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Water is an integral part of the structure in biological porous materials such as wood and starch. A problem often encountered in the preparation of samples for, e.g., electron microscopy is that removal of water leads to a decreasing distance between supermolecular structural elements and a distortion of the structure. It is, therefore, of interest to find methods to investigate these materials i
In this article we study jump spillover effects between a number of country equity indexes. In order to identify the latent historical jumps of each index, we use a Bayesian approach to estimate a jump-diffusion model on each index. We look at the simultaneous jump intensities of pairs of countries and the probabilities that jumps in large countries cause jumps or unusually large returns in other
Switched capacitors are here investigated for use in reconfigurable matching networks, particularly for DVB-H frequencies. A 0.13 um CMOS circuit is evaluated through both simulations and measurements. Source grounded NMOS transistors are used to switch high quality metal capacitors located above metal layer 8. The quality factor and tuning range depend on frequency, switch voltage, capacitor size
When semi-natural pastures are abandoned, specialized grassland species are lost as a consequence of succession. As a counter-measure, previously abandoned grasslands may be restored by clearing shrubs and trees and re-introducing grazing livestock. In order to examine the effects of this type of habitat restoration, we compared species richness of plants and of specialized plants thought to be de
Fine-grained tills are a dominant feature of the drift geology of Sweden. Until recently their use in earthworks applications has been limited due to the plentiful supply of naturally occurring gravel and crushed rock, and their high sensitivity to moisture content change which often leads to the view that fine-grained tills are problem soils. Environmental and economic factors are, however, leadi
Providing equitable access to highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) to injecting drug users (IDUs) is both feasible and desirable. Given the evidence that IDUs can adhere to HAART as well as non-IDUs and the imperative to provide universal and equitable access to HlV/AlDS treatment for all who need it, here we examine whether IDUs in the 52 countries in the WHO European Region have equita
A condensed shale from the middle Silurian of Gotland (Sweden) is herein described with regard to its biotic and environmental significance. The fauna is characterised by an overall low diversity and anomalous abundance patterns, notably a mass-occurrence of scolecodonts. Other elements include abundant chitinozoans, dendroid and graptoloid graptolites, conodonts, eurypterids, and the brachiopod L
Biochemical and morphological differentiation in reaggregating mouse-brain cell cultures after low-dose radiation (0.5 Gy) in vitro was studied. Cells were irradiated on culture day 2, corresponding to embryonic day 15-16, and different glial and neuronal markers were followed through development to postnatal day 40. The shape and size of irradiated aggregates were more irregular and smaller compa
Binding of adenosine to the thermosensitive copolymer of N-isopropylacrylamide and 3-(acrylamido)aminophenylboronic acid (82:18, m ($) over bar (n)=47000 g center dot mol(-1)) was studied by equilibrium dialysis at 22 degrees C and 37 degrees C, in a 0.1 m glycine buffer containing 0.1 m NaCl at pH 9.2. The copolymer exhibited a the phase transition temperature (T-p) of 26.5 degrees C under the ab
Using human peripheral blood CD14(+) osteoclast precursors, we show that testosterone directly inhibits osteoclast formation and bone resorption at physiological concentrations. Instead, estrogen has no direct effects, whereas its action seems to be mediated through osteoblasts by producing osteoprotegerin. Both estrogen and testosterone acts through their cognate receptors.
There is no generally accepted standard chemotherapy in treatment of advanced and recurrent endometrial carcinoma. Cisplatin and doxorubicin with or without cyclophosphamide are widely used. Response rates have improved with combination chemotherapy compared with single-agent therapy. A platinum analog seems to be an important part of the chemotherapy regimen. Since few patients are cured from the
The current article deals with the problem of distinguishing between relapse and reinfection of genital chlamydial infections due to the chronic character of such infections. The problem of detecting and treating chlamydial pelvic inflammatory disease is considered. Factors that may affect the clinical presentation of such infections, such as hormonal therapy, are also highlighted. Observations on
The purpose of this study was to investigate the combustion characteristics of soot deposits from diesel-powered engines. The soot deposits were collected in the exhaust stream from diesel engines at Volvo Truck Corporation in Gothenburg, Sweden. The combustion experiments were performed in a flow reactor in the presence of 2–10% O2 and 0 or 7% H2O. The temperature was increased at a rate of 10°C/
A miniaturized supported liquid membrane device has been developed for sample preparation and connected on-line to a packed capillary liquid chromatograph. The device consists of hydrophobic polypropylene hollow fiber, inserted and fastened in a cylindrical channel in a Kel-F piece. The pores of the fiber are filled with an organic solvent, in this study 6-undecanone, thus forming a liquid membran
Estimates of species extinction risk under climate change are generally based on differences in present and future climatically suitable areas. However, the locations of potentially suitable future environments (affecting establishment success), and the degree of climatic suitability in already occupied and new locations (affecting population viability) may be equally important determinants of ris
The "Coordination Action" ProDaC (Proteomics Data Collection) - funded by the EU within the 6(th) framework programme - was created to support the dissemination, utilization and publication of proteomics data. Within this international consortium, standards are developed and maintained to support extensive data collection by the proteomics community. An important part of ProDaC are workshops organ
