Filtyp
While maximum standard absolute adjectives (such as straight) typically have a precise meaning (e.g., ‘perfectly straight’), they are also regularly used imprecisely (e.g., to mean ‘straight enough’). The current study investigates how contextual expectations of precision and a visual referent’s conceptual distance from an ideal maximum standard influence the processing effort of precise and impre
Migratory strategies of birds require complex orientation mechanisms, morphological adaptations, and life-history adjustments. From an evolutionary perspective, it is important to know how fast this complex combination of traits can evolve. We analyzed mitochondrial control-region DNA sequences in 241 blackcaps (Sylvia atricapilla) from 12 populations with different migratory behaviors. The sample
Previous studies in drylands have shown that while gender roles are becoming more flexible, privatization and formalization of land tenure tends to marginalize women in drylands while environmental degradation leads to differential changes in gender workload. Chepareria, a ward in West Pokot County, has undergone the above-mentioned tenure and environmental changes and is nowadays dominated by pri
Tidal marshes have recently been shown to be important biogenic Si recycling surfaces at the land-sea interface. The role of vegetation in this recycling process has not yet been quantified. In situ and ex situ decomposition experiments were conducted with Phragmites australis stems. In a freshwater tidal marsh, litterbags were incubated at different elevations and during both winter and summer. B
This thesis highlights the research and development of a new plastic-scintillator detector for time-of-flight measurements in relativistic heavy-ion beam experiments. The detector makes possible the identification of different ion species on flight distances as short as a few meters. The novelty lies in the design approach of using many moderately fast, independent measurements of every physical e
Sexuality and cyst formation were studied in the marine dinoflagellate species Gymnodinium catenatum Graham, Gymnodinium nolleri Ellegaard ? Moestrup, Alexandrium catenella (Whedon et Kofoid) Balech, and Lingulodinium polyedrum (Stein) Dodge. The study included the morphological characterization of sexual stages and processes, the time and description of meiosis, the study of the length and regula
The general aim of this thesis was to study how memorial places and objects serve as links and meeting points between the bereaved and their conceptions and memories of the departed. This has been examined in several different ways, from various viewpoints, and placed in different contexts and periods in time. The general result is that there are several and complementary ways through which materi
A classical solution for matching two image patches is to use the cross-correlation coefficient. This works well if there is a lot of structure within the patches, but not so well if the patches are close to uniform. This means that some patches are matched with more confidence than others. By estimating this uncertainty more weight can be put on the confident matches than those that are more unce
The luminescence from single quantum dots has been studied. Single dot photoluminescence was studied under continuous as well as under pulsed excitation. Time-resolved studies revealed fast relaxations in quantum dots. The time resolved measurements were fitted with a set of rate equations. Blinking in the luminescence was observed on a few quantum dots. The polarization of the emission from singl
The future evolution of global ice sheets under anthropogenic greenhouse forcing and its impact on the climate system, including the regional climate of the ice sheets, are investigated with a comprehensive earth system model consisting of a coupled Atmosphere-Ocean General Circulation Model, a dynamic vegetation model and an ice sheet model. The simulated control climate is realistic enough to pe
Popular Abstract in Swedish Papperstillverkning inkluderar flera processteg såsom flisning av träråvaran, massakokning och avvattning med vakuumlådor, pressning och torkning. Flera modeller av de mest viktiga processerna i torkpartiet presenteras i denna avhandling. Modellerna beskriver både statiska och dynamiska förlopp. Nya reglerstrategier som kan användas för både reglering vid stationär drifThe paper making process involves chopping of wood, cooking and forming, followed by dewatering in a vacuum section, press section and drying section. Several models for the most important parts of the paper machine drying section are presented in this thesis to describe phenomena at steady state and during state transitions. New control strategies applicable/useful for both steady-state control a
Popular Abstract in Swedish Den här doktorsavhandlingen handlar om vad som händer när ljus lyser genom spridande material. Det viktigaste användningsområdet är inom medicin, men även tillämpningar inom atmosfärsmätningar berörs. Metoderna som är beskrivs är dessutom så generella att de kan användas för alla typer av spridande material, till exempel olika livsmedel, papper, plast, färg och rök. I eSpectroscopic analysis of scattering media is difficult because the effective path length of the light is non-trivial to predict when photons are scattered many times. The main area of research for such conditions is biological tissues, which scatter light because of variations of the refractive index on the cellular level. In order to analyze tissues to diagnose diseases, or predict doses during,
Femtosecond and nanosecond photolysis of CH2I2 in acetonitrile at an excitation wavelength of 266-nm yield the ground-state CH2I-I isomer product in similar to70% quantum yield. High isomer formation quantum yields (> 70%) were measured also in n-hexane, dichloromethane, methanol, and ethanol using nanosecond photolysis. The CH2I-I product is formed biphasically within similar to15 ps after excita
Popular Abstract in Swedish Den dansk-svenske forfatter Gustaf Munch-Petersen (1912-1938) betragtes som en af portalskikkelserne i den danske lyriske modernisme. Han døde 26 år gammel som frivillig i den spanske borgerkrig, en konflikt, vi i dag ofte betragter som en del af optakten til anden verdenskrig. Dette tidlige endeligt gjorde ham til en af skandinavisk litteraturs ”unge døde”. Men det er The Danish-Swedish writer Gustaf Munch-Petersen (1912-1938) is considered one of the pioneers of Danish modernist poetry. His death at the age of 26 as a volunteer in the Spanish Civil War, a conflict that was later widely understood as a prelude to the Second World War, made him one of “the young dead” of Scandinavian literature. But this is only one among several pictures of him. Self and identi
The excited-state processes of protochlorophyllide a, the precursor of chlorophyll a in chlorophyll biosynthesis, are studied using picosecond time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. Following excitation into the Soret band, two distinct fluorescence components, with emission maxima at 640 and 647 nm, ore observed. The 640 nm emitting component appears within the time resolution of the experiment
Abstract in Danish Denne artikel rejser spørgsmålet om grunderne til neuropsykiatriens dominans inden for feltet mentala forstyrrelser. I kapitlets første del søges orsagerne i neuropsykiatriens videnskablige inhold. Diskussionen vil især dreje sig om neuropsykiatrins klassifikations- og førklaringssystem. Det vil bland andet framgå, at neuropsykiatriens fenomenologisk baserede klassifikationer (D
Methods for simple and fast detection and differentiation of bacterial species are required, for instance, in medicine, water quality monitoring, and the food industry. Here, we have developed a novel label array method for the counting and differentiation of bacterial species. This method is based on the nonspecific interactions of multiple unstable lanthanide chelates and selected chemicals with
