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Desalination can be a cost-effective way to produce fresh water and possibly electricity. The Gaza Strip has had a complex hydro-political situation for many years. Gaza (enclosed area) is bordered by the Mediterranean in the west, by Israel in the north and east and by Egypt in the south. Water and electricity consumption in the Gaza Strip is expected to increase in the future due to the increasi
Lignin is the most abundant aromatic biopolymer on Earth, and its aromatic structure makes it a promising platform for the production of biobased chemicals and other valuable building blocks. The valorization of lignin into chemicals currently presents a challenge, and its facilitation is key in the development of viable lignocellulosic biorefinery processes. This study presents a conceptual desig
A goal of the International Prophylaxis Study Group (IPSG) is to provide an accurate instrument to measure MRI-based disease severity of haemophilic arthropathy at various time points, so that longitudinal changes in disease severity can be identified to support decisions on treatment management. We review and discuss in this paper the evaluative purpose of the IPSG MRI scale in relation to its de
We present calculations on the atomic delay in photoionzation obtained with different combinations of linearly and circularly polarized light, and show how a tensor operator approach can be used to readily obtain results for any combination from a single calculation of the radial integrals. We find that for certain choices of polarization and detection geometry a single time-delay measurement is e
Apart from microhardness and elastic modulus, the stress-strain relation is another important characteristic that more and more scholars have been trying to extract from nanoindentation. With the development of artificial intelligence and computer technology, a machine learning based method is proposed in this paper to extract stress-strain curve of grey cast iron using sharp nanoindentation. Firs
Background: Head position during care may affect cerebral haemodynamics and contribute to the development of germinal matrix-intraventricular haemorrhage (GM-IVH) in very preterm infants. Turning the head toward one side may occlude jugular venous drainage while increasing intracranial pressure and cerebral blood volume. It is suggested that cerebral venous pressure is reduced and hydrostatic brai
In this work, three polymeric resins were examined as alternatives for the separation of hemicellulose and lignin. The aim was to remove the lignin from spent-sulfite-liquor (SSL) prior to ultrafiltration, producing a hemicellulose-rich retentate with high purity, and increase the capacity of the membrane filtration. The lignin in the SSL was sulfonated; thus, two of the resins were anion exchange
Decision analysis is often used to help decision makers choose among alternatives, based on the expected utility associated to each alternative as function of its consequences and potential impacts. Environmental impacts are not always among the prioritized concerns of traditional decision making. This has fostered the development of several environmental problems and is nowadays a reason of conce
Även om man redan under 1930- och 40 talen förstod att små vattendroppar under vissa förutsättningar kan förbättra släckeffektiviteten för vatten jämfört med större vattendroppar och slutna vattenstrålar, så var det inte förrän på 1990 talet som tekniken med fasta system med ”vattendimma” kommersialiserades. Incitamentet var i första hand det så kallade Montrealprotokollet och branden ombord på pModern, commercial water mist fire protection system technology evolved at the beginning of the 1990s due a need to replace halon fire-extinguishing systems and improve fire safety on passenger ships. This thesis documents the unknown water mist system development work by two Swedish companies during the 1970s and 1980s. It also documents the development of the first international installation rec
Different scientific communities produce different kinds of datasets that rely on different data descriptions, approaches, and logical organisations. In such an environment, it is essential to establish a knowledge communication framework that can guarantee some fundamentals, such as an inclusive description and documentation of the interdisciplinary digital resources, their long-term preservation
This paper summarizes the experimental and numerical investigations on an innovative hybrid joint for timber structures. A total of 12 hybrid dowel and bonding steel plate joints divided in four subgroups were investigated. Different parameters such as the presence of self-tapping screws and the surface treatment of the bonding steel plate, were studied. For two subgroups, a vulcanized rubber laye
Determining how electrode structure governs the performance of an electrocatalyst requires techniques capable of probing structure at the atomic scale, often in situ and operando. In recent years, there have been numerous advances in the main experimental techniques for determining the structure of the electrochemical interface. In situ/operando synchrotron surface x-ray diffraction measurements a
Pulmonary arterial hypertension and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension are rare conditions that require complex interventions by multidisciplinary teams. The European Society of Cardiology (ESC)/the European Respiratory Society (ERS) 2015 guidelines included recommendations for pulmonary hypertension (PH) referral centers including minimum number of patients, staff, facilities, and netw
The problem of equivalence in terms of multistability properties between gene regulatory network models of different dimensionality has been recently addressed by Schittler et al.(2013). The authors in that work proposed construction rules for a high-dimensional dynamical system, when given a low-dimensional dynamical system and the high-dimensional network structure. However, the proof therein wa
A severe water scarcity challenge is facing Iraq, which is predominantly due to the absence of water management policies, negatively impacting the water quantity and quality provision from the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. Moreover, these practices have led to the intrusion of the Arabian Gulf salinity wedge into the Shatt Al-Arab River (SAR), which is the main water source for most water treatment
Based on a modified force balance model, new correlations were proposed for the prediction of vapor bubble departure radius in saturated and subcooled pool boiling under atmospheric pressure. To predict the departure radius, the wall temperature and contact angle are two important input parameters. Instead of the static contact angle, the present correlations use the dynamic advancing contact angl
Purpose: To find a practical method for estimating the degree of sliding that occurs in screw-plate devices used in hip-fracture surgery. Greater understanding of the sliding mechanisms in different fracture types should improve surgical technique and reduce the failure rate. Methods and Results: In dynamic screw-plate devices, the lag screw slides inside the barrel of the plate. A recent innovati
