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Regional climate models (RCMs) primarily represent physical components of the climate system, omitting vegetation dynamics, ecosystem biogeochemistry and their associated feedbacks. To account for such feedbacks, we implemented a novel plant individual-based vegetation dynamics-ecosystem biogeochemistry scheme within the RCA3 RCM. Variations in leaf area index (LAI) of seven plant functional type
The solution of the forward problem in fluorescence molecular imaging strongly influences the successful convergence of the fluorophore reconstruction. The most common approach to meeting this problem has been to apply the diffusion approximation. However, this model is a first-order angular approximation of the radiative transfer equation, and thus is subject to some well-known limitations. This
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate, using simulations, a method for improved contrast agent (CA) quantification in DCE-MRI. Methods: We developed a maximum likelihood estimator that combines the phase signal in the DCE-MRI image series with an additional CA estimate, e.g. the estimate obtained from magnitude data. A number of simulations were performed to investigate the ability
This article discusses the prospects and limitations of the scientific basis for offering personalized nutrition advice based upon individual genetic information. Two divergent scientific positions are presented, with an ethical comment. The crucial question is whether the current knowledge base is sufficiently strong for taking an ethically responsible decision to offer personalized nutrition adv
PURPOSE: To analyze the effect of germline mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 on mortality in patients with ovarian cancer up to 10 years after diagnosis.EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We used unpublished survival time data for 2,242 patients from two case-control studies and extended survival time data for 4,314 patients from previously reported studies. All participants had been screened for deleterious germlin
The ecological debt concept emerged in the early 1990s from within social movements driven by rising environmental awareness, emerging Western consciousness of responsibility for past colonial subjugations, and a general sense of unease during the debt crisis. First developed organically, mainly in locally-scaled, civil contexts, ecological debt has since gained attention in academia and internati
Popular Abstract in Swedish Sedan människan lyckades skapa eld har förbränning utgjort den viktigaste energikällan i mänsklighetens långa historia, viket den ser ut att fortsätta vara det inom en överskådlig framtid. I dagsläget kommer mer än 90% av vår energi från förbränningsprocesser. Dock uppstår en rad problem kring förbränning, såsom föroreningar och möjligheten till använda sig av förnyelseNowadays, more than 90% of our energy comes from combustion processes. Hence, it is very important to perform combustion research to reduce emissions, improve efficiency, find clean and renewable fuels, strengthen safety, etc. The complexity of combustion processes asks for advanced diagnostic tools, among which the laser spectroscopy has been proved to be a powerful one. This thesis is about the
High-temperature catalytic processes such as partial oxidation of Methane (POX) and steam Methane reforming (SMR) may benefit from use of reactor systems using monolithic honeycomb structures. Hereby, process performance is enhanced through more efficient heat transfer and considerable smaller reactor foot-prints than for conventional reactor concepts. Compact ceramic heat exchange structures may
Oranic acid anhydrides (OAAs) are important reactive, low-molecular-weight industrial chemicals which induce allergic rhinitis and asthma in exposed subjects. Specific IgE has been demonstrated in a large proportion of OAA-exposed workers. The characteristics of the OAAs make them excellent model compounds for studies of quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR) of allergenicity. In the
Polyphosphoinositides, the different phosphorylated variants of the phospholipid phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns), are used in a wide array of intracellular mechanisms in eukaryotic cells. The phosphorylation of PtdIns at carbon D4, catalyzed by phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase, is an important step in the synthesis of several of these molecules. The presence of different isoenzymes of PtdIns 4-kinase i
We discuss the IAU resolutions B1.3, B1.4, B1.5, and B1.9 that wereadopted during the 24th General Assembly in Manchester, 2000, andprovides details on and explanations for these resolutions. It isexplained why they present significant progress over the correspondingIAU 1991 resolutions and why they are necessary in the light of presentaccuracies in astrometry, celestial mechanics, and metrology.
This paper examines references of visual product identity in product design. The perception of identity is the result of a composite experience of the presentational and representational dimensions of the product. As consumers to a large degree create their value perceptions of products and brands based on the design of the product, it is important for companies to understand how perceptions of id
Projects often suffer from lack of logistics considerations in the early phases. Since logistics is not the main focus of the people involved in the project, logistics solutions become reactive rather than proactive. With the increasing global competition, forcing companies to shorten time-to-market for their projects and becoming more cost effective, it becomes increasingly important to manage pr
Colonialism’ and ‘decolonization’ have been dealt with by postcolonial studies and, more recently, by scholars identified with the ‘de-colonial turn’. At the same time, in the ethnopolitically charged context of contemporary Bolivian society, colonialism and decolonization have become issues of political, existential and even cosmological import. This thesis identifies a need to root the ‘de-colon
