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Being aware of nature and its life-supporting functions helps our societies to operate more sustainably.

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is foremost characterized by β-amyloid (Aβ)-extracellular plaques, tau-intraneuronal fibrillary tangles (NFT), and neuroinflammation, but over the last years it has become evident that peripheral inflammation might also contribute to the disease. AD patients often demonstrate increased levels of circulating proinflammatory mediators and altered antibody levels

Background: Individuals with a family history of colorectal cancer (CRC) are at a high risk of developing CRC. Preclinical studies suggest that the anti-malaria drug proguanil and atovaquone might play a role in preventing CRC, but population-based evidence is still lacking. Methods: By accessing a couple of nationwide Swedish registers, we performed a cohort study to explore whether using proguan

From a cohort of 171 patients comprising 121 aggressive pituitary tumours (APT) and 50 pituitary carcinomas (PC), the clinicopathological or five-tiered classification based on tumour invasion and proliferation evaluated by at least 2 proliferative markers over the cut-offs (Ki-67 ≥3% or ≥10%, p53 positive or expressed in %, mitotic count >2%), could be applied on 43 tumours: 20 PC and 23 APT. At

Phosphate plays a crucial role in biology because of the stability of the phosphate ester bond. To overcome this inherent stability, enzymes that catalyze phosphoryl transfer reactions achieve enormous rate accelerations to operate on biologically relevant time scales, and the mechanisms that underpin catalysis have been the subject of extensive debate. In an archetypal system, β-phosphoglucomutas

Introduction: Differentiating Parkinson's disease (PD) from progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a common clinical problem. We aimed to apply the T1-/T2-weighted ratio imaging technique, based on standard clinical MRI, to reveal differences in neurodegeneration in three large cohorts. Methods: Three cohorts, with a total of 405 participants (269 PD, 44 PSP, 38

Background: Rupture of atherosclerotic plaques is the major cause of acute cardiovascular events. The biomarker PRO-C6 measuring Endotrophin, a matrikine of collagen type VI, may provide valuable information detecting subjects in need of intensified strategies for secondary prevention. Objective: In this study, we evaluate endotrophin in human atherosclerotic plaques and circulating levels of PRO-

Previously published data from our group and others demonstrate that human milk oligosaccharide (HMOs), as well as milk and infant fecal microbial profiles, vary by geography. However, little is known about the geographical variation of other milk-borne factors, such as lactose and protein, as well as the associations among these factors and microbial community structures in milk and infant feces.

Background: The occurrence of misattributed paternity has consequences throughout society with implications ranging from inheritance and royal succession to transplantation. However, its frequency in Sweden is unknown. Objective: To estimate the contemporary frequency of misattributed paternity in Sweden. Methods: The study was based on nationwide ABO blood group data and a nationwide register of

This paper considers Neutral-Range Utilitarianism (NRU) – a utilitarian theory that posits a range of lives that are neutral in impersonal value, in the sense that adding people with such lives to the world’s population doesn’t make the world, or its population, either better or worse. The paper considers a particular version of this utilitarian axiology, Personalized NRU (PNRU), according to whic

This paper describes an accelerated finite element-boundary integral code with support for complex media. The code is implemented in Python using several open source packages, and uses Numba just-in-time compilation for improved performance. To accelerate the boundary integral part of the code, a multilevel implementation of the adaptive cross approximation is used. As a numerical example, scatter

Objectives: Pleural mesothelioma (PM) is a rare disease with dismal outcome. Systemic treatment options include chemotherapy and immunotherapy, but biomarkers for treatment personalization are missing. The only FDA-approved diagnostic biomarker is the soluble mesothelin-related protein (SMRP). Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6) is a human mucin 1 (MUC1) glycoprotein, which has shown diagnostic and prog

Aims: Deep neural network artificial intelligence (DNN-AI)-based Heart Age estimations have been presented and used to show that the difference between an electrocardiogram (ECG)-estimated Heart Age and chronological age is associated with prognosis. An accurate ECG Heart Age, without DNNs, has been developed using explainable advanced ECG (A-ECG) methods. We aimed to evaluate the prognostic value

Diversification of plant chemical phenotypes is typically associated with spatially and temporally variable plant–insect interactions. Floral scent is often assumed to be the target of pollinator-mediated selection, whereas foliar compounds are considered targets of antagonist-mediated selection. However, floral and vegetative phytochemicals can be biosynthetically linked and may thus evolve a

Background: Diet is a determinant of gut microbiota. Both diet and gut microbiota have been linked to metabolic diseases. Objective: We aimed to examine data-driven food patterns in relation to the prevalence of prediabetes and gut microbiota composition and food pattern-associated bacteria in relation to prediabetes. Methods: Food patterns were extracted using principal component analysis in 1726

Seeking to examine the implications of social distancing, isolation and the silencing of public spaces brought about by the COVID-19 epidemic, I offer an interpretation of Kafka’s short story ‘The Silence of the Sirens’ contrasting it to the Homeric original. In Homer’s story, Odysseus resists the temptation of the Sirens’ deadly song by having himself tied to the mast of his ship, while his oarsm

According to Zagaria et al. (2020), evolutionary psychology may be the meta-theory that is needed if psychological science is to enter a paradigmatic stage. Other writers have suggested that what is needed is a person-oriented approach, which focuses on the person as a complex system that needs to be studied (1) as a whole (holism), (2) as an intentional agent in interaction with its environment (

The first time I visited, what is sometimes called the last Hawaiian fishing village, Miloli´i, South Kona, on the west coast of the island of Hawaii (The Big Island) in 1998, a villager took me out for fishing. We had a pretty decent catch of tuna that morning, she told me. Back to the house my newly found friends were soon preparing for a wonderful lunch with fresh tuna. Or, so I thought. To my

The relationship between the receptors for the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and the C3d fragment of complement was investigated at the molecular level. In the presence of cell-bound C3, virus binding was enhanced in EBV genome-carrying lines. An identical effect could be elicited by C3d at one-quarter the weight amount; C3b and methylamine-treated C3 had no effect on virus binding. The minimum concent