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Restrictions in empirical research of biological communities have limited our understanding of the combined influence of environmental variability and system structure on community composition. Spatial patterns of community composition in less accessible systems, such as marine benthos, can often not be explained by many factors beyond the direct impact of the environment on community members. We
Following decades of international collaboration to restore the Baltic Sea, we provide an assessment of the domestic implementation of measures agreed to limit diffuse agricultural pollution and the patterns of policy instruments applied. Despite the Helsinki Convention being unusually specific in detailing what measures countries should introduce, we find many shortcomings. These are most pronoun
Purpose: This study aims to determine whether comparable target regions of interest (ROIs) and cut-offs can be used across [18F]flortaucipir, [18F]RO948, and [18F]MK6240 tau positron emission tomography (PET) tracers for differential diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) dementia vs either cognitively unimpaired (CU) individuals or non-AD neurodegenerative diseases. Methods: A total of 1755 partic
Social desirability may cause spurious relations in self-rating measures. The present study sought to disentangle socially desirable responding and content in the relation between measures of personality traits and well-being. Social desirability was operationalized as the evaluative factor (the tendency to react to evaluative content in questionnaire items). We collected self- and peer-ratings of
Introduction: Suturing is a fundamental component of surgical procedures, wherein training emphasises the significance of gentle tissue handling. The suturing process involves the pressure exerted by the forceps onto the tissue, as well as the medial traction force applied to stabilise the tissue during the needle bite. This study examined the forces involved in tissue handling during suturing, co
The ALICE Collaboration reports measurements of the large relative transverse momentum (kT) component of jet substructure in pp and Pb-Pb collisions at center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair sNN=5.02 TeV. Enhancement in the yield of such large-kT emissions in head-on Pb-Pb collisions is predicted to arise from partonic scattering with quasiparticles of the quark-gluon plasma. The analysis utilizes
The emergence of large language models (LLMs) has made it easier than ever to create chatbots capable of generating human-like responses to user inputs. Moreover, improvements in text-to-speech and speech-to-text make it possible to converse with these systems, not just in text but also through speech. These improvements have led to an increase in chatbot applications across various contexts, such
Aim: Allometric relationships, which describe plant growth patterns shaped by environmental conditions, reflect functional trade-offs and represent key functional traits that optimise adaptation, resource acquisition, stress tolerance and competition. Here, we assess how these allometric relationships and associated functional trade-offs drive ecosystem structure, functioning and competitive inter
This paper examines the evolving role of universities in transferring and developing knowledge to foster transformative Science, Technology, and Innovation (STI) policy amid significant shifts in economic development landscapes. With a rising focus on geopolitics, defense, resilience, and disruptive technologies, universities are increasingly expected to e
Background and importance: The major risk factor for vermilion lip squamous cell carcinoma (vlSCC) is excessive sunlight exposure. Population-based studies on treatment and outcome are lacking. Methods: This is a nation-wide, population-based study of treatment and outcome from prospectively recorded data for 2,111 vlSCC registered in the Swedish Head and Neck Cancer Register (SweHNCR) diagnosed 2
In this article I shed light on the phenomenon of Chinese young people’s conversion to Christianity and argue that it is often closely tied to a utopian longing for what is missing in their lives (Bloch 1907). Through a person-centered account of two young people, I explore their quests to escape the temporal predicament of endless striving 'fuzao' and search for a better life based autotelic valu
Persistent physical symptoms (PPS) are common, disabling, and associated with high health care use, yet effective and scalable psychological treatments remain limited. Internet-administrated self-help programs may improve access to care. Asynchronous Internet-administered Emotional Awareness and Expression Therapy (I-EAET) with therapist guidance has been shown to reduce somatic symptoms in PPS, b
Osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are the two most common rheumatic diseases worldwide, causing pain and disability. Both conditions are highly heterogeneous, and their onset occurs insidiously with non-specific symptoms, so they are not always distinguishable from other arthritis during the initial stages. This makes early diagnosis difficult and resource-demanding in clinical env
Many species up- or downregulate their resting metabolic rate (RMR) when they encounter favourable or unfavourable feeding conditions, respectively. This is thought to promote faster growth when food is abundant and conserve energy reserves when food is scarce. The time it takes to express metabolic plasticity remain little studied. Here, we develop a conceptual model showing how rapid or slow met
MHC genes play a fundamental role in immune recognition of pathogens and parasites. Therefore, females may increase offspring heterozygosity and genetic diversity by selecting males with genetically compatible or heterozygous MHC. In birds, several studies suggest that MHC genes play a role in mate choice, and recent evidence suggests that olfaction may play a role in the MHC-II discrimination. Ho
Microplastics provide a new ecological niche for microorganisms, and the accumulation levels of microplastics (MPs) in terrestrial ecosystems are higher than those in marine ecosystems. Here, we applied the zymography to investigate how MPs — polyethylene [PE], and polyvinyl chloride [PVC]) at two levels (0.01% and 1% soil weight) impacted the spatial distribution of soil hydrolases, nutrient avai
Aim: Analysis of age at time of detection and surgery of dense unilateral cataract and investigation of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in a nationwide register-based cohort study, based on the routine of maternity ward eye screening. Methods: Data were derived from the Paediatric Cataract Register (PECARE). All children (n = 54) diagnosed with dense congenital unilateral cataract between Janu
