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Capsaicin acts on sensory nerves via vanilloid receptors. TRPV1 has been extensively studied with respect to functional lower urinary tract (LUT) conditions in rodents and humans. We aimed to (1) provide background information on capsaicin and TRPV1 and its mechanisms of action and basis for clinical use, (2) review the use of acute intravesical capsaicin instillation (AICI) in rodents to mimic va
Many plants have precise pollen placement strategies, ensuring that large amounts of pollen are deposited on small and discrete areas of pollinators' bodies. This may lead to male–male competition if pre-existing pollen (1) is smothered or displaced by pollen from subsequent male flowers or (2) prevents subsequent pollen from attaching to pollinators. We investigated these alternative hypotheses u
Land use change from agricultural intensification has been highlighted as one of the major drivers of global declines in insects, reducing species diversity and abundance and shifting community composition towards generalist species. However, it remains a challenge to determine how land use change impacts the genetic diversity of species and populations even if this diversity is vital to their lon
Despite the increasing recognition of the critical role that nature-based solutions (NBS) play in urban resilience, decision-makers in many cities across the Global South continue to prioritize grey infrastructure and engineered solutions. This prevailing approach may offer short-term economic advantages but ultimately falls short in ensuring the long-term sustainability and resilience of communit
Hybrid zones present a unique framework to study the genetic basis of reproductive isolation and speciation. The European fire-bellied toad (Bombina bombina) and yellow-bellied toad (B. variegata) hybridize in a zone across several thousand kilometres in Central Europe. The Bombina system has been examined for more than a century and its scientific legacy comprises the development of the ultilocus
BACKGROUND: Numerous studies report that education and exercise interventions can shift people's willingness to undergo joint replacement surgery for osteoarthritis. We aimed to investigate whether becoming unwilling to undergo surgery following an education and exercise intervention for hip and knee osteoarthritis is associated with lower probability of receiving actual surgery.METHODS AND FINDIN
How people relate to and see themselves as part of nature relations differs worldwide and often depends on culture and worldviews. Nonetheless, challenging the dominant Euro-Western epistemic domination is needed to attain more equitable and sustainable future visions. This change entails fostering decolonial mediation between different knowledge systems in a context of intersectional difference.
Overfishing poses a critical threat to marine ecosystems and local coastal communities worldwide. Designation of Marine Protected Areas, particularly those incorporating No-Fishing Zones, act as refuges from the effects of climate and fishing, serve as valuable biodiversity conservation tools for more resilient social-ecological systems. Nevertheless, to be successful in long-term conservation the
Coloured sticky traps are commonly used to monitor insect pests. Colour affects trap performance, with preferred colours often differing between species, making selection of trap colour for effective management of multiple pests challenging. Greenhouse whitefly (GWF) Trialeurodes vaporariorum and Western flower thrips (WFT) Frankliniella occidentalis, are major horticultural pests that often co-oc
To a large degree, economic metrics and mechanisms underpin the design of adaptation policies. Such a focus has undesired consequences on the effectiveness of adaptation measures as well as on our ability to prevent incommensurable losses. The article puts forward four strategic changes in adaptation policy that shift the focus away from markets and toward community-level visions of what a liveabl
Climate anxiety is gaining increasing attention but how it is related to both impairment and climate change activism through the use of emotion-focused coping strategies is still poorly understood. We conducted two studies to help understand psychological predictors for climate anxiety-related impairment (Study 1) and gain insights into the roles of trait mindfulness and emotion regulation for dif
Introduction: The climate and biodiversity crises are interconnected, unprecedented, existential threats that cause disturbing emotions, such as anxiety, grief, and anger. While there is increasing research about antecedents and outcomes of such eco-emotions, less is known about how to cope with them constructively, to benefit both mental health and pro-environmental action. Objectives: This study
Private-sphere conversations about global environmental change play an important role in environmental communication. However, they receive less attention than information campaigns aimed at raising awareness, educating, or challenging the public. From a psychological perspective, it is increasingly recommended to talk about global environmental change and the emotions it evokes as a way of coping
Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly being discussed at the international level, with a particular focus on its potential to help achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The Global Digital Compact, adopted at the Summit of the Future, calls for the establishment of international institutions to govern AI technologies. The impact of AI on sustainable development is a multifaceted
Hundreds of active learning assignments are reported in the political education literature. However, the adaptability of these assignments to new courses can be limited by different learning outcomes, course themes, or institutional contexts. To assist educators in developing assignments that align with their teaching needs, this study introduces the concept of element design. Element design refer
We seek to clarify the impact of the Genetic Aptitude for Educational Attainment (GAEA) on risk for 10 psychiatric disorders divided into 4 groups: Internalizing, Externalizing, Eating/Compulsive and Psychotic. Educational attainment and psychiatric and substance use disorder information were obtained from national Swedish registries. GAEA and disorder-specific family genetic risk score (FGRS) wer
Global climate change is characterized by increasing and differentiated exposure to climate-related hazards such as floods, landslides, avalanches, storms, and wildfires (IPCC 2018, 2022). There is a significant volume of research on the effects of such events, and over the last decade, much of this research has been directed at where most lives and values can be saved by protective measures (e.g.
When natural areas are converted for human use, resulting changes in the landscape often lead to habitat loss and fragmentation, which can disrupt key ecological interactions such as pollination by animals. In this study, we investigated the independent effects of habitat loss and fragmentation on the structure and composition of plant-vertebrate pollinator interaction networks, focusing on intera
Parasitoid wasps are major causes of mortality of many species, making host immune defences a common target of adaptive evolution, though such targets outside model species are poorly understood. In this study, we used two tests of positive selection to compare across three closely related Galerucella leaf beetles that show substantial differences in their phenotypic response to the shared parasit
