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Assembly of the functional complexes of the mitochondrial respiratory chain requires sophisticated and efficient regulatory mechanisms. In plants, the subunit composition and assembly factors involved in the biogenesis of cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV) are substantially less defined than in mammals and yeast. In this study, we cloned maize (Zea mays) Small kernel 11 (Smk11) via map-based clonin
Glucose transporters (GLUTs) are responsible for transporting hexose molecules across cellular membranes. In adipocytes, insulin stimulates glucose uptake by redistributing GLUT4 to the plasma membrane. In unstimulated adipose-like mouse cell lines, GLUT4 is known to be retained intracellularly by binding to TUG protein, while upon insulin stimulation, GLUT4 dissociates from TUG. Here, we report t
From an interdisciplinary approach, this study aims at analyzing self-reported animal fear, specifically large carnivore fear, in relation to public willingness to pay to fulfill a governmental policy on large carnivore-induced costs. In a survey in Sweden involving more than 2,000 respondents, it was found that people whose animal fear was directed particularly toward large carnivores were less l
Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is characterized by dysfunction of respiratory cilia and sperm flagella and random determination of visceral asymmetry. Here, we identify the DRC1 subunit of the nexin-dynein regulatory complex (N-DRC), an axonemal structure critical for the regulation of dynein motors, and show that mutations in the gene encoding DRC1, CCDC164, are involved in PCD pathogenesis. Lo
Background: Identification of disease-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) may be facilitated by focusing on genes in a disease-associated pathway. Objective: To search for SNPs in genes that belong to the T-cell receptor (TCR) pathway and that change in expression in allergen-challenged CD4+ cells from patients with SAR. Methods: CD4+ cells from pa
To evaluate the impact of low birth weight as a risk factor for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) that will require treatment in correlation with gestational age at birth (GA).
The high youth unemployment in Uganda has resulted in youth volunteering to gain competitive advantages in the labour market. Volunteering has an important place in social development, and it is beneficial for the individual. This study investigated how youth volunteering within non-governmental organisations are creating opportunities for youth empowerment in Kampala, Uganda. A majority of previo
Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning Ska du flyga långt med de där vingarna? Vissa fåglar flyger långt, andra inte. Silvertärnorna flaxar med vingarna från Arktis till Antarktis medan pingvinerna använder vingarna för att simma och inte flyger alls. Eftersom att olika fåglar använder sina vingar på så olika sätt så har nämnda vingar anpassats efter vingbärarnas behov. Vissa studier har visat sambaAbstract Bird wings are adapted to the needs of the birds and bird wings therefore differ between species, but also between ages and sexes. In this thesis, an interspecific analysis investigating relations between measurements of wing shape for birds within the Sylviidae-family, revealed strong connections between morphologically unrelated measurements. Long distances (compared to the wing length
The transformational mode of sustainability science is concerned with generating actionable knowledge and practical solutions to complex sustainability challenges in order to facilitate a transition towards sustainability by strategizing transformational pathways. However, some scholars in the field believe that sustainability science lacks such capacity, since so far greater focus has been put on
OBJECTIVE: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (i.e., increased intrahepatic triglyceride [IHTG] content), predisposes to type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Adipose tissue lipolysis and hepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL) are the main pathways contributing to IHTG. We hypothesized that dietary macronutrient composition influences the pathways, mediators, and magnitude of weight gain-induced ch
Background: The importance of alerting health care systems of patients carrying multidrug-resistant bacteria (MRB) is highlighted in numerous guidelines. In the absence of electronic alert systems, notification cards are often recommended, but have rarely been evaluated. We evaluated patient experiences of receiving and using a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) notification card.
Recent data shows that fibroblast growth factor 14 (FGF14) binds to and controls the function of the voltage-gated sodium (Nav) channel with phenotypic outcomes on neuronal excitability. Mutations in the FGF14 gene in humans have been associated with brain disorders that are partially recapitulated in Fgf14(-/-) mice. Thus, signaling pathways that modulate the FGF14:Nav channel interaction may be
Succinate:quinone reductases are membrane-bound enzymes that catalyze electron transfer from succinate to quinone. Some enzymes in vivo reduce ubiquinone (exergonic reaction) whereas others reduce menaquinone (endergonic reaction). The succinate:menaquinone reductases all contain two heme groups in the membrane anchor of the enzyme: a proximal heme (heme b(P)) located close to the negative side of
The aecA and aecB loci map at 250 and 290 degrees, respectively, on the Bacillus subtilis chromosomal genetic map. The aecB locus has been proposed as the structural gene for aspartokinase II. From DNA sequence analyses and comparisons to the sequence of the aspartokinase II gene, it can be concluded that the structural gene for aspartokinase II is located close to sdh at 250 degrees and cannot be
Transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) is a member of a large family of polypeptide growth factors. TGFβ signals mainly through the intracellular proteins Smad2 and Smad3, which are highly similar in amino acid sequence identity. A number of studies have shown that these proteins, dependent on context, have distinct roles in the TGFβ signaling pathway. TGFβ is one of the most potent inhibitors of hem
Background: Galectin 3 and ST2 are mediators and biomarkers of myocardial fibrosis and remodeling that have recently entered the clinical practice guidelines as prognostic factors in heart failure patients. Elevated galectin 3 and ST2 levels in acute myocardial infarction patients have also been associated with increased incidence of adverse events during follow-up. Purpose: We aimed to assess the
Catalysis is a powerful tool to highly efficient production of desired newchemicals by acceleration of a chemical reaction rate. Special compounds used forthis purpose are called catalysts; they induce a change in the chemicalenvironment without being consumed during the process. Catalysis affects manyfields of life leading to a decrease of the energy use, less pollution, fewer sideproducts and lo
