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Är en sur vattenmiljö dålig för bakterier? Bakterier finns överallt på vår planet och är bland annat viktiga för nerbrytningsprocesser i naturen. De bakterier som klassificeras som heterotrofa livnär sig genom att bryta ner döda växt-och djurdelar och omvandla detta till energi. I sjöar och vattendrag utgör dessa bakterier en central del, då de kan utnyttja resurser som är otillgängliga för andraAbstract The environmental pH is an important factor affecting bacterial physiology and function as well as community composition in soil and marine ecosystems. However, studies of the effect of pH on bacterial function in limnic systems have been scarce. Considering studies in soil where it has been conclusively confirmed that bacterial growth rates (μ) are considerably lower in a low pH environ

Syftet med denna uppsats är att utreda det straffrättsliga skyddet mot hedersrelaterat våld och förtryck mot kvinnor, samt studera hur strukturella ojämlikheter påverkar kvinnors möjligheter till skydd mot denna typ av våld i Sverige. För att uppnå detta syfte behandlas frågor som exempelvis vad hedersrelaterat våld och förtryck är, hur den svenska lagstiftningen på området ser ut samt hur lagstifThe purpose of this thesis is to examine whether the Swedish criminal justice system gives women adequate protection against honor related violence and oppression. The thesis also examines how structural inequalities effects the protection provided by the system. To achieve this, the thesis defines what honor related violence and oppression is, examines how the applicable Swedish law is designed a

Enligt 51 kap. 1 § 2 st. 3 p. skatteförfarandelagen (2011:1244) ska hel eller delvis befrielse från skattetillägg meddelas om en oskäligt lång tid har gått efter det att Skatteverket har funnit anledning att anta att avgift ska tas ut. Befrielsegrunden infördes vid 2003 års skattetilläggsreform i syfte att tillgodose Europakonventionens krav på rättssäkerhet. Genom att använda den rättsdogmatiskAccording to Chapter 51 Section 1 (3) of the Swedish Tax Procedure Act, skatteförfarandelagen (2011:1244), the STPA, there is a possibility to be granted exemption from tax surcharges if the length of the tax proceedings has been excessive. The purpose of this paper is to examine Chapter 51 Section 1 (3) of the STPA and to analyze the relationship between Swedish applicable law and the right to a

Bygg- och fastighetsbranschen står idag för ungefär en femtedel av Sveriges nationella växthusgasutsläpp. Majoriteten av branschens ansträngningar för att minska utsläppen har fram tills idag fokuserat på hållbar nyproduktion och energieffektiviseringar av byggnader vilket har motiverats med att detta har ansetts vara de områden som ger upphov till störst utsläpp. Kommersiella byggnader genomgår dThe construction and real estate industry in Sweden accounts for approximately one-fifth of the country’s national greenhouse gas emissions. Until today, the majority of the industry’s efforts to reduce emissions have focused on sustainable construction of new buildings and energy efficiency improvements of existing buildings, which has been justified by the fact that these have been the areas con

The Swedish construction and real estate sector has a significant impact on the total national carbon dioxide emissions and energy consumption. Thus, energy efficient and environmentally friendly renovation measures of existing buildings in Sweden plays an important role in the attempt to mitigate the climate changes. By applying the methodology developed by the IEA EBC Annex 56, this study focuse

When a ground surface is subjected to a load an increased level of stress will occur in the soil underneath. As soil material has a limited permeability, an increased stress will initially result in an excess pore water pressure. However, as time passes the water will flow and the pore water pressure will even out. The relation between the total stress, the excess pore water pressure and the effec

In this thesis a system for tracking the fingers of a user using sound waves is developed. The proposed solution is to attach a small speaker to each finger and then have a number of microphones placed ad hoc around a computer monitor listening to the speakers. The system should then be able to track the positions of the fingers so that the coordinates can be mapped to the computer monitor and be

5G New Radio is the next generation of mobile networks and it comes with promises of ultra-high speeds, ultra-high reliability and ultra-low latency. This has posed a challenge for the engineers entrusted with the task of finding solutions which could fulfil the specification, and as a result, some promising areas have received increased attention in recent years. Signal processing techniques like

På Siciliens östkust strax söder om Syrakusa, ligger ett långsmalt naturområde som följer kusten längs halvön Maddalenas sydspets ut till udden Capo Murro di Porco. Det är en obebyggd kustremsa sånär som på en fyrbyggnad med två angränsande stenhus. Naturen domineras av det klippiga landskapet och de tre byggnaderna som kommit att smälta in i omgivningen. I detta arbete, som är en fallstudie som Capo Murro di Porco is situated in a narrow natural area that runs along the coast of the peninsula of Maddalena, just south of Syracuse on the east coast of Sicily. It is an area of stunning nature with dramatic topography, steep cliff sides and sparse vegetation. On the very line marking the transition from low vegetation to bare rock on the horn of the peninsula, a lighthouse and two rugged low

