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This note is based on a literature search and a recent review of bat mortality data from wind farms in Europe (published elsewhere). We suggest that mortality of bats at wind turbines may be linked to high-altitude feeding on migrating insects that accumulate at the turbine towers. Modern wind turbines seem to reach high enough into the airspace to interfere with the migratory movements of insects
This paper draws upon the recent carbon market turmoil to understand how the private realm is imagined in global climate governance. Instead of asking which entities (eg, public or private authorities) govern the carbon economy, we draw attention to the procedures (eg, caps on emissions, techniques of verification, or performance standards) by which carbon markets are made thinkable and governable
Fish, which are generally visual foragers, experiences reduced reaction distance in visually degraded environments, which has consequences for encounter rates with prey. Small prey is detected at shorter distances than larger prey, and piscivores are therefore predicted to be more strongly affected by visual degradation. In experiments, roach (Rutilus rutilus) were fed two plankton prey types and
Sveriges Television kallar sig en TV i allmänhetens tjänst och har en erkänd roll som viktig aktör i den svenska demokratin. I sin roll som public service-företag har SVT en mängd uppgifter att fylla genom sitt programutbud. Public service uppgifter som alla tillsammans skall främja ett demokratiskt samhälle. I takt med att medielandskapet och samhället har förändrats så står SVT:s ar-bete med des
Surrounding the establishment of the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 1994, scholars discussed whether the new organization would contribute to a shift of global environmental governance toward more market-based mechanisms. According to the most favored nation clause, a WTO party has to grant any trade advantage it concedes to any one country to all other parties. The WTO treaties also include cl
To preserve biodiversity and ecosystem services, company engagement is crucial. However, available data on manager views and perceptions regarding nature conservation in particular is rare. The presented survey data gives insights into current levels and forms of business commitments for nature conservation. The data contributes to understanding business attitudes towards voluntary conservation ac
Ecological fiscal transfers (EFT) transfer public revenue between governments within a country based on ecological indicators. EFT can compensate subnational governments for the costs of conserving ecosystems and in principle can incentivize greater ecological conservation. We review established EFT in Brazil, Portugal, France, China and India, and emerging or proposed EFT in ten more countries. W
Current global change substantially threatens pollinators, which directly impacts the pollination services underpinning the stability, structure and functioning of ecosystems. Amongst these threats, many synergistic drivers, such as habitat destruction and fragmentation, increasing use of agrochemicals, decreasing resource diversity, as well as climate change, are known to affect wild and managed
Background: Semi-natural pastures are unfertilized grasslands with a long history of traditional low-input grazing management. This kind of pastures are recognized for their high species richness. However, as a consequence of modernization of agriculture, many of the semi-natural pastures have been lost during the last century, leading to a serious threat to farmland biodiversity. Semi-natural pas
Streams, rivers and lakes across wide areas of the Northern hemisphere have been subject to an increase in water color over the last decades. This increase, also known as browning, is a result of rising dissolved organic matter (DOM) and iron (Fe) concentrations in the water. Over the years, browning has received ample attention due to its impact on the structure and function of freshwater ecosyst
Understanding the origins of biodiversity has been an aspiration since the days of early naturalists. The immense complexity of ecological, evolutionary, and spatial processes, however, has made this goal elusive to this day. Computer models serve progress in many scientific fields, but in the fields of macroecology and macroevolution, eco-evolutionary models are comparatively less developed. We p
Functional traits mediate the response of communities to disturbances (response traits) and their contribution to ecosystem functions (effect traits). To predict how anthropogenic disturbances influence ecosystem services requires a dual approach including both trait concepts. Here, we used a response–effect trait conceptual framework to understand how local and landscape features affect pollinato
Urbanization is gaining force globally, which challenges biodiversity, and it has recently also emerged as an agent of evolutionary change. Seasonal phenology and life cycle regulation are essential processes that urbanization is likely to alter through both the urban heat island effect (UHI) and artificial light at night (ALAN). However, how UHI and ALAN affect the evolution of seasonal adaptatio
We present the results of the Swedish Bird Survey, run by the Department of Biology, Lund University, as a part of the National Monitoring Programme of the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency. The results for 2019 include data from: 575 winter point counts in 2018/2019 (44th winter), of which 285 were carried out during the Christmas/New Year count, 210 summer point count routes (45th year) an
(1) BackgroundResearch and user experience suggests both positive and negative social impacts resulting from practices in the sharing economy: social cohesion vs. gentrification; inclusiveness vs. discrimination; flexible employment vs. exploitation. However, as yet, there is no framework for understanding or assessing these social impacts holistically.(2) ObjectiveWe aim to improve understanding
Analysis of coordinated Greater Scaup (Aythya marila) count data from the last 30 years showed a 38.1% decrease in wintering numbers in North-West Europe, from 309,000 during 1988–1991 to c.192,300 individuals during 2015–2018. Annual trends in wintering numbers differed throughout the range. Numbers decreased in the UK, Ireland, and in the Netherlands, while numbers were stable in Denmark. German
Polanyi argued that throughout history the economy was embedded in society, serving as a tool to make provision for societies’ needs; but in capitalist market economies the market dominates the system, subordinating society to its work (Polanyi, 2001). Although social enterprise offers potential for re-embedding the economy into serving society (Roy & Hackett, 2017), balancing competing socia
Natural history collections constitute an enormous wealth of information of Life on Earth. It is estimated that over 2 billion specimens are preserved at institutions worldwide, of which less than 10% are accessible via biodiversity data aggregators such as GBIF. Moreover, they are a very important resource for eco-evolutionary research, which greatly depends on knowing the precise location where
Bioindication has become an indispensable part of water quality monitoring in most countries of the world, with the presence and abundance of bioindicator taxa, mostly multicellular eukaryotes, used for biotic indices. In contrast, microbes (bacteria, archaea and protists) are seldom used as bioindicators in routine assessments, although they have been recognized for their importance in environmen
