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A reduction in the number of postoperative bed days for patients who underwent appendectomy led to a study of changes in hospital costs of appendectomies for the years 1955, and 1965, and 1975. No significant changes were found in the total hospital costs. However, the postoperative costs decreased by 36 percent from 1955 to 1975 due to a decrease in the mean duration of hospital stay. During the
To remain competitive in the field of manufacturing today, companies must constantly improve the automation loops within their production plants. This can be done by augmenting the automation applications with "smart services" such as supervisory-control applications or machine-learning inference algorithms. The downside is that these smart services are often hosted in a cloud infrastructure and t
There is currently a lack of representative, systematic and harmonised greenhouse gas (GHG) observations covering the variety of natural and human-altered biomes that occur in Africa. This impedes the long-term assessment of the drivers of climate change, in addition to their impacts and feedback loops at the continental scale, but also limits our understanding of the contribution of the African c
Although organizations increasingly acknowledge the communicative importance of employees, and increasingly frame communication as an employee responsibility, communication responsibility remains an unexplored topic in strategic communication research. To address this gap, this study introduces the concept employee communication responsibility and offers insight into factors influencing employees’
In this paper a robust method is presented for the combined design of STATCOM and Power System Stabilizer (PSS) controllers in order to enhance the damping of the low frequency oscillations in power systems. The combined design problems among PSS and STATCOM internal ac and dc voltage controllers has been taken into consideration. The equations that describe the proposed system have been linearize
Tomosynthesis is a three-dimensional imaging technique based on the reconstruction of several planar radiographs. During the image acquisition in tomosynthesis, the X-ray tube moves around the detector which is often stationary, and a number of projection images are taken from different angles. Individual slices from the reconstructed volume can be studied. With the effective reduction of the visi
Until 4 decades ago, the rates of stroke in low- and middle-income countries were considerably lower than those in more economically robust countries. In the intervening years, however, the rates of stroke in places such as southern India and rural South Africa have approximately doubled, whereas stroke rates in more economically developed nations have decreased. What is far more striking is that
This thesis treats two separate but connected themes. This affiliation originates in optimization being the common choice of method for solving most of the occurring challenges. The first theme of the thesis is image segmentation. This is usually defined as the task of distinguishing objects from background in unseen images. This visual grouping process is typically based on low-level cues suc
Discusses how a series of artefacts became important for cultural processes in a Swedish IT company during a turbulent period in business - a period that was known as "the new economy".
Policy makers are showing increasing interest in factors that make places attractive for prospective new residents. This paper focuses on residential preferences for interregional migration and aims to explore what place attributes people would value highly if they considered migrating. Special attention is given to differences in preferences between population subgroups in terms of demographic, s
Aims: To illuminate patients' experiences of being cared for and nurses' experiences of caring for patients in a multiple-bed hospital room. Background: Many patients and healthcare personnel seem to prefer single-bed hospital rooms. However, certain advantages of multiple-bed hospital rooms (MBRs) have also been described. Method: Eight men and eight women being cared for in a multiple-bedroom
Background. Recent studies have associated the transcription factors, Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog as parts of a self-regulating network which is responsible for maintaining embryonic stem cell properties -- self renewal and pluripotency. In addition, mutual antagonism between two of these and other master regulators have been shown to regulate lineage determination. In particular, an excess of Cdx2 over
The role of quantitative risk analysis as a foundation for decision making, regarding hazardous activities and establishments, has gained increased importance during the last decades. When performing a quantitative risk analysis, a wide range of uncertainties will inevitably be introduced during the process. The impact of these uncertainties must somehow be addressed if the analysis is to serve as
Popular Abstract in Swedish Utveckling och tillämpning av laserfragmentationsteknik för visualisering av väteperoxider Laserinducerad fluorescens är en etablerad optisk mätmetod för kemiskt specifik detektion och avbildning med tillämpning inom fysik, kemi och biologi. Tekniken bygger på att molekyler ska absorbera laserljus och sedan spontant sända ut ljus som kan detekteras. Det finns dock mångaThe work presented in this thesis is mainly motivated by the need for an optical diagnostic technique which can be used to visualize hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in its gas phase. Due to the lack of bound electronic states, H2O2 cannot be detected using laser-induced fluorescence based on electronic excitation. Absorption in the ultraviolet leads to photodissociation. Thus a technique called photofrag
