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Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) condenses high-dimensional data into lower-dimensional models subject to the requirement that data can only be added, never subtracted. However, the NMF problem does not have a unique solution, creating a need for additional constraints (regularization constraints) to promote informative solutions. Regularized NMF problems are more complicated than conventio
Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common endocrine disorders in dogs and is commonly proposed to be of autoimmune origin. Although the clinical presentation of human type 1 diabetes (T1D) and canine diabetes are similar, the aetiologies may differ. The aim of this study was to investigate if autoimmune aetiology resembling human T1D is as prevalent in dogs as previously reported.
En av de stora utmaningarna inom den internationella handelsrätten idag är hur man ska kunna förbättra situationen för utvecklingsländer inom den internationella handeln. Denna uppsats belyser specifika undantagsregler, inom WTO-rätten, som har till ändamål att öka utvecklingsländers möjligheter att delta i den internationella handeln. Industriländer tilldelar utvecklingsländer, i enlighet med WTOOne of the current challenges within the field of international trade law is how to meet the special needs of developing countries and how to a greater extent include these countries in the world trading system. This thesis examines a particular set of exception rules that exist on behalf of developing countries. Developing countries are, in accordance with WTO law, granted different tariff prefer
Europeiska unionens (EU) huvudmålsättning är att fri rörlighet av varor, personer, tjänster och kapital ska råda inom unionen. Rättsenigheten inom EU har dock brister och det har observerats att det för en väl fungerande inre marknad hade varit behjälpligt med harmonisering av medlemsstaternas civillagstiftning. För detta ändamål har Europeiska kommissionen initierat utformningen av en gemensam reOne of the main goals of the European Union (EU) is to guarantee the free movement of goods, capital, services and people. Divergences in national contract laws are seen as an impediment to this free movement. To overcome this hurdle scholars clearly suggest that the internal market would benefit if the EU had harmonized the private law. The European Commission (EC) has therefore initiated the cre
Numerous past studies investigating the performance of hedge funds suffer from two distinct problems: unreliable and biased return data inherent in virtually all databases and the use of static asset-pricing models. Using “indexes of indexes” for our hedge fund returns, both free of biases and highly representative, we investigate which risk factors investors are exposed to and whether hedge fund
The semiconductor industry is one of the most technologically advanced and complex industries in the world, not only because of the extreme development pace, but also because of the necessary production processes to create the finished product. The value increase from silicon as raw material, to integrated circuits (IC), is equivalent to the transformation of sand into a product worth more than it
The goal of this paper is to examine various representations of the third tone in Standard Chinese, both in academic literature and textbooks for beginners, and then evaluate what consequences the choice of representation has for tone instruction. It was found that linguists primarily prefer two models, even though slight deviations were found: either a traditional approach describing the third to
The field of particle physics is ever evolving. With the recent advent of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) it is possible that the long sought for Higgs boson is detected. While this is not certain even if it is found it is likely that it will need more precise methods of investigation. For this and other reasons, a new collider called the International Linear Collider (ILC) is being planned. This
In this paper we calculate the limit of the $L^1$-means of certain weighted Poisson kernels in the unit disc and show that this limit is equal to $1$. Our result is in sharp contrast to a recent result by George F\"ulep who has shown that some related limit superiors are strictly greater than $1$. Limits of this type are of interest from the point of view of approximation theory.
The use of a label for locally produced products is seen as a good way of promoting these products in Söderslätt and, thereby, promoting regional development. The only common meaning of the concept ?local? is the reference to a geographical area, even though the size of the area differs. Local products are associated with characteristics such as environment, ethics, health, quality and support of
Saltmarshes are areas of coastal grassland that are regularly flooded by seawater. They support a large number of resident and migratory bird species, both overwintering and breeding. The Mersey Estuary Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) is situated in North West England and it supports nationally significant numbers of overwintering wildfowl and waders. Decline of three overwintering bird
Purpose: The purpose of this study is trying to understand which elements are essential to obtain loyalty in the alcoholic beverage industry and how companies can focus their branding efforts on these drivers of loyalty. Methodology: A literature review is conducted to identify the key drivers which can influence brand loyalty. These drivers are then analysed by researching two case studies, Hein
This thesis examines how sustainability is prioritised politically and integrated in the Danish municipal primary and lower secondary education. It consults representatives from the Ministry of Education, the unicipality of Copenhagen and ten lower secondary education teachers about their perceptions of sustainability and education and their experiences with integration of sustainability education
This paper analyses the economic impact of Transnational Corporations through their activities across Global Value Chains (GVCs), using Mexico as baseline country. By exploiting the UNCTAD-Eora Global Value Chain database, we conduct an exploratory research methodology. We first unfold the relationship between GVC trade and economic development by disaggregating GVC trade into its two components (
The Standard Model of particle physics (SM) attempts to describe the fundamental particles and how they interact with each other. This model is however incomplete, as shown by various experimental observations. ATLAS is one of the experiments currently in operation at the Large Hadron Collider, which aims to search for new physics beyond the SM. To perform these searches, many ATLAS analyses look
This study evaluates and compares four green roof methods with the purpose to calculate how many green roofs that potentially can be built on already existing buildings in a city. The methods are created for the cities Braunschweig, Thessaloniki, Lisbon and Lund. All of the methods mainly use Geospatial Information Systems and remote sensing analysis as tools. In order to answer the research quest
Denna studie utvärderar och jämför fyra grönatakmetoder med syftet att beräkna hur många gröna tak som potentiellt kan byggas på redan befintliga byggnader i en stad. Metoderna rör städerna Braunschweig, Thessaloniki, Lissabon och Lund. Geografiska informationssystem och fjärranalys används som verktyg i alla metoderna. Vidare observerar denna studie de kriterier som valts ut i metoderna och underThis study evaluates and compares four green roof methods with the purpose to calculate how many green roofs that potentially can be built on already existing buildings in a city. The methods concern the cities Braunschweig, Thessaloniki, Lisbon, and Lund. Geospatial Information Systems and remote sensing analysis are used as tools in all of the methods. Furthermore, this study observes the criter
