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Hur och under vilka omständigheter definieras och inramas skolledarskap? Frågan ställs i detta kapitel till två slags texter som vid sidan av sina respektive huvudfunktioner just definierar och inramar skolledares görande. Det är, för det första, texter som reglerar rektorers uppdrag generellt och på nationell nivå, närmare bestämt styrdokument för den sedan 2010 obligatoriska rektorsutbildningen

This chapter focuses on measuring spatial pattern in floodplains and reviews 108 publications from 1934-2013 to determine trends, dominant paradigms, and approaches to measuring spatial pattern in floodplains. The development of new technologies, especially those associated with remotely sensed data capture, increases the ability to quantitatively measure the spatial complexity of floodplain surfa

A number of researchers have attempted to define and encapsulate the essence of ‘critical research’. It has been suggested to encompass interpretation of social phenomena, and seeks for understandings that could support efforts to bring about beneficial change. It has been further suggested that such work is characterised by: concern with substantive social issues (e.g. power, values); foundation

Beskrivning ges av analysteknik (protoninducerad röntgenstrålning), provtagningsteknik (kaskadimpaktor av Battelle-typ) och provberedningsteknik. Utfört arbete i form av provbehandlingsförbättringar, konstruktion och förbättring av provtagare, bestämning av lämpliga analysparametrar samt uppbyggnad av ett dataprogramsystem presenteras. Sammanställning av resultat i form av beräknade medelvärden i

Popular Abstract in Swedish Vilket lands domstolar är behöriga att lösa tvister som kan uppkomma till följd av elektroniska avtal där parterna hör hemma i olika länder? Vilket lands lag skall domstolen använda? Även om en svensk domstol är behörig är det inte säkert att den skall använda svensk lag. Dessa frågor sorterar inom ett ämnesområde som heter interationell privat- och processrätt. I avhanThis study addresses some of the private international law perspectives on electronic commerce, namely the matters of jurisdiction and choice of law. Electronic commerce is based on the formation of contracts, and when there are contracts, questions regarding legal issues arise. A distinctive trait of electronic business is that its activities are not bound by geographic borders in a traditional s

In this paper, we propose a new system-level design language, called SystemJ. It extends Java with synchronous reactive features present in Esterel and asynchronous constructs suitable for modelling globally asynchronous locally synchronous systems. The strength of SystemJ comes from its ability to offer the data processing and encapsulation elegance of Java, Esterel-like reactivity and synchrony,

This paper presents the concept and initial work on a microfluidic platform for bead-based analysis of biological sample. The core technology in this project is ultrasonic manipulation and trapping of particle in array configurations by means of acoustic forces. The platform is ultimately aimed for parallel multistep bioassays performed on biochemically activated microbeads (or particles) using su

The development of real-time ultrasound in the 1970's made indelible inpact on antenatal care. Assessing foetal growth and detecting deviations from normal in both growth and foetal anatomy became fesible. Expectant parents could also 'see' their foetus. Normal foetal growth parameters at term were consituted and selected parameters from the second trimester were evaluated in the detection of chro

The objective of this study was to identify possible changes in mRNA and protein expression of high-mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1) and its suggested receptors - receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) and Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and TLR4 - in human cervix during pregnancy, term and preterm labor. Cervical biopsies were taken from 58 women: 20 at preterm labor, 24 at term labo

In this paper we present a novel method for predictive coding with application to transmission of speech over packet-switched networks. Our method uses multiplexing to distribute a part of the information about a segment of each speech signal in several data packets while keeping the data packet rate and payload for that part of the information unchanged. We investigate three multiplexing schemes:

The scientific community has gratefully embraced floating-point arithmetic to escape the close attention for accuracy and precision required in fixed-point computational styles. Though its deficiencies are well known, the role of the floating-point system as standard has kept other number representation systems from coming into practice. The paper discusses the relation between fixed and floating-

A genetic algorithm for optimal placement of optical fibers in arbitrary geometries for interstitial photodynamic therapy has been developed. Based on calculated fiber positions, the diffuse light distribution is simulated by solving the diffusion equation by means of the finite element method and the treatment time is calculated. Utilizing an instrument for interstitial photodynamic therapy that

Currently, no ideal prostate cancer (PCa) diagnostic or prognostic test is available due to the lack of biomarkers with high sensitivity and specificity. There is an unmet medical need to develop combinations of multiple biomarkers which may have higher accuracy in detection of PCa and stratification of aggressive and indolent cancer patients. The aim of this study was to test two biomarker gene p

In 1822 the Parliament of the United Kingdom passed The Cruel Treatment of Cattle Act, which today is considered to be an important forerunner to modern animal protection and anti-cruelty legislation. However, the new Enlightenment attitudes to animals stemmed from an overly anthropocentric perception of the natural world and the place of the human animal in it. At the heart of the movement agains

BACKGROUND: Iodine has been suggested to protect against breast cancer, but there are no epidemiologic studies on individual risk. An interesting finding is that in areas where the exposure to both selenium and iodine are high (e.g., Japan), the risk of breast cancer is lower than in areas where selenium is high and iodine low (e.g., United States), or in areas where both are low (e.g., Northern E

Introduction: Fetal growth restriction is associated with adverse perinatal outcome and the clinical management of these pregnancies is a challenge. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of cerebroplacental ratio (CPR) to predict adverse perinatal outcome in high-risk pregnancies in the third trimester. Another aim was to study whether the CPR has better predictive value than its

Technology of 3D printing is opening the possibility for small-scale production in quantities between ten and several hundred pieces. The technology of adding material enables the production of complex and integrated functional concepts in a single-pass process, which consequently potentially reduces the need for assembly operations. Design approaches and manufacturing processing are not mastered