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Aims/hypothesis: Preterm birth (gestational age <37 weeks) has been associated with insulin resistance early in life. However, no large population-based studies have examined risks of type 1 and type 2 diabetes and potential sex-specific differences from childhood into adulthood. Clinicians will increasingly encounter adults who were born prematurely and will need to understand their long-term ris
The aim of this study was to perform a preliminary assessment of the expected effective dose rate from external exposure to an adult individual staying at that part of the radioactively contaminated territory of the Vetka district of the Gomel region of the Republic of Belarus, from where residents had been resettled after the Chernobyl accident. For this assessment, in summer 2016 and 2018 soil s
Introduction The potential impact of socio-economic condition on virological suppression during antiretroviral treatment (ART) in sub-Saharan Africa is largely unknown. In this case-control study, we compared socio-economic factors among Ethiopian ART recipients with lack of virological suppression to those with undetectable viral load (VL). Methods Cases (VL>1000 copies/ml) and controls (VL<150 c
PURPOSE: Radiological assessment of primary brain neoplasms, both high (HGG) and low grade tumors (LGG), based on contrast-enhancement alone can be inaccurate. We evaluated the radiological value of amide proton transfer weighted (APTw) MRI as an imaging complement for pre-surgical radiological diagnosis of brain tumors.METHODS: Twenty-six patients were evaluated prospectively; (22 males, 4 female
BACKGROUND: Prior research has established a positive association between the single-measured triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and hypertension. Nevertheless, longitudinal studies addressing the enduring impact of TyG index on incident hypertension are lacking. This study sought to explore the association between cumulative TyG index (cum-TyG) and incident hypertension, especially obesity-related
Objective: To analyze the outcomes of urgent/emergent endovascular aortic repair of patients with free/contained ruptured thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms (rTAAA). Background: Endovascular repair of rTAAA has been scarcely described in emergent setting. Methods: An international multicenter retrospective observational study (ClinicalTrials.govID:NCT05956873) from January 2015 to January 2023 in 6
Background: Keeping the umbilical cord intact the first minutes after delivery is beneficial for both term and preterm infants. However, this may be challenging in caesarean sections (CS) due to lack of mobile resuscitation equipment, maintenance of sterility or concern for excessive maternal blood loss. The objective of this study was to develop and pilot-test extra-uterine placental transfusion
Background: MR-generated acoustic noise may be particularly concerning at 7-Tesla (T) systems. Noise levels can be reduced by altering gradient output using software optimization. However, such alterations might influence image quality or prolong scan times, and these optimizations have not been well characterized. Purpose: To evaluate image quality, sound pressure levels (SPLs), and perceived noi
BACKGROUND: Glibenclamide (Gb) may provoke long-lasting hypoglycaemic reactions, and one of the known risk factors is impaired renal function. We have demonstrated Gb to have a terminal elimination half-life of 15 h, and the main metabolites have a hypoglycaemic effect. With few exceptions, detailed studies on second generation sulphonylureas in diabetics with impaired renal function are lacking.
Background: Abdominal obesity is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The aim was to explore the influence of midnight salivary cortisol (MSC), antidepressants and sex on abdominal obesity in type 1 diabetes (T1D). We controlled for physical inactivity, smoking, depression and alexithymia. Methods: Cross sectional study of 190 T1D patients (86 women/104 men, 18-59 years, diabetes duration 1-5
Context: After an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, a majority of patients have a traumatic bone marrow lesion (BML, or bone bruise). The clinical relevance of posttraumatic lesions remains unclear. Objective: To explore the cross-sectional associations between traumatic BML volume and self-reported knee pain and symptoms among individuals within 4 weeks of ACL injury. Design: Cross-section
Svensk sammanfattningKraftiga förluster av pollinerare är oroande och det har talats om risken för att en pollineringskris ska uppstå, med konsekvenser för både människor och miljö. De flesta blommande växter och tre av fyra odlade grödor är nämligen insektspollinerade (Box 1). Minskningarna hänger ihop med det moderna jordbrukets utveckling. Många gamla hagmarker och ängsmarker där bin och fjärilAgricultural intensification and associated loss of semi-natural grasslands, has resulted in reduced landscape heterogeneity. A concomitant loss of forage and nest sites for pollinating insects has driven declines across several pollinator taxa. Because 75% of the cultivated crops and more than 85% of the flowering plant species are insectpollinated, concerns have been raised that the pollinator d
The identification of carotid atheromatous plaques associated to a higher neurologic risk may be important in therapeutic decision making for asymptomatic patients and symptomatic patients with 50%-70% stenosis. The introduction of high-definition ultrasonography (HDU) and computer-assisted image analysis provides the possibility of a standard, objective and detailed characterization of the struct
Background: Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) using magnitude inversion recovery (IR) or phase sensitive inversion recovery (PSIR) has become clinical standard for assessment of myocardial infarction (MI). However, there is no clinical standard for quantification of MI even though multiple methods have been proposed. Simple thresholds have yielded varying re
Background: There is limited knowledge concerning fall-related activity avoidance in people with Parkinson's disease (PD); such knowledge would be of importance for the development of more efficient PD-care and rehabilitation. This study aimed to examine how fall-related activity avoidance relates to a history of self-reported falls/near falls and fear of falling (FOF) as well as to disease severi
Background: The time spent in nursing homes (NHs) by patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) might be influenced by many factors, e.g., sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, rate of disease progression, and concomitant disorders. Whether different aspects of cholinesterase inhibitor (ChEI) therapy (drug agent, dose, and duration) affect time spent in NHs has not been investigated. We studi
A reliable assessment of the optical properties of atmospheric black carbon is of crucial importance for an accurate estimation of radiative forcing. In this study we investigated the spatio-temporal variability of the mass absorption cross-section (MAC) of atmospheric black carbon, defined as light absorption coefficient (σap) divided by elemental carbon mass concentration (mEC). σap and mEC have
Aim of the study Predicting outcome of unconscious patients after successful resuscitation is challenging and better prognostic markers are highly needed. Ischemic heart disease is a common cause of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Whether or not high-sensitivity troponin T (hs-TnT) is a prognostic marker among survivors of OHCA with both ischemic and non-ischemic aetiologies remains to be d
Objectives The aim was to study blood transfusions and blood product ratios in massively transfused patients treated for ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms (rAAAs). Methods This was a registry based cohort study of rAAA patients repaired at three major vascular centres between 2008 and 2013. Data were collected from the Swedish Vascular Registry, hospitals medical records, and local transfusion r
