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This thesis is based on an eight week long field-study in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, with the aim of examining the challenges and opportunities for women’s empowerment through taking a micro-credit loan within a Non Governmental Organization (NGO) named Village Community Bank (VICOBA). This is done because of the posed objective that micro-credit lending to women is a tool for empowering them, there
Due to various reasons like globalization and conflicts many countries are experiencing high levels of in-and outmigration. Strongly increased diversified migration has evoked a multiple reactions from the receiving societies. On the one hand, civil societies may respond positively and openly towards immigrants, but on the other hand, there have been significant changes in public and political att
Human Rights Accountability är en egenskap i relationen mellan styrande och medborgare. När egenskapen existerar förhindrar den människorättskränkningar genom att medborgarna får inflytande över beslutfattande. Begreppet behöver klargöras för att nå sitt fulla potential som verktyg för planering och analys eftersom missförståelse kan ha farliga konsekvenser i misslyckandet att förebygga politiskt Human Rights Accountability is a property of the relationship between rulers and citi-zens. When it exists, it prevents violations of Human Rights by enabling citizens to in-fluence decision-making. The concept needs clarification in order to reach its full poten-tial as a tool for planning and analysis. Misunderstanding can have dangerous conse-quences in the failure to prevent political violence
The Troubles in Northern Ireland have played a prominent part in modern European history. Despite the success of the Peace Process in the 1990s and subsequent stabilisation of the conflict through the introduction of power-sharing and paramilitary decommissioning of weapons, tensions still dominate the province. This thesis uses the Copenhagen School of Security Studies to investigate processes of
Increases in global mean temperatures have caused the climate to change, affecting the frequency and magnitude of extreme events. Series of daily minimum temperatures for the period 1951-2014 has been analyzed in Sweden. It was found that cold extremes such as frost days, cold spells and annual minimum temperatures all show significant warming trends with a statistical significance of 90%. Frost d
In recent years, land acquisition has escalated due to increased global demand for food and fuel driven by population growth, urbanisation, and growing energy demand. Mozambique is ranked as one of the world’s top 10 countries with available land for agriculture, forestry and livestock production. Low labour costs and land taxes may further increase the interest in Mozambican land. In particular,
The building sector is one that can be accounted for numerous impacts on the environment, both by extremely high consumption of resources, and by emitting green house gases to the atmosphere on a large scale. Retrofitting existing buildings tackles energetic and emission related issues and one way to go about such projects is through the process of high-performance building certification, within w
In recent years, the Arctic has been one of the most dynamic environments on Earth. As a result, scientific inquiry into the region has produced a large amount of data, with future projections of the volume of data for the Arctic as well as the Antarctic expected to increase by an order of magnitude. On the receiving end of these data, a challenge remains as how to best manage, archive and distrib
Innovation is essential in our technological society. There exist a large number of innovative companies in the world, however, still there is a great scope for many others to join and take advantage of this treasure that have caused success for many organizations. There are a growing number of authors in the field of innovation, that have a mount of articles about innovation, innovation managemen
Abstract Replacing fossil oil with renewable resources perhaps is the most urgent challenge that the human being now is facing. Bioenergy has been considered as one of the best alternatives to fossil oil. Diverse non-edible applications of plant oil have been explored in the chemical industry recent years. However, both quantity and quality need to be improved from different oil crops for diverse
The Archaean Yilgarn craton in Western Australia is a granite greenstone belt with abundant economically important mineral reserves, including several world-class gold deposits such as the giant Kalgoorlie deposit. Structural controls on gold deposition and the fact that most deposits were formed later in the craton’s tectonic history, has resulted in the general acceptance of a late-orogenic str
This master thesis work consists of the development of new hardware and software for the control box of an azimuthal guidance system used by aircrafts during the approach to the runway. The thesis work was done at Safegate International AB as a project running along the usual development projects. When designing electronics to be used on an airfield there are a lot of regulations and standards t
Ambiguity and controversy abounds the debate over the thousands of people trying to enter the European territory and their rights, especially in their procedural form. This paper explores the latest developments in the context of the European Court of Human Rights’ and the European Court of Justice’s expansive interpretation of the right to an effective remedy and the procedural guarantees afforde
När ett offentligt organ ägnar sig åt offentlig upphandling torde huvudsyftet vara att tillfredsställa ett behov av varor, tjänster eller byggentreprenader. En utgångspunkt för offentlig upphandling är att det är den upphandlande enheten som identifierar sitt behov och således avgör vad som ska upp¬handlas. Utöver syftet att tillfredsställa sitt primära upphandlingsbehov kan en upphandlande enhet When a public body engages in public procurement the main purpose for it to do so is arguably to satisfy a need for goods, services or works. A starting point for public procurement is that it is the procuring entity which identifies its own needs and thus determines what is to be procured. In addition to the purpose of satisfying its primary procurement needs, a contracting entity, however, may h
Title: The use of art for branding purposes - A study of Louis Vuitton’s art collaborations Louis Vuitton’s creative director, Marc Jacobs, personally describes the fine arts as being higher up in the social hierarchy than fashion. After all, it is known as the ultimate luxury item. This essay will explore the way that the brand uses art in various ways as a means of branding. After extensive res
With a worldwide increase in disasters, the effects of climate change are already being felt, and it is the urban poor in developing countries that are most at risk. There is an urgent need to better understand the factors that determine people’s capacity to cope with and adapt to adverse climate conditions. This paper examines the influence of formal education in determining the adaptive capacity