Från förbränning av industri- och hushållsavfall erhålls bland annat restprodukten slagg, vilket är bottenaskan från förbränningen. Varje år skapas stora volymer både i Sverige och i övriga Europa. Den naturliga processen karbonatisering, vilken involverar en reaktion mellan luftens koldioxid och kalcium i materialet, startar då slagg efter förbränning kommer i kontakt med luft. Karbonatiseringen From incineration of industrial- and household waste bottom ash is generated. A large volume of bottom ash is generated yearly in both Sweden and Europe. The natural carbonation process, which involves a reaction between carbon dioxide and calcium in the material, is initiated when the bottom ash reaches contact with air. The carbonation binds carbon dioxide to the bottom ash, decreases the pH and

There are about eight thousand and five hundred of level crossings in Sweden according to Swedish Transport Administration (STA). Approximately four thousand and six hundreds of railroad crossings are arranged without any type of protection. Most of the accidents occurs when there are none protection or the amount of traffic is very low. Types of protections that are usually used in most of the le

In 1999 the sixteen national environmental quality objectives were adopted by the Swedish parliament and in effort to achieve them the local perspective is considered essential. The environmental quality objectives should, according to the Swedish government, be a part of the municipality's overall policy on sustainable development and it is important that environmental aspects are taken into

This master thesis has been made on behalf of Sony Ericsson in co-operation with Machine Design at Lund Institute of Technology. The background is a need within Sony Ericsson to test moulded plastic parts before they are assembled together to a phone. There are today various specified tests that are made on every single phone before it is launched, but they are all made on complete assembled phone

I Sverige uppskattas den offentliga upphandlingen omsätta omkring 500 miljoner kronor per år. Dessa stora ekonomiska värden ger det offentliga makt att påverka privata aktörer och gör att upphandling kan bli ett viktigt politiskt styrmedel. I vilken utsträckning socialpolitiska målsättningar ska kunna främjas genom offentlig upphandling har dock varit föremål för diskussion. I den här uppsatsen haIn Sweden, public procurement annually accounts for approximately SEK 500 million. With these large economic values, the public has the power to influence private actors. In this way, procurement can be an important policy tool. To what extent public procurement can be used to promote social objectives has been subject to discussion. In this essay, I have chosen to investigate the scope provided f

Traditionally software development was performed by one single company. However, the traditional roles are being redefined and software ecosystems are taking software development outside the borders of the software company. Companies are starting to collaborate by using digital platforms and are creating new complex networks of organizations, so called software ecosystems. Software ecosystems are

In this study a coarse-grained model of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) is evaluated to determine whether the model is suitable to use for analyzing the structure and dynamics of IDPs. IDPs are proteins that lack a stable tertiary structure which gives them a flexible structure. The aim with this study is to find a model that is appropriate to use for analyzing dynamics events of IDPs. To

Thesis purpose: The purpose of this study is to complement the literature of online customer-to-customer interaction and customer journey by exploring the different roles of online customer-to-customer interaction in the pre-purchase stage of buying high involvement products. Methodology: The research aims to detect the patterns and understand individual behaviour;therefore, a qualitative approach

I juli 2014 föreslog Europakommissionen ett cirkulärt ekonomipaket som skulle bidra till att göra EU mer resurseffektivt genom att recirkulera resurser in i det ekonomiska systemet. En cirkulär ekonomi syftar till att tillvarata värdefulla naturresurser samtidigt som man motverkar behovet av att extrahera nya. Det föreslagna paketet innehöll bland annat ändringar i avfallsdirektiven, höjda återvinIn order to become more resource efficient and circulate resources back into the economic system, the European Commission adapted a circular economy package in 2014. This is in line with the idea of a circular economy. This study investigates how the legislative proposal to review recycling and other waste-related targets in the EU, which was a part of the proposed circular economy package, would

Varje år omsätts 900 miljarder kronor i offentliga upphandlingar i Sverige. Dessvärre är det inte endast seriösa leverantörer som försöker vinna dessa kontrakt. På senare år har man i allt större utsträckning uppmärksammat att oseriösa och kriminella entreprenörer också konkurrerar på den offentliga marknaden. Problemet har beskrivits som systemhotande. Upphandlande myndigheter har beskrivits soEvery year, 900 billion SEK is spent on public procurement contracts. Un-fortunately, it is not only serious suppliers which try to win these contracts. In recent years, attention has been drawn to criminal entrepreneurs who compete on the public market. The problem has been described as a threat to the system. Procuring organizations have been described as central to preventing crim-inal entrep

This master thesis has been conducted to investigate why and how Plastal in Arendal (PAGO), Sweden have implemented RFID technology. RFID technology has become very popular in recent years (1). It is said to have potential to increase the level of automation (2), reduce the labor levels and to improve the supply chain in areas such as inventory, visibility etc. (3) (see chapter 1.2.1 for more exa