consists of conventional surgery and systemic chemotherapy.METHOD: In a prospective study 50 patients with proven peritoneal carcinomatosis of colorectal origin were treated with conventional surgery combined with 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin, or irinotecan in patients treated by 5-fluorourac

As radiotherapy using ultra-high dose rates has gained new interest, the dosimetric challenges arising at these conditions needs to be addressed. Ionization chambers suffer from a large decrease in ion collection efficiency due to ion recombination, making on-line dosimetry difficult. In this work we present experimental setups and dosimetric procedures for FLASH irradiation of cells, zebrafish em

Feedforward control can be considered as the most well-known control approach to deal with measurable disturbances. It started to be used almost 100 years ago, and since then it is being used in most industrial processes. It is a very simple technique that has been used typically as a complement to PID control, although it can be combined with any feedback controller. The feedforward control desig

In this study, a plant-wide model describing the fate of C, N and P compounds, upgraded to account for (on-site/off-site) greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, was implemented within the International Water Association (IWA) Benchmarking Simulation Model No. 2 (BSM2) framework. The proposed approach includes the main biological N2O production pathways and mechanistically describes CO2 (biogenic/non-biog

Physical exercise is a potentially effective treatment for adolescents with mild to moderate depression. However, there is a lack of long-term follow-ups to reveal adolescents’ experiences of exercise as a treatment for depression. The salutogenic concept of sense of coherence (SOC), comprising the domains manageability, comprehensibility, and meaningfulness is important to understand behaviour ch

Membrane proteins are challenging to study due the necessity to maintain a lipid-like environment to preserve their structure and function. Particularly difficult to study are membrane-bound enzymes that interact with lipophilic substrates. The aim of this doctoral thesis was to investigate the mechanism of action and inhibition of membrane-bound enzymes that interact with lipids and lipophilic su

Pioneering studies performed over the past few decades demonstrate links between epigenetics and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), the metabolic disorder with the most rapidly increasing prevalence in the world. Importantly, these studies identified epigenetic modifications, including altered DNA methylation, in pancreatic islets, adipose tissue, skeletal muscle and the liver from individuals with

Abnormal loading of the knee due to injuries or obesity is thought to contribute to the development of osteoarthritis (OA). Small animal models have been used for studying OA progression mechanisms. However, numerical models to study cartilage responses under dynamic loading in preclinical animal models have not been developed. Here we present a musculoskeletal finite element model of a rat knee j

We reported that high estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) expression is independently associated with better prognosis in female colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. However, estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) is expressed at very low levels in normal colon mucosa, and its prognostic role in CRC has not been explored. Herein, we investigated the combined role of ERα and ERβ expression in the prognosis of female

Active prechamber combustion systems for SI engines represent a feasible and effective solution in reducing fuel consumption and pollutant emissions for both marine and ground heavy-duty engines. However, reliable and low-cost numerical approaches need to be developed to support and speed-up their industrial design considering their geometry complexity and the involved multiple flow length scales.

Vaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) is a novel technique for minimally invasive gynecological surgery. Adequate training and standardization are key elements to patient safety and quality of care. Based on consensus statements and expert opinion; we report a step-by-step guidance for hysterectomy via natural orifice transluminal endoscopy. A detailed description is pres